Deicing system in sodar systems

• US 9,279,821 B2
• Filed: 09/23/2009
• Issued: 03/08/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Vaisala Oyj
• Original Assignee: Vaisala Oyj
• Inventors: LaWhite, Niels, Manfredi, Louis, Jobin, Michael, Sass, Walter L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Huson, Gregory
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gorman, Eric
• Application Number:
  US12/565,078
• Publication Number:
  US 20100071890A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,358 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 5/24 by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/885 Meteorological systems

Abstract

A system for heating the sound-reflective mirror surface of a phased array monostatic sodar apparatus. The system has a heat source located at a position that is spaced from the mirror, a control system that controls the operation of the heat source, a working fluid that is heated by the heat source and used to transfer heat from the source to the mirror, and a delivery system that constrains the heated working fluid and delivers it from the heat source to the mirror.

Claims

1. A system for heating surfaces within a remote SODAR apparatus, the system comprising:

a transducer array comprising a plurality of acoustic transducers;

a sound mirror comprising a rear surface and a sound-reflective surface, wherein the sound-reflective surface is disposed opposite the transducer array and on an opposite side of the sound mirror as the rear surface;

a drain path leading out of the remote SODAR apparatus;

a heater;

a closed loop system coupled with the rear surface of the sound mirror and coupled with the heater, the closed loop system comprising channels and a liquid disposed within the channels, the closed loop system arranged to circulate heated liquid within the channels from the heater to the rear surface of the sound mirror and proximate the drain path;

one or more conductive structures thermally coupled with the closed loop system and the rear surface of the sound mirror;

sensors that sense precipitation and temperature; and

a controller coupled with the sensors and the heater, the controller configured to cause the heater to heat the liquid in the closed loop system in response to either or both sensed precipitation and sensed temperature from the sensors.

2. The system of claim 1 where the heater is fueled by a combustible gas.

3. The system of claim 2 where the combustible gas is propane, and where the heater operates catalytically, oxidizing the propane without an open flame.

4. The system of claim 1 where the closed loop system comprises an electrically driven pump that circulates the liquid from the heater to the sound mirror, proximate the drain path and rear surface.

5. The system of claim 4 further comprising the one or more conductive structures to which one or more of the enclosed channels are coupled, the conductive structures sized and shaped so as to conform to the outside surface of the channels over a majority of the channel'"'"'s circumference, and with a generally flat surface that is coupled to the rear surface of the sound mirror, to accomplish the effective thermal connection between the channels and the sound mirror.

6. The system of claim 5 further comprising a thermally conductive epoxy adhesive used to make a joint of low resistance to heat transfer between the conductive structures and the sound mirror.

7. The system of claim 6 where the thermally conductive epoxy adhesive is additionally used to make a joint of low resistance to heat transfer between the enclosed channel and the conductive structure.

8. The system of claim 7 in which the enclosed channels, the conductive structures and the sound mirror are all made of a same metal.

9. The system of claim 5 further comprising a thermally conductive grease used to make a junction of low resistance to heat transfer between the conductive structure and the enclosed channel, the conductive grease allowing the channel and the conductive structure to shift relative to each other as necessary so as to minimize damaging stresses in either component due to differential thermal expansion.

10. The system of claim 4 in which the heater further comprises a solar heating panel through which the liquid can also be circulated, to provide supplemental solar heat to the liquid.

11. The system of claim 1 where the liquid is circulated by convection.

12. The system of claim 4 in which the closed loop system is coupled to the sound mirror so as to provide a transfer of heat to substantially all of the rear surface of the sound mirror.

13. The system of claim 12 in which the liquid circulates by a pump or convection.

14. The system of claim 4 in which the liquid is an antifreeze solution.

15. The system of claim 1 where the heater comprises a solar panel.

16. The system of claim 1 where the heater comprises an internal combustion engine with a liquid cooling system within the closed loop system, thereby sharing the liquid between the heater and the cooling system of the internal combustion engine.

17. The system of claim 1 in which the controller comprises a sensor or system to sense precipitation, an ambient temperature sensor and a sound mirror temperature sensor that senses the temperature of the sound mirror, wherein the controller turns on the heater upon the simultaneous detection of precipitation and an ambient temperature or a sound mirror temperature close to or below the freezing point of water.

18. The system of claim 17 in which the controller turns off the heater when the sound mirror temperature reaches at least a certain temperature above freezing.

19. The system of claim 1 in which the liquid comprises a low boiling point fluid.

20. A system for heating surfaces within a remote SODAR apparatus, the system comprising:

a transducer array comprising a plurality of acoustic transducers;

a sound mirror comprising a rear surface and a sound-reflective surface, wherein the sound-reflective surface is disposed opposite the transducer array and on an opposite side of the sound mirror as the rear surface;

a drain path leading out of the remote SODAR apparatus;

a closed loop which comprises one or more enclosed liquid-carrying channels and comprising a liquid disposed within the liquid-carrying channels, wherein the liquid comprises a liquid antifreeze solution;

a heater fueled by propane and operating catalytically to oxidize the propane without an open flame to heat the liquid disposed within a portion of the liquid-carrying channels;

an electrically driven pump that circulates the liquid through the liquid carrying channels from the heater to the rear surface of the sound mirror and proximate the drain path;

one or more conductive structures to which one or more of the enclosed liquid-carrying channels are coupled, the conductive structures sized and shaped so as to conform to the outside surface of the channels over a majority of the channel'"'"'s circumference and with a generally flat surface that is coupled to the rear surface of the sound mirror, to accomplish the effective thermal connection between the channels and the sound mirror;

a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the sound mirror;

a precipitation sensor;

a controller that controls the operation of the heater, wherein the controller turns on the heater upon the simultaneous detection of precipitation from the precipitation sensor and a sound mirror temperature from the temperature sensor that is close to or below the freezing point of water, and turns off the heater when the sound mirror temperature reaches at least a certain temperature above freezing; and

a thermally conductive epoxy adhesive used to make a joint of low resistance to heat transfer between the conductive structures and the sound mirror, and also used to make a joint of low resistance to heat transfer between the enclosed channels and the conductive structures, and in which the enclosed channels, the conductive structures and the sound mirror are all made of a same metal.