Concave gas vent for electrochemical cell

• US 9,269,998 B2
• Filed: 03/12/2014
• Issued: 02/23/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Form Energy, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Fluidic, Inc.
• Inventors: Hayes, Joel, Goodfellow, Andrew
• Primary Examiner(s): RYAN, PATRICK J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Greso, Aaron
• Application Number:
  US14/207,148
• Publication Number:
  US 20140262760A1
• Time in Patent Office: 713 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 1/04 by electrolysis of water
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 15/08 Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 9/00 Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 12/08 composed of a half-cell of a fuel-cell type and a half-cell of the secondary-cell type
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/392 with means for neutralising or absorbing electrolyte; with means for preventing leakage of electrolyte through vent holes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/394 Gas-pervious parts or elements
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Abstract

The invention provides an electrochemical cell system comprising: a fuel electrode, an oxidant electrode for absorbing and reducing a gaseous oxidant, and an interior cell chamber configured to contain a volume of ionically conductive liquid therein. The ionically conductive liquid conducts ions between the fuel and oxidant electrodes. The oxidant electrode separates the ionically conductive liquid from the gaseous oxidant. A gas vent is configured to separate gas in the cell from a mist comprising the ionically conductive liquid and is positioned generally above the volume of ionically conductive liquid. The gas vent comprises a filter body portion comprised of at least one layer so as to absorb a portion of the ionically conductive liquid. The body portion is formed in a concave shape with an apex positioned towards the top of the cell in its upright orientation, and with body surfaces extending downwardly from said apex so as to drain absorbed ionically conductive medium back into the interior chamber. The body portion contains pores so as to permit permeation of the gas therethrough.

Claims

1. An electrochemical cell system comprising:

(i) a fuel electrode;

(ii) an oxidant electrode for absorbing and reducing a gaseous oxidant;

(iii) an interior cell chamber configured to contain a volume of ionically conductive liquid therein, wherein the ionically conductive liquid conducts ions between the fuel and oxidant electrodes, and wherein the oxidant electrode separates the ionically conductive liquid from the gaseous oxidant; and

(iv) a gas vent configured to separate gas in the cell from a mist comprising the ionically conductive liquid and positioned generally above the volume of ionically conductive liquid, the gas vent comprising;

a filter body portion comprised of at least one layer for absorbing a portion of the ionically conductive liquid;

wherein the filter body portion is formed in a concave shape with an apex directed upwardly in the cell'"'"'s upright orientation, and body surfaces extending downwardly from said apex so as to drain absorbed ionically conductive medium back into the interior cell chamber;

wherein the filter body portion contains pores so as to permit permeation of the gas therethrough.

2. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the concave shape is selected from the group of:

arched, domed, pyramidal, conical parabolic and combinations thereof.

3. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the at least one layer comprises an absorbent material.

4. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the at least one layer comprises a fibrous filter material.

5. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the at least one layer comprises a hygrophobic material.

6. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the at least one layer comprises polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, fluoropolymers, polyphenylene ethers, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, combinations and derivatives thereof.

7. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the at least one layer comprises a felt.

8. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the gas vent further comprises a liquid barrier layer such that, flow of ionically conductive medium from the interior cell chamber is precluded when the cell is inverted.

9. The electrochemical cell system of claim 8, wherein the liquid barrier layer comprises a hygrophobic material.

10. The electrochemical cell system of claim 8, wherein the liquid barrier layer comprises a hygrophobic membrane.

11. The electrochemical cell system of claim 8, wherein the liquid barrier layer comprises polypropylene, fluoropolymers, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, perfluoroalkoxy, fluorinated ethylene propylene, combinations and derivatives thereof.

12. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, further comprising a housing substantially surrounding the filter body portion so as to form a filter chamber.

13. The electrochemical cell system of claim 12, wherein a bottom portion of the housing is angled towards the volume of ionically conductive liquid such that excess amounts of the absorbed portion of the ionically conductive liquid in the filter chamber is directed towards the volume of the ionically conductive liquid.

14. The electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein the gas vent comprises a gas outlet configured to permit permeation of the gas therethrough, while preventing permeation of the ionically conductive liquid.

15. The electrochemical cell system of claim 14, wherein the gas vent comprises a hydrophobic membrane extending across the gas outlet.