Power receiving device, power transmitting device, vehicle, and contactless power supply system

• US 9,283,859 B2
• Filed: 06/14/2012
• Issued: 03/15/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/17/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Ichikawa, Shinji, Nakamura, Toru, Nakamura, Kouji
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Arun
• Application Number:
  US14/124,910
• Publication Number:
  US 20140132212A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,370 Days
• Field of Search: 320/108
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/147 electro magnetic [EMI]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/18 for batteries; for accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00034 Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A power supply system includes: a power transmitting device that includes a power transmitting unit; and a vehicle that includes a power receiving unit, and contactlessly transfers electric power between the power transmitting device and the vehicle through electromagnetic resonance. When there is an abnormality that a power receiving mechanism of the vehicle cannot receive electric power, a vehicle ECU causes the power transmitting device to stop power transmission, opens a relay and further discharges remaining electric power by the discharging unit.

Claims

1. A power receiving device for contactlessly receiving electric power, transferred from a power transmitting device, through electromagnetic resonance, comprising:

a power receiving unit configured to carry out electromagnetic resonance with a power transmitting unit included in the power transmitting device to receive electric power from the power transmitting device;

a discharging unit configured to discharge received electric power received by the power receiving unit when there is an abnormality in the power receiving device;

an electrical storage device configured to store the received electric power; and

a rectifier configured to rectify the received electric power, wherein

the discharging unit is connected between a pair of power lines that connect the rectifier to the electrical storage device.

2. The power receiving device according to claim 1,

wherein

the discharging unit is configured to consume the received electric power to suppress supply of the received electric power to the electrical storage device when there is the abnormality in the power receiving device.

3. The power receiving device according to claim 2, wherein

the discharging unit includes a resistor that discharges the received electric power.

4. The power receiving device according to claim 3, wherein

the resistor is used at the time of determining a relative position between the power transmitting device and the power receiving device.

5. The power receiving device according to claim 3, further comprising:

a control unit configured to control the discharging unit, wherein

the discharging unit further includes a first switching unit that is connected in series with the resistor, and

the control unit is configured to place the first switching unit in a conductive state when the received electric power is discharged, and places the first switching unit in a non-conductive state when the received electric power is not discharged.

6. The power receiving device according to claim 5, wherein

the control unit is configured to place the first switching unit in the non-conductive state when a predetermined period of time during which the received electric power is discharged by the discharging unit to a level below a predetermined threshold from when the first switching unit is placed in the conductive state has elapsed.

7. The power receiving device according to claim 1, further comprising:

a control unit configured to control the discharging unit; and

a second switching unit provided in one of the power lines that connect the discharging unit to the electrical storage device, wherein

the control unit configured to place the second switching unit in a conductive state when the electrical storage device is charged with the received electric power, and places the second switching unit in a non-conductive state when the received electric power is discharged.

8. The power receiving device according to claim 1, further comprising:

a control unit configured to control the discharging unit; and

a second switching unit provided in one of the power lines that connect the discharging unit to the rectifier, wherein

the control unit is configured to place the second switching unit in a conductive state when the electrical storage device is charged with the received electric power, and places the second switching unit in a non-conductive state when the received electric power is discharged.

9. A vehicle comprising:

the power receiving device according to claim 1; and

a driving device configured to use electric power received by the power receiving device to generate running driving force.

10. A power transmitting device for contactlessly transferring electric power to a power receiving device through electromagnetic resonance, comprising:

a power transmitting unit configured to carry out electromagnetic resonance with a power receiving unit included in the power receiving device to transfer electric power;

a power supply device configured to supply electric power to the power transmitting unit; and

a control unit configured to control power transmission in the power supply device, wherein

the power receiving device includes;

a discharging unit that discharges received electric power received by the power receiving unit when there is an abnormality in the power receiving device,

an electrical storage device configured to store the received electric power; and

a rectifier configured to rectify the received electric power, wherein

the discharging unit is connected between a pair of power lines that connect the rectifier to the electrical storage device, and

the control unit is configured to stop the power transmission in response to a signal that indicates instructions for stopping the power transmission and that is received from the power receiving device when the received electric power is discharged by the discharging unit.

11. A contactless power supply system for contactlessly transferring electric power through electromagnetic resonance, comprising:

a power transmitting device including a power transmitting unit;

a power receiving device including a power receiving unit that carries out electromagnetic resonance with the power transmitting unit; and

a control unit configured to control transfer of electric power from the power transmitting device to the power receiving device, wherein

the power receiving device includes;

a discharging unit that discharges received electric power received by the power receiving unit when there is an abnormality in the power receiving device;

an electrical storage device configured to store the received electric power; and

a rectifier configured to rectify the received electric power, wherein

the discharging unit is connected between a pair of power lines that connect the rectifier to the electrical storage device.