Cable-type secondary battery

• US 9,236,629 B2
• Filed: 11/08/2011
• Issued: 01/12/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 02/01/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LG Energy Solution Limited (LG Corporation)
• Original Assignee: LG Chem Limited (LG Corporation)
• Inventors: Kwon, Yo-Han, Kim, Je-Young, Oh, Byung-Hun, Kim, Ki-Tae
• Primary Examiner(s): Ruddock, Ula C
• Assistant Examiner(s): BARROW, AMANDA J
• Application Number:
  US13/291,407
• Publication Number:
  US 20120058376A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,526 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0413 Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0422 Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0565 Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/058 Construction or manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/025 with shapes other than plane or cylindrical
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/13 Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/133 Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/134 Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/66 Selection of materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/661 Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings H01M4/669 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/663 containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/667 in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/668 Composites of electroconductive material and synthetic resins
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/70 characterised by shape or form
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/75 Wires, rods or strips
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/102 characterised by their shape or physical structure
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/121 Organic material
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/14 : for protecting against damage caused by external factors
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/46 : Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/44 : of tubular or cup-shaped cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 : Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cable-type secondary battery comprising an inner electrode comprising at least two anodes arranged in parallel, the anode extending longitudinally and having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape, the anode having an electrolyte layer thereon serving as an ion channel; an outer electrode comprising a cathode including a cathode active material layer surrounding the inner electrode; and a protection coating surrounding the outer electrode. The cable-type secondary battery has free shape adaptation due to its linearity and flexibility. A plurality of inner electrodes within a tubular outer electrode lead to an increased contact area therebetween and consequently a high battery rate. It is easy to control the capacity balance between the inner and outer electrodes by adjusting the number of inner electrodes. A short circuit is prevented due to the electrolyte layer formed on the inner electrode.

Claims

1. A cable secondary battery comprising:

an inner electrode comprising at least two anodes arranged in parallel and spaced from one another, each of the anodes including a current collector and an anode active material on an outer surface of the current collector and extending longitudinally and having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape, each of the anodes having a respective electrolyte layer thereon serving as an ion channel, each respective electrolyte layer surrounding a respective current collector;

an outer electrode comprising a cathode including a cathode active material layer and a hollow current collector disposed about the cathode active material layer, the cathode active material layer surrounding the inner electrode, the cathode being arranged in parallel with the at least two anodes; and

a protection coating surrounding the outer electrode.

3. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the horizontal cross section of each of the anodes is a circular or polygonal shape.

4. The cable-type secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the cathode has a cross section of a circular or polygonal shape.

5. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the current collectors of the anodes are made from stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, and copper;

stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, and silver;

aluminum-cadmium alloys;

non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material;

or conductive polymers.

6. The cable secondary battery according to claim 5,

wherein the conductive material is any one selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfur nitride, indium thin oxide (ITO), silver, palladium, nickel, copper, and mixtures thereof.

7. The cable secondary battery according to claim 5,

wherein the conductive polymer is any one selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfur nitride, and mixtures thereof.

8. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the anode active material layer is formed from an active material including an active material particle of any one selected from the group consisting of carbonaceous materials;

lithium-containing titanium composite oxides (LTOs);

metals (Me) including Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni, and Fe;

alloys of the metals (Me);

oxides (MeOx) of the metals (Me); and

composites of the metals (Me) and carbon, and mixtures thereof.

9. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the hollow current collector is made from stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, and copper;

stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, and silver;

aluminum-cadmium alloys;

non-conductive polymers surface-treated with a conductive material;

or conductive polymers.

10. The cable secondary battery according to claim 9,

wherein the conductive material is any one selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfur nitride, indium thin oxide (ITO), silver, palladium, nickel, copper, and mixtures thereof.

11. The cable secondary battery according to claim 9,

wherein the conductive polymer is any one selected from the group consisting of polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfur nitride, and mixtures thereof.

12. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein the cathode active material layer is formed from an active material including an active material particle of any one selected from the group consisting of LiCoO₂, LiNiO₂, LiMn₂O₄, LiCoPO₄, LiFePO₄, LiNiMnCoO₂, LiNi_1-x-y-zCo_xM1_yM2_zO₂, and mixtures, wherein M1 and M2 are each independently any one selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg, and Mo, and x, y, and z are each independently an atomic fraction of each component in the oxide, where 0≦

x<

0.5, 0≦

y<

0.5, 0≦

z<

0.5, x+y+z≦

1.

13. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein each respective electrolyte layer is formed a gel polymer electrolyte of PEO, PVdF, PMMA, PAN, or PVAc;

or a solid electrolyte of PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES) or PVAc.

14. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein each respective electrolyte layer further comprises a lithium salt.

15. The cable secondary battery according to claim 14,

wherein the lithium salt is any one selected from the group consisting of LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO₄, LiBF₄, LiB₁₀Cl₁₀, LiPF₆, LiCF₃SO₃, LiCF₃CO₂, LiAsF₆, LiSbF₆, LiAlCl₄, CH₃SO₃Li, CF₃SO₃Li, (CF₃SO₂)₂NLi, chlorine borane lithium, aliphatic lower lithium carbonate, tetra-phenyl lithium borate, and mixtures thereof.

16. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the inner electrode is surrounded by the outer electrode.

17. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the cathode active material layer is concentric with the hollow current collector.

18. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the at least two anodes are not in contact with one another and separated by the cathode active material layer.

19. The cable secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein each of the at least two anodes is individually covered with a designated electrolyte layer circumferentially disposed thereabout.

2. A cable secondary battery comprising:

an inner electrode comprising at least two cathodes arranged in parallel and spaced from one another, each of the cathodes including a current collector and a cathode active material on an outer surface of the current collector and extending longitudinally and having a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape, each of the cathodes having an electrolyte layer thereon serving as an ion channel, each respective electrolyte layer surrounding a respective current collector;

an outer electrode comprising an anode including an anode active material layer, the anode active material layer surrounding the inner electrode, the anode being arranged in parallel with the at least two cathodes; and

a protection coating surrounding the outer electrode.