Power generation capacity indicator

• US 9,269,977 B2
• Filed: 12/08/2009
• Issued: 02/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Eickhoff, Steven J., Zhang, Chunbo
• Primary Examiner(s): Gilliam, Barbara
• Assistant Examiner(s): ROE, CLAIRE LOUISE
• Application Number:
  US12/632,975
• Publication Number:
  US 20100073015A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,268 Days
• Field of Search: 429/408, 429410-427, 429443-444, 429448-449, 429/535, 429/99, 423/648.1, 423/657
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/066 with fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/065 from a hydride
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04208 Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04216 characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04447 of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04619 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/065 by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

Improved portable power sources such as batteries, fuel cells, power generators and the like can include structure or apparatus that are adapted to provide an indication of the power capacity remaining within the portable power source. In some cases, these power sources may be configured to accommodate remote communication regarding their remaining power capacity.

Claims

1. A fuel gas generator for providing fuel gas to a fuel cell, comprising:

a housing defining a cavity;

a solid fuel situated in the cavity of the housing, the solid fuel only filling part of the cavity leaving an open volume within the cavity that is substantially free of solid fuel, wherein a reaction front is initially disposed between the solid fuel and the open volume;

an input port and an output port, each of the input port and output port being in fluid communication with the open volume;

a capacity detection mechanism having a first portion disposed at least partially within the solid fuel and a second portion disposed at least partially within the open volume, with the reaction front initially situated between the first portion and the second portion of the capacity detection mechanism, said reaction front moving within the solid fuel towards the first portion during use of the fuel gas generator, the capacity detection mechanism providing a measure related to an amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing based on a current position of the reaction front relative to the capacity detection mechanism; and

wherein the capacity detection mechanism comprises a member coated with a conductive reactive material, the member forming at least part of the second portion of the capacity detection mechanism disposed at least partially within the open volume.

2. The fuel gas generator of claim 1, further comprising a water vapor source in fluid communication with the input port of the fuel gas generator.

3. The fuel gas generator of claim 1, wherein the fuel gas generator is configured to produce a fuel gas that is usable by a downstream fuel cell.

4. The fuel gas generator of claim 3, wherein the fuel gas generator is configured to produce hydrogen gas.

5. The fuel gas generator of claim 1, wherein the capacity detection mechanism provides an electrical signal that is indicative of the measure related to the amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing.

6. The fuel gas generator of claim 5, further comprising an indicator in electrical communication with the capacity detection mechanism, the indicator receiving the electrical signal and providing a visual representation of the amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing.

7. The fuel gas generator of claim 1, wherein the conductive reactive material changes resistance when exposed to one or more of water, reaction products, and/or reaction byproducts that are present within the solid fuel during use of the fuel gas generator.

10. The fuel gas generator of claim 1, further comprising an RF transmitter coupled to the capacity detection mechanism for transmitting the measure related to the amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing.

8. A fuel gas generator for providing fuel gas to a fuel cell, comprising:

a housing defining a cavity;

a solid fuel situated in the cavity of the housing, the solid fuel only filling part of the cavity leaving an open volume within the cavity that is substantially free of solid fuel, wherein a reaction front is initially disposed between the solid fuel and the open volume;

an input port and an output port, each of the input port and output port being in fluid communication with the open volume;

a capacity detection mechanism having a first portion disposed at least partially within the solid fuel and a second portion disposed at least partially within the open volume, with the reaction front initially situated between the first portion and the second portion of the capacity detection mechanism, said reaction front moving within the solid fuel towards the first portion during use of the fuel gas generator, the capacity detection mechanism providing a measure related to an amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing based on a current position of the reaction front relative to the capacity detection mechanism;

wherein the capacity detection mechanism comprises two or more indicator elements initially disposed at varying depths within the solid fuel, and as the reaction front moves within the solid fuel towards the first portion during use of the fuel gas generator, at least one of the two or more indicator elements change color upon exposure to one or more of water, reaction products, and/or reaction byproducts.

9. A fuel gas generator for providing fuel gas to a fuel cell, comprising

a housing defining a cavity;

a solid fuel situated in the cavity of the housing, the solid fuel only filling part of the cavity leaving an open volume within the cavity that is substantially free of solid fuel, wherein a reaction front is initially disposed between the solid fuel and the open volume;

an input port and an output port, each of the input port and output port being in fluid communication with the open volume;

a capacity detection mechanism having a first portion disposed at least partially within the solid fuel and a second portion disposed at least partially within the open volume, with the reaction front initially situated between the first portion and the second portion of the capacity detection mechanism, said reaction front moving within the solid fuel towards the first portion during use of the fuel gas generator, the capacity detection mechanism providing a measure related to an amount of solid fuel remaining in the cavity of the housing based on a current position of the reaction front relative to the capacity detection mechanism;

wherein the capacity detection mechanism comprises two or more indicator elements initially disposed at varying depths within the solid fuel, and as the reaction front moves towards the first portion during use of the fuel gas generator,

an optical fiber that permits viewing of at least some of the two or more indicator elements from a position external to the housing.

11. The fuel gas generator of claim 9, wherein the fuel gas generator is configured to generate fuel gas usable by a downstream fuel cell.

12. The fuel gas generator of claim 11, wherein the fuel gas generator is configured to produce hydrogen gas.

13. A method for providing a measure related to an amount of solid fuel remaining in a fuel gas generator, wherein the fuel gas generator includes a housing defining a cavity, a solid fuel situated in the cavity, where the solid fuel only fills part of the cavity leaving an open volume within the cavity that is substantially free of solid fuel, with a reaction front initially situated between the solid fuel and the open volume, wherein the reaction front moves within the solid fuel as the solid fuel is consumed within the fuel gas generator, the method comprising:

providing water or water vapor to the open volume within the cavity of the housing, wherein the water or water vapor reacts with the solid fuel to produce a fuel gas for a downstream fuel cell;

providing a capacity detection mechanism across the reaction front such that at least part of the capacity detection mechanism is initially buried in the solid fuel;

exposing at least part of the capacity detection mechanism that is initially buried in the solid fuel to one or more of water, reaction products, and/or reaction byproducts that are formed within the solid fuel as the solid fuel is consumed by the fuel gas generator

wherein a value of at least one measurable parameter of the capacity detection mechanism changes in response to becoming exposed to the water, water vapor and/or other reaction products within the solid fuel; and

relating that measurable parameter to the amount of solid fuel remaining in the fuel gas generator

wherein the measurable parameter that is related to the amount of solid fuel remaining in the fuel gas generator is at least one of a visual representation of remaining solid fuel by a color change, an electrical signal, an audio signal, and/or other detectable representation of resistance.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the fuel gas is hydrogen gas.