Flame retardant ballistic laminate

• US 9,261,333 B2
• Filed: 09/10/2012
• Issued: 02/16/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/10/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: TenCate Advanced Armor USA, Inc. (Koninklijke Ten Cate NV)
• Original Assignee: TenCate Advanced Armor USA, Inc. (Koninklijke Ten Cate NV)
• Inventors: Guo, Chuanpu, Kopan, Brian R., Dobriski, Josef S.
• Primary Examiner(s): SINGH-PANDEY, ARTI R
• Application Number:
  US13/608,809
• Publication Number:
  US 20140322483A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,254 Days
• Field of Search: 2/25, 442/134, 442/135, 428/911, 428/912, 428/920, 428/921, 428/98, 428/102, 428/105, 428/108, 428/110, 428/112, 428/113, 428/114, 428/119
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 15/02 Layer formed of wires, e.g. mesh
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2038/0072 Orienting fibers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/02 Synthetic macromolecular fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/0253 Polyolefin fibres vinyl or acrylic copolymers B32B2262/0223 or B32B2262/0246
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/0269 Aromatic polyamide fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/101 Glass fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/105 Ceramic fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/106 Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/14 Mixture of at least two fibres made of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/3065 Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2571/02 defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing camouflage nets B32B2459/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2605/08 Cars
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2605/18 Aircraft blades, propellers B32B2603/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 38/00 Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/08 the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances , e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/12 characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/26 another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0485 all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/10 Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24124 Fibers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249924 : Noninterengaged fiber-containing paper-free web or sheet which is not of specified porosity
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249949 : Two or more chemically different fibers

Abstract

A ballistic laminate includes a layer including first fibers of a first material oriented at both a first direction and a second direction and second fibers of a second material oriented at both the first direction and the second direction. The first fibers are flammable, and the second fibers are flame retardant. A periodic distance greater than about 9 mm is between the second fibers of the second material oriented at the first direction. A periodic distance greater than about 9 mm is between the second fibers of the second material oriented at the second direction.

Claims

1. A ballistic laminate comprising:

a layer having a plurality of plies, including at least a first ply and a second ply immediately adjacent to the first ply, the first ply comprising;

a first section containing first unidirectional fibers of a first material oriented at a first direction; and

a second section containing second unidirectional fibers of a second material oriented at the first direction, the second section containing the second fibers of the second material is immediately adjacent to and alternates with the first section containing the first fibers of the first material, the first material is flammable and the second material is flame retardant;

the second ply comprising;

a first section containing the first unidirectional fibers of the first material oriented at a second direction; and

a second section containing the second unidirectional fibers of the second material oriented at the second direction, the second section containing the second fibers of the second material is immediately adjacent to and alternates with the first section containing the first fibers of the first material;

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section of the second fibers of the second material oriented at the first direction; and

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section of the second fibers of the second material oriented at the second direction.

2. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other.

3. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

the first fibers are at least one of ultra-high-molecular-weight-polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers and polypropylene fibers in a matrix.

4. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

the second fibers are at least one of aramid fibers, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) fibers, glass fibers, PBO fibers, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, PTFE fluoropolymer fibers, and steel wires.

5. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein the layer includes a third ply and a fourth ply:

the third ply includes first sections containing first unidirectional fibers of the first material immediately adjacent to and alternating with second sections containing second unidirectional fibers of the second material, the first fibers and the second fibers being oriented at the first direction; and

the fourth ply includes first sections containing first unidirectional fibers of the first material immediately adjacent to and alternating with second sections containing second unidirectional fibers of the second material, the first fibers and the second fibers being oriented at the second direction.

6. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 5, wherein:

the first ply is adjacent to the second ply;

the second ply is adjacent to the third ply; and

the third ply is adjacent to the fourth ply.

7. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 5, wherein:

the first direction is 0°

; and

the second direction is 90°

relative to the first direction.

8. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

in each of the respective directions, there is at least one fiber bundle of the first fibers between adjacent fiber bundles of the second fibers.

9. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 1, wherein:

the first fibers of the first material have a Limiting Oxygen Index less than or equal to 25; and

the second fibers of the second material have a Limiting Oxygen Index greater than 25.

10. A ballistic laminate, comprising:

a layer including;

a first section containing first unidirectional fibers, oriented at either a first direction or a second direction, being flammable with a Limiting Oxygen Index less than or equal to 25; and

a second section containing second unidirectional fibers, oriented at either the first direction or the second direction, being flame retardant with a Limiting Oxygen Index greater than 25; and

the first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction is immediately adjacent to the second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction, the first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction is immediately adjacent to the second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction.

11. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 10, wherein:

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm is between each second section of the second fibers oriented at the first direction; and

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm is between each second section of the second fibers oriented at the second direction.

12. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 11, wherein:

the section of the first unidirectional fibers is between any two adjacent sections of the second unidirectional fibers of the second material.

13. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 10, further including:

a second layer including;

a first section containing the first unidirectional fibers oriented at either the first direction or the second direction; and

a second section containing the second unidirectional fibers oriented at either the first direction or the second direction; and

the first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction is immediately adjacent to the second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction, the first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction is immediately adjacent to the second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction;

wherein the first and second layers are stacked together and heated to form a panel.

14. The ballistic laminate as set forth in claim 13 wherein each of the first layer and the second layer comprises a plurality of plies.

15. A ballistic laminate comprising:

a first layer having a plurality of plies, including at least a first ply and a second ply immediately adjacent to the first ply, the first and second plies comprising;

a plurality of first sections containing first unidirectional fibers of a flammable material with a Limiting Oxygen Index less than or equal to 25, the first unidirectional fibers in the first ply being oriented at a first direction and the first unidirectional fibers in the second ply being oriented at a second direction;

a plurality of second sections containing second unidirectional fibers of a flammable material with a Limiting Oxygen Index greater than 25, the second unidirectional fibers in the first ply being oriented at the first direction and the second unidirectional fibers in the second ply being oriented at the second direction;

each first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction is immediately adjacent to and alternates with a second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction, and each first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction is immediately adjacent to and alternates with a second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction;

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction; and

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction;

a second layer having a plurality of plies, including at least a first ply and a second ply immediately adjacent to the first ply, the first and second plies comprising;

a plurality of first sections containing first unidirectional fibers of a flammable material with a Limiting Oxygen Index less than or equal to 25, the first unidirectional fibers in the first ply being oriented at a first direction and the first unidirectional fibers in the second ply being oriented at a second direction;

a plurality of second sections containing second unidirectional fibers of a flammable material with a Limiting Oxygen Index greater than 25, the second unidirectional fibers in the first ply being oriented at the first direction and the second unidirectional fibers in the second ply being oriented at the second direction;

each first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction is immediately adjacent to and alternates with a second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction, and each first section containing first unidirectional fibers oriented in the second direction is immediately adjacent to and alternates with a second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction;

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the first direction; and

a periodic distance greater than about 9 mm between each second section containing second unidirectional fibers oriented at the second direction;

wherein the first and second layers are stacked together and heated to form a panel.