Spatial-temporal deep brain stimulation methods and systems

• US 9,278,208 B1
• Filed: 09/30/2011
• Issued: 03/08/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation Inc. (State University System of Florida)
• Original Assignee: University of Central Florida Research Foundation Inc. (State University System of Florida)
• Inventors: Gilson, Richard D., Razack, Nizam
• Primary Examiner(s): Layno, Carl H
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ghand, Jennifer
• Application Number:
  US13/250,362
• Time in Patent Office: 1,621 Days
• Field of Search: 607/45, 607/116
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4064 Evaluating the brain A61B5/031, A61B5/369, A61B5/14553 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4082 Diagnosing or monitoring movement diseases, e.g. Parkinson, Huntington or Tourette
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0534 Electrodes for deep brain stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0539 Anchoring of brain electrode systems, e.g. within burr hole
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36064 Epilepsy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36067 Movement disorders, e.g. tremor or Parkinson disease stimulating motor muscle A61N1/36003
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36082 Cognitive or psychiatric applications, e.g. dementia or Alzheimer's disease
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37282 characterised by communication with experts in remote locations using a network

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for a deep brain stimulation device using miniaturized components that allow integration with the implanted probe, and includes a skull-sited housing having all the controls and battery power supply for sensing events and generating and transmitting pulses in response to the sensed event. A processor based controller with memory within the skull-sited housing for executing monitoring instructions for sensing initiation of an unwanted electro-physiologically signaled event and recording the event in memory and triggering instructions for activating the stimulator to generate and record a treatment pulse in response to the sensed event and an interface between the processor based controller and a treatment provider for downloading the recorded event and treatment response and modifying the monitoring and triggering sets of instructions.

Claims

1. A system for providing deep brain stimulation in response to a sensed brain tremor, comprising:

a single cylindrical disc housing with a single bottom housing with side edges and a single removable top with perimeter side edges that overlap the side edges of the single bottom housing,

a single elongated lead extending between a center portion of the bottom of the single cylindrical disc housing with a plurality of electrodes with each electrode being used to both sense a single brain tremor and generate pulses therefrom, wherein at least one of the electrodes senses the tremor, and at least the same electrode generates the pulses therefrom targeting a location which emits the single brain tremor, the single lead being adapted to be implanted into only a single opening in the skull while the single cylindrical disc housing remains mounted as cap on top of the skull of the user,

a pulse stimulator inside a compartment of the single cylindrical disc housing and only being activated to generate a pulse stimulation upon sensing a tremor from one of the plurality of electrodes,

a sensing detection circuitry,

controls for activating the pulse stimulator upon sensing of the single brain tremor and deactivating the pulse stimulator when a tremor is not being sensed,

a battery power supply for providing power to the pulse stimulator only upon sensing the single brain tremor and along with the controls turning off the pulse stimulator after the sensing detection circuitry has been turned on;

a processing device with memory to execute a set of instructions to record physiological data of the sensed tremor and a response to the sensed tremor; and

an interface for downloading the recorded physiological data.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, at least two of the electrodes senses the tremor, and at least one of the two electrodes generates the pulses therefrom targeting a location which emits the single brain tremor.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the interface is a wireless interface to automatically transmit recorded physiological data to an external computer.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the interface is a wireless interface to allow a treatment provider to modify the response to the sensed tremor.

2. The system of 1, wherein the plurality of electrodes includes:

four electrodes for transmitting and receiving on the single elongated lead.

6. A system for providing deep brain stimulation in response to a sensed brain tremor, comprising:

a single cylindrical disc housing with a single bottom housing with side edges and a single removable top with perimeter side edges that overlap the side edges of the single bottom housing,

a single elongated lead extending between a center portion of the bottom of the single cylindrical disc housing with a plurality of electrodes with each electrode being used to both sense a single brain tremor and generate pulses therefrom, wherein at least one of the electrodes senses the tremor, and at least the same electrode generates the pulses therefrom targeting a location which emits the single brain tremor, the single lead being adapted to be implanted into only a single opening in the skull while the single cylindrical disc housing remains mounted as cap on top of the skull of the user,

a pulse stimulator inside a compartment of the single cylindrical disc housing and only being activated to generate a pulse stimulation upon sensing a tremor from one of the plurality of electrodes,

a sensing detection circuitry,

controls for activating the pulse stimulator upon sensing of the single brain tremor and deactivating the pulse stimulator when a tremor is not being sensed,

a battery power supply for providing power to the pulse stimulator only upon sensing the single brain tremor and along with the controls turning off the pulse stimulator after the sensing detection circuitry has been turned on; and

a video camera to provide visual feedback of a patient receiving deep brain stimulation via an internet connection to a remote location physician.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the internet connection is an online video telephone service transmitting realtime audio and video.

8. A deep brain stimulation system with remote monitoring controls, comprising:

a cap mounted housing having an elongated lead extending from the cap mounted device, the lead adapted to be implanted into a head of a patient,

a plurality of electrodes on the lead for sensing tremors and generating pulses therefrom directed toward the tremors, wherein at least one of the electrodes senses at least one of the tremors, and at least the same electrode generates the pulses therefrom targeting a location which emits the brain tremors sensed;

a processor based controller having monitoring instructions for sensing initiation of an unwanted electro-physiologically signaled event and recording the event in memory, and a set of triggering instructions for activating a stimulator to generate at least one treatment pulse from the electrodes and record physiological data from the treatment pulse in the memory,

a transmission medium for sending the recorded physiological data to a remote monitoring location, and

another transmission medium for sending treatment instructions to a treatment provider station for modifying the monitoring and triggering sets of instructions in the processor.

9. The system of claim 8, further comprising:

a video camera for providing feedback images via an internet connection to the remote monitoring location, wherein the treatment instructions are based on both the recorded physiological data and the visual feedback images.