Concave ultrasound transducers and 3D arrays

• US 9,247,926 B2
• Filed: 10/12/2011
• Issued: 02/02/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/14/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Maui Imaging, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Maui Imaging, Inc.
• Inventors: Smith, David M., Specht, Donald F., Cabrera, Linda V., Brewer, Kenneth D., Specht, David J.
• Primary Examiner(s): TURCHEN, ROCHELLE DEANNA
• Application Number:
  US13/272,105
• Publication Number:
  US 20120095343A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,574 Days
• Field of Search: 600/437, 600443-445, 600/459
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/14 Echo-tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/145 characterised by scanning multiple planes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4444 related to the probe
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4483 characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4494 characterised by the arrangement of the transducer elements devices for short-range imaging using particular transducer elements arrangements under G01S15/8909; arrangements of transducers in generation of mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency B06B1/0607
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/461 Displaying means of special interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/467 characterised by special input means
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/5207 involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image reconstruction G06T11/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/523 for generating planar views from image data in a user selectable plane not corresponding to the acquisition plane
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/58 Testing, adjusting or calibrating the diagnostic device
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 1/0622 on one surface
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8913 using separate transducers for transmission and reception
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/892 the array being curvilinear
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8927 using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8929 using a three-dimensional transducer configuration
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8934 using a dynamic transducer configuration
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5205 Means for monitoring or calibrating
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52084 related to particular user interfaces special user input means for ultrasonic medical diagnostic devices A61B8/467

Abstract

A Multiple Aperture Ultrasound Imaging (MAUI) probe or transducer is uniquely capable of simultaneous imaging of a region of interest from separate apertures of ultrasound arrays. Some embodiments provide systems and methods for designing, building and using ultrasound probes having continuous arrays of ultrasound transducers which may have a substantially continuous concave curved shape in two or three dimensions (i.e. concave relative to an object to be imaged). Other embodiments herein provide systems and methods for designing, building and using ultrasound imaging probes having other unique configurations, such as adjustable probes and probes with variable configurations.

Claims

1. An ultrasound imaging system, comprising:

a continuous ultrasound transducer array, the ultrasound transducer array having a concave curvature about at least one axis;

a first transmit aperture in the ultrasound transducer array comprising a transmitter group of exactly one transducer element configured to insonify a scatterer with unfocused ultrasound pings at a first ultrasound frequency;

a first receive aperture in the ultrasound transducer array comprising a first receiver group of transducer elements arranged in a square shape and configured to receive ultrasound echoes from the scatterer, the first receive aperture being located apart from the first transmit aperture;

a second transmit aperture in the ultrasound transducer array comprising a second transmitter group of exactly one transducer element configured to insonify a scatterer with unfocused ultrasound pings at a second ultrasound frequency different than the first ultrasound frequency;

a second receive aperture in the ultrasound transducer array comprising a second receiver group of transducer elements arranged in a square shape and configured to receive ultrasound echoes from the scatterer, the second receive aperture being located apart from the second transmit aperture and the first receive aperture; and

a control system in electronic communication with the ultrasound transducer array, the control system being configured to adjust a size of the first receiver group of transducer elements and to adjust a size of the second receiver group of transducer elements, the control system being further configured to combine echoes received by the elements of the first receive aperture coherently without phase cancellation to form a first image and to combine echoes received by the elements of the second receive aperture coherently without phase cancellation to form a second image, the control system also configured to form an ultrasound image by incoherently combining the first image with the second image.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the ultrasound transducer array has a concave curvature about at least two axes.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the control system is further configured to access calibration data is stored in the control system that describes a position and orientation of the first transmit aperture and the first receive aperture.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein the control system is further configured to access calibration data stored remotely from the control system that describes a position and orientation of the first transmit aperture and the first receive aperture.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein the calibration data is stored in a chip housed within a probe housing along with the array.

6. A method of ultrasound imaging, comprising:

transmitting ultrasound energy as an unfocused ultrasound ping in a scan plane towards a scatterer in the scan plane with a transmit aperture comprising exactly one transducer element on an ultrasound transducer array aligned with the scan plane and having a concave curvature about at least one axis;

receiving ultrasound echoes from the scatterer in the scan plane with a first receive aperture comprising a first receiver group of transducer elements on the ultrasound transducer array;

coherently combining echoes received by the elements of the first receive aperture;

adjusting a size of the first receiver group of transducer elements of the first receive aperture so that coherently combining echoes received by the elements of the first receive aperture is performed without phase cancellation; and

forming a first ultrasound image with the coherently combined ultrasound echoes received by the first receive aperture;

receiving ultrasound echoes from the scatterer in the scan plane with a second receive aperture comprising a second receiver group of transducer elements on the ultrasound transducer array;

coherently combining echoes received by the elements of the second receive aperture;

adjusting a size of the second receiver group of transducer elements of the second receive aperture so that coherently combining echoes received by the elements of the second receive aperture is performed without phase cancellation; and

forming a second ultrasound image with the coherently combined ultrasound echoes received by the first and second receive apertures; and

incoherently combining the first ultrasound image and the second ultrasound image.

7. An ultrasound imaging system, comprising:

an ultrasound transducer array arranged to transmit and receive ultrasound energy in a first scan plane that extends into a region of interest to be imaged;

a first transmit aperture comprising a first transmitter group of exactly one element in the ultrasound transducer array aligned with the first scan plane and configured to insonify a scatterer in the first scan plane with ultrasound energy unfocused in the scan plane;

a first receive aperture comprising a first group of elements in the ultrasound transducer array configured to receive ultrasound echoes from the scatterer in the first scan plane, the first receive aperture being located apart from the first transmit aperture and aligned with the first scan plane;

a second receive aperture comprising a first group of elements in the ultrasound transducer array configured to receive ultrasound echoes from the scatterer in the first scan plane and aligned with the first scan plane, the second receive aperture being located apart from the first transmit aperture and the first receive aperture; and

a control system in electronic communication with the ultrasound transducer array, the control system configured to change a total aperture size of the system by switching from receiving echoes with the first receive aperture to receiving echoes with the second receive aperture, the control system further configured to combine echoes received by the elements of the first receive aperture coherently without phase cancellation to form a first image and to combine echoes received by the elements of the second receive aperture coherently without phase cancellation to form a second image, the control system also configured to form an ultrasound image of the region of interest in the scan plane by incoherently combining the first image with the second image.

8. The system of claim 7 wherein the control system is configured to access calibration data describing a position and orientation of the first transmit aperture, the first receive aperture, and the second receive aperture, wherein the control system is configured to form an ultrasound image with the echoes received by the first and second receive apertures.

9. The system of claim 7 wherein the control system is configured to change the total aperture size automatically upon detection of an obstruction.