Solution polymers including one or more 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds, solution polymerization methods, and polymer compositions
First Claim
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1. A process for polymerizing a block copolymer comprising:
- anionically polymerizing at least one monomer including a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution;
wherein the at least one monomer includes a first monomer; and
the process comprises the steps of;
i) mixing at least the first monomer and a solvent to form a solution including the first monomer and the solvent;
ii) adding an initiator;
iii) anionically polymerizing the first monomer in the presence of the solvent to form a first polymer block including the first monomer and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the first polymer block has a reactive chain end;
iv) after polymerizing the first polymer block, adding at least a second monomer to the solvent to form a solution including the second monomer and the solvent, wherein the second monomer is different from the first;
v) reacting the second monomer to the reactive chain end of the first polymer block; and
vi) anionically polymerizing the second monomer to form a second polymer block including the second monomer and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the second polymer block has a reactive chain end, and the composition of second polymer block is different from the composition of the first polymer block;
wherein the first monomer or the second monomer is a first 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound, the concentration of the first 1,1-disubstituted alkene is greater than 50 weight percent based on the total weight of the entire block copolymer, and the first polymer block or the second polymer block has a glass transition temperature of 50°
C. or more.
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Abstract
The present teachings show that it is possible to polymerize 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in a solution (for example using one or more solvents). Polymerization of 1,1-disubstituted alkene compounds in an solution provides opportunities to better control the polymerization compared with bulk polymerization. The solution polymerization techniques can be employed for preparing homopolymers, copolymers (e.g., random copolymers), and block copolymers.
185 Citations
24 Claims
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1. A process for polymerizing a block copolymer comprising:
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anionically polymerizing at least one monomer including a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution; wherein the at least one monomer includes a first monomer; and the process comprises the steps of; i) mixing at least the first monomer and a solvent to form a solution including the first monomer and the solvent; ii) adding an initiator; iii) anionically polymerizing the first monomer in the presence of the solvent to form a first polymer block including the first monomer and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the first polymer block has a reactive chain end; iv) after polymerizing the first polymer block, adding at least a second monomer to the solvent to form a solution including the second monomer and the solvent, wherein the second monomer is different from the first; v) reacting the second monomer to the reactive chain end of the first polymer block; and vi) anionically polymerizing the second monomer to form a second polymer block including the second monomer and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the second polymer block has a reactive chain end, and the composition of second polymer block is different from the composition of the first polymer block; wherein the first monomer or the second monomer is a first 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound, the concentration of the first 1,1-disubstituted alkene is greater than 50 weight percent based on the total weight of the entire block copolymer, and the first polymer block or the second polymer block has a glass transition temperature of 50°
C. or more. - View Dependent Claims (6, 11, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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2. A process comprising:
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anionically polymerizing at least one monomer including a 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound in solution; wherein the at least one monomer includes a first monomer; and the process comprises the steps of; i) mixing at least the first monomer and a solvent to form a solution including the first monomer and the solvent;
wherein the first monomer is a first 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound;ii) adding an initiator; iii) anionically polymerizing the first monomer in the presence of the solvent to form a first polymer block including the first 1,1-disubstituted alkene compound and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the first polymer block has a reactive chain end; iv) after polymerizing the first polymer block, adding at least a second monomer to the solvent to form a solution including the second monomer and the solvent, wherein the second monomer is different from the first monomer; v) reacting the second monomer to the reactive chain end of the first polymer block; and vi) anionically polymerizing the second monomer to form a second polymer block including the second monomer and having a weight average molecular weight of about 1000 daltons or more, wherein the second polymer block has a reactive chain end, and the composition of second polymer block is different from the composition of the first polymer block. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification