RFID integrated circuit identifier self-check

• US 9,239,941 B1
• Filed: 04/18/2013
• Issued: 01/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 11/08/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Impinj International Ltd. (Impinj, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Inventors: Diorio, Christopher J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Nam V
• Application Number:
  US13/865,993
• Time in Patent Office: 1,006 Days
• Field of Search: 340/10.51, 340/10.1, 340/10.2, 340/10.3, 340/5.85, 340/5.26, 340/572.4, 711/219, 365/192, 714/758
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1004 to protect a block of data words, e.g. CRC or checksum G06F11/1076 takes precedence; security arrangements for protecting computers or computer systems against unauthorized activity G06F21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/35 communicating wirelessly
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0722 comprising an arrangement for testing the record carrier
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/0723 the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07309 Means for preventing undesired reading or writing from or onto record carriers
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10019 resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. collision between the communication channels used by wireless communication devices, where the solution is not particularly adapted for RFIDs or the like, H04W74/08
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10465 the interrogation device being capable of self-diagnosis, e.g. in addition to or as part of the actual interrogation process testing of electrical circuits in general G01R31/28

Abstract

A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag IC stores an identifier and a check code. The IC determines whether the stored identifier is corrupted by comparing it to the check code. If the stored identifier does not correspond to the check code then the IC may terminate operation or indicate an error. The IC may also reconstruct the correct identifier from the check code.

Claims

1. A method for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) integrated circuit (IC) to avoid sending a corrupted identifier, the method comprising:

upon extracting an operating power from a received RF signal,

powering-up a nonvolatile memory from the extracted operating power, the nonvolatile memory storing a tag identifier and a check code based on and used to check a correctness of the tag identifier;

retrieving the tag identifier and the check code from the nonvolatile memory;

determining, based on the check code, that the tag identifier is corrupted; and

upon subsequently receiving a command requesting the tan identifier, transmitting a reply indicating that the tag identifier is corrupted, wherein the reply includes at least one of an alternative identifier and a corruption indicator.

2. The method of claim 1, in which the tag identifier includes a code indicating at least one of an attribute of the IC and an attribute of an item associated with the IC.

3. The method of claim 1, in which at least one bit of the check code is stored in a complementary half of a differential memory cell.

4. The method of claim 1, in which the corruption indicator at least one of:

indicates that the reply includes the alternative identifier; and

,

includes protocol control information corresponding to an altered identifier.

5. The method of claim 1, in which the check code includes at least one of:

at least one memory-redundancy bit;

at least one parity hit;

a checksum;

a cyclic redundancy check;

a hash function output; and

an error-correcting code.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

computing a cyclic redundancy check based on the reply; and

including the cyclic redundancy check in the reply.

7. A method for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) integrated, circuit (IC) to avoid sending a corrupted identifier, the method comprising;

upon extracting an operating power from a received RF signal,

powering-up a nonvolatile memory from the extracted operating power, the nonvolatile memory storing a tag identifier and a check code based on and used to check a correctness of the tag identifier;

retrieving the tag identifier and the check code from the nonvolatile memory;

determining, based on the check code, that the tag identifier is corrupted; and

upon subsequently receiving a command requesting the tag identifier,

refraining from replying to the command.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

re-retrieving the tag identifier and the check code from the nonvolatile memory;

determining, based on the re-retrieved check code, that the re-retrieved tag identifier is correct; and

replying to the command.

9. The method of claim 7, in which at least one bit of the check code is stored in a complementary half of a differential memory cell.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising power-cycling one of the IC and the nonvolatile memory upon determining that the tag identifier is corrupted.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the check code includes at least one of:

at least one memory-redundancy bit;

at least one parity bit;

checksum;

a cyclic redundancy check;

a hash function output; and

an error-correcting code.

12. The method of claim 7, further comprising at least one of:

asserting a kill flag of the IC;

writing an error code to the nonvolatile memory;

asserting an error flag in the nonvolatile memory;

adjusting a session flag of the IC; and

rewriting at least a portion of the nonvolatile memory,

upon determining that the tag identifier is corrupted.

13. A Radio Frequency identification (RFID) integrated circuit (IC) comprising;

a nonvolatile memory storing a tag identifier and a check code based on and used to check a correctness of the tag identifier; and

a processing block configured to;

upon extraction of an operating power from a received RF signal,

power-up the nonvolatile memory from the extracted operating power;

retrieve the tag identifier and the check code from the nonvolatile memory;

determine, based on the check code, that the tag identifier is corrupted; and

upon subsequent receipt of a command requesting the tag identifier, one of;

transmit a reply indicating that the tag identifier is corrupted, wherein the reply includes at least one of an alternative identifier and a corruption indicator, and

refrain from replying to the command while the check code indicates that the tag identifier is corrupted.

14. The IC of claim 13, in which the alternative identifier is a code indicating an attribute of the IC.

15. The IC of claim 13, in which the corruption indicator at least one of:

indicates that the reply includes the alternative identifier; and

includes protocol control information corresponding to an altered identifier.

16. The IC of claim 13, in which the check code includes at least one of:

a value in at least one complementary half of a differential memory cell;

at least one memory-redundancy bit;

at least one parity bit;

a checksum;

a cyclic redundancy check;

a hash function output; and

an error-correcting code.

17. The IC of claim 13, in which the processing block is further configured to:

re-retrieve the tag identifier and check code from the nonvolatile memory;

determine, based on the re-retrieved check code, that the re-retrieved tag identifier is correct; and

reply to the command.

18. The IC of claim 13, in which the processing block is further configured to:

power-cycle one of the operating power and the nonvolatile memory upon determining that the tag identifier is corrupted.

19. The IC of claim 13, in which the processing block is further configured to at least one of assert a kill flag of the IC;

write an error code to the nonvolatile memory;

assert an error flag in the nonvolatile memory;

adjust a session flag of the IC; and

rewrite at least a portion of the nonvolatile memory,

in response to determining that the tag identifier is corrupted.

20. The IC of claim 13, in which the processing block is further configured to:

compute a cyclic redundancy check based on the reply; and

include the cyclic redundancy check in the reply.