Automated tuning of gas turbine combustion systems

• US 9,267,443 B2
• Filed: 07/05/2012
• Issued: 02/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB
• Original Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB
• Inventors: Chandler, Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Gami, Tejal
• Application Number:
  US13/542,222
• Publication Number:
  US 20120275899A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,328 Days
• Field of Search: 700/287, 415/1, 415/17, 607/73, 602/04, 701/100
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/28 Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/32 in gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/80 Diagnostics
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/082 with as little NOx as possible
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/083 by monitoring combustion conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/20 to optimize the performance of a machine
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/303 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/31 Fuel schedule for stage combustors
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 1/002 using electronic means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2241/20 Gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/003 using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties F23N5/02, F23N5/18 - F23N5/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/242 using electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 2900/00013 Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by active means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/34 Feeding into different combustion zones
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/021 in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a tuning system for tuning the operation of a gas turbine. The system comprises operational turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, including at least one of turbine fuel distribution or the fuel temperature. The system also has a tuning controller communicating with the turbine controls. The tuning controller is configured to tune the operation of the turbine in accordance with the following steps: receiving operational data about the turbine, providing a hierarchy of tuning issues, determining whether sensed operational data is within predetermined operational limits and producing one or more indicators. If the operational data is not within predetermined operational limits, the tuning controller will rank the one or more indicators to determine dominant tuning concern, and tune the operation of the turbine based on dominant tuning concern. Also provided herein are a method and computer readable medium for tuning.

Claims

1. A method of tuning the operation of a gas turbine, the turbine having turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, the operational control elements each facilitating concurrent adjustment to the combustion characteristics of all combustors within the turbine, the operational control elements comprising combustor fuel distribution splits of the fuel circuits of the combustors, fuel gas inlet temperature and fuel/air ratio within the turbine, the method comprising:

receiving operational data about the turbine at a tuning controller, the operational data comprising emissions levels and dynamics levels;

specifying tuning priorities wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting one or more tuning priorities or selecting a value in a range for the one or more tuning priorities and wherein the specifying operates to change predetermined operational limits;

determining at the tuning controller whether sensed operational data is within the predetermined operational limits and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the predetermined operational limits;

ranking the one or more indicators to determine a dominant tuning concern; and

tuning the operation of the turbine by selecting an operational control element for adjustment, based on the dominant tuning concern and making an adjustment to the selected operational control element,

wherein the tuning priorities comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level and combustion dynamics, and

wherein the specifying of the power level tuning priority comprises selecting or de-selecting the power level tuning priority, and wherein the specifying of NOx levels tuning priority or combustion dynamics tuning priority comprises selecting a value in a range.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein step of tuning the operation of the turbine based on the dominant tuning concern comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational control elements of the turbine.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of specifying tuning priorities further comprises specifying tuning priorities according to an end user'"'"'s preferences.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of the indicator.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the one or more indicators are further ranked based on the tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein real-time adjustment of tuning limits is achieved through the use of a graphical user interface during operation of the turbine.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more indicators comprises one or more alarm levels indicating that the operational data of the turbine is outside of allowable limits of the turbine.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tuning controller communicates indirectly with the turbine controls through a distribution control system (DCS).

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tuning priorities further comprise one or more selected from the group comprising heat rate, CO levels, heat recovery steam generator life, gas turbine fuel blend ratio and turndown capability.

10. A non-transitory computer readable medium having embodied therein a computer program for tuning the operation of a combustion turbine comprising code segments for:

controlling operational control elements of the turbine, wherein the operational control elements each facilitating concurrent adjustment to the combustion characteristics of all combustors within the turbine, the operational control elements comprising combustor fuel distribution splits of the fuel circuits of the combustors, fuel gas inlet temperature and fuel/air ratio within the turbine;

receiving operational data for the turbine, the operational data comprising emissions levels and dynamics levels;

specifying tuning priorities wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting one or more tuning priorities or selecting a value in a range for the one or more tuning priorities and wherein the specifying operates to change predetermined operational limits;

determining whether sensed operational data is within the predetermined operational limits and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the predetermined operational limits;

ranking the one or more indicators to determine a dominant tuning concern; and

tuning the operation of the turbine by adjusting a selected operational control element based on the dominant tuning concern,

wherein the tuning priorities comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level and combustion dynamics, and

wherein the code segments allow a user to specify the power level tuning priority by selecting or de-selecting the power level tuning priority, and specify the NOx levels tuning priority or combustion dynamics tuning priority by selecting a value in a range.

11. The computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the step of tuning the operation of the turbine based on the dominant tuning concern comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational control elements of the turbine.

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of specifying tuning priorities further comprises specifying tuning priorities according to an end user'"'"'s preferences.

13. The computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of the indicator.

14. The computer readable medium according to claim 13, wherein the indicators are further ranked based on the tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

15. The computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein real-time adjustment of tuning limits is achieved through the use of a graphical user interface.

16. The method according to claim 10, wherein the one or more indicators comprises one or more alarm levels indicating that the operational data of the turbine is outside of allowable limits of the turbine.

17. The method according to claim 10, wherein the tuning controller communicates indirectly with a turbine controller through a distribution control system (DCS).

18. The computer readable medium according to claim 10, wherein the tuning priorities further comprise one or more selected from the group comprising heat rate, CO levels, heat recovery steam generator life, gas turbine fuel blend ratio and turndown capability.