Methods and systems for power optimization in a medical device

• US 9,241,676 B2
• Filed: 05/31/2012
• Issued: 01/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Covidien LP (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Covidien LP (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Lisogurski, Daniel, Baker, Clark R. Jr.
• Primary Examiner(s): REMALY, MARK DONALD
• Application Number:
  US13/484,770
• Publication Number:
  US 20130324856A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,335 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/021 Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02433 for infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14551 for measuring blood gases
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7285 for synchronising or triggering a physiological measurement or image acquisition with a physiological event or waveform, e.g. an ECG signal A61B6/5205, A61B6/541, A61B8/5207, A61B8/543 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/746 Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms alarms per se G08B

Abstract

A physiological monitoring system may use photonic signals to determine physiological parameters. The system may vary parameters of a light drive signal used to generate the photonic signal from a light source such that power consumption is reduced or optimized. Parameters may include light intensity, firing rate, duty cycle, other suitable parameters, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the system may use information from a first light source to generate a light drive signal for a second light source. In some embodiments, the system may vary parameters in a way substantially synchronous with physiological pulses, for example, cardiac pulses. In some embodiments, the system may vary parameters in response to an external trigger.

Claims

1. A pulse oximetry monitoring system, comprising:

an oximetry sensor comprising a light source; and

a pulse oximeter comprising a processor, wherein the pulse oximeter is coupled to the oximetry sensor and is configured to;

receive an external trigger, wherein the external trigger is based on a signal other than a light signal received from the oximetry sensor;

vary at least one parameter of a light drive signal modulation based on the external trigger; and

generate a light drive signal for activating the light source to emit a photonic signal according to the light drive signal modulation.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the external trigger is based on a signal received from an ECG sensor.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the external trigger is based on an R-wave from the signal received from the ECG sensor.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the external trigger is based on a signal from a blood pressure sensor.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the external trigger is based on a signal received from a respiratory sensor.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter of the light drive signal comprises light intensity.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter of the light drive signal comprises light source firing rate.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the oximetry sensor is configured to receive a light signal attenuated by a subject; and

the pulse oximeter further comprises an analog-to-digital converter configured to sample the light signal at a sampling rate, wherein the sampling rate varies substantially synchronously with the variation of the at least one parameter of the light drive signal.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one parameter of the light drive signal comprises duty cycle.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the oximetry sensor is configured to receive a light signal attenuated by a subject, wherein the light signal comprises a component corresponding to the photonic signal; and

the pulse oximeter is further configured to determine a physiological parameter of the subject based on the component of the light signal.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse oximeter is further configured to vary the at least one parameter of the light drive signal based on one or more physiological parameters.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse oximeter is further configured to vary the at least one parameter of the light drive signal concurrently with receiving the external trigger.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the variation of the at least one parameter is configured to be correlated with receiving the external trigger.

14. The system of claim 11, wherein the one or more physiological parameters comprises at least one of blood oxygen saturation, pulse rate, blood pressure, and any combination thereof.

15. The system of claim 11, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to cease the light drive signal modulation when at least one of the physiological parameters passes a threshold value.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein:

the light drive signal modulation is a first light drive signal modulation;

the light drive signal is a first light drive signal;

the light source is a first light source; and

the photonic signal is a first photonic signal;

and further wherein, when the at least one of the physiological parameters exceeds the threshold value, the pulse oximeter is further configured to;

vary at least one parameter of a second light drive signal modulation based on the external trigger; and

generate a second light drive signal for activating a second light source of the oximetry sensor to emit a second photonic signal according to the second light drive signal modulation.

17. The system of claim 11, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase the light intensity of the light drive signal modulation when at least one of the physiological parameters passes a threshold value.

18. The system of claim 11, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase a duration associated with a period of the light drive signal modulation when at least one of the physiological parameters passes a threshold value.

19. The system of claim 12, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase the parameter of the light drive signal modulation concurrently with receiving the external trigger.

20. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one parameter of the light drive signal modulation comprises a high value and a low value, and wherein the at least one parameter is varied so that the high value coincides with receiving the external trigger.

21. The system of claim 12, wherein the at least one parameter is varied according to a periodic waveform, wherein the periodic waveform comprises a plurality of parameter peaks, and wherein the parameter peaks are configured to coincide with receiving the external trigger.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the periodic waveform comprises a continuous periodic waveform.

23. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse oximeter is further configured to:

determine a selected one of a plurality of physiological parameters; and

vary the at least one parameter of the light drive signal based on the selected physiological parameter.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the plurality of physiological parameters comprises pulse identification, quantification of pulse amplitude variability, and blood oxygen saturation.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase the light intensity of the light signal during a plurality of diastole periods when the selected physiological parameter is pulse identification.

26. The system of claim 24, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase the light intensity of the light signal during a plurality of systole periods when the selected physiological parameter is quantification of pulse amplitude variability.

27. The system of claim 23, wherein the pulse oximeter is configured to increase the light intensity of the light signal during a plurality of systole periods when the selected physiological parameter is blood oxygen saturation.

28. The system of claim 1, wherein the external trigger is based on a signal from an external pulse oximeter.

29. The system of claim 13, wherein the pulse oximeter is further configured to:

determine a time offset based on the external trigger; and

vary the at least one parameter based on the time offset.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein the time offset corresponds to a delay between a feature of the signal on which the external trigger is based and a feature of the light signal received from the oximetry sensor.

31. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse oximeter is further configured to:

generate a triggered pulse signal based on the external trigger; and

vary the at least one parameter based on the triggered pulse signal.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein the external trigger is based on an R-wave from a signal received from an ECG sensor.