Systems and methods for estimation of a population of passive RFID sensors

• US 9,286,495 B2
• Filed: 03/11/2014
• Issued: 03/15/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/11/2013
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Mojix Inc
• Original Assignee: Mojix Inc
• Inventors: Sadr, Ramin
• Primary Examiner(s): Mehmood, Jennifer
• Assistant Examiner(s): Casillashernandez, Oscar
• Application Number:
  US14/205,279
• Publication Number:
  US 20140253293A1
• Time in Patent Office: 735 Days
• Field of Search: 340/10.1, 340/10.2, 370229-240
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10009 sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10019 resolving collision on the communication channels between simultaneously or concurrently interrogated record carriers. collision between the communication channels used by wireless communication devices, where the solution is not particularly adapted for RFIDs or the like, H04W74/08
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10029 the collision being resolved in the time domain, e.g. using binary tree search or RFID responses allocated to a random time slot

Abstract

Systems and methods for providing an estimate of a population of passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors in a coverage area of an RFID reader system are disclosed. In accordance with embodiments of this invention, the contention resolutions or results of each slot in an interrogation receive frame are determined. The contention resolutions are then used to determine the probabilities of different population estimates. A population estimate is then selected as the population based on the probability of the estimate meeting predetermined criteria.

Claims

1. A method for estimating a population of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors in an area based upon responses during an interrogation frame processed by a processing system in a transceiver system receiving the responses comprising:

receiving responses from RFID sensors during a plurality of time slots of a receiving frame;

determining a contention resolution of each of the plurality of time slots;

determining a probability state for each of a plurality of population estimates based upon the contention resolution for each of the plurality of time slots;

where the probability state of a population estimate is a confidence in the population estimate based upon the contention resolution observed in the plurality of time slots of a particular receiving frame;

estimating a probability for each of the plurality of population estimates based on the probability state;

selecting one of the plurality of population estimates as a population based upon the estimated probability of the selected one of the plurality of population estimates meeting a predetermined criteria.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining of the probability state comprises:

traversing a state machine using the contention resolutions of the plurality of time slots to determine the probability state wherein the estimating of the probability for each of the plurality probability estimates is calculated based upon the determined state.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the determining of the probability state is performed by determining an address in a lookup table based upon the contention resolutions of the time slots and the probabilities of each population is read from the determined address in the lookup table.

4. The method of claim 3 further comprising populating the lookup table by determining a probability for each possible state for each of the plurality of slots and storing the probabilities of each possible state for each of the plurality of slots at an address in the lookup table corresponding to a particular state of a slot.

5. The method claim 1 wherein the contention resolution of each of the plurality of slots is selected from one of a singleton response, an empty response, a captured response, and a deleted response wherein a singleton response and a captured response advance the probability state to a next probability state;

and the empty response and deleted response cause the probability state to remain in the same state.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising transmitting an interrogation signal prior to the response frame.

7. The method claim 1 further comprising transmitting an acknowledgement sachet to an RFID sensor in response to a proper decoding of the RFID sensor information from the RFID sensor to prevent transmission in subsequent time slots.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining all the sensors in an area have been interrogated based upon the population estimate.

13. The device of claim 1 wherein the contention resolution of each of the plurality of slots is selected from one of a singleton response, an empty response, a captured response, and a deleted response wherein a singleton response and a captured response advance the probability state to a next probability state;

and the empty response and deleted response cause the probability state to remain in the same state.

9. A device for providing an estimate of a population of passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors in a coverage area of a RFID reader system comprising:

a memory; and

a processor configured via one or more applications stored in the memory to;

receive responses from RFID sensors during a plurality of time slots of a receiving frame,

determine a contention resolution of each of the plurality of time slots where the probability state of a population estimate is a confidence in the population estimate based upon the contention resolution observed in the plurality of time slots of a particular receiving frame;

determine a probability state for each of a plurality of population estimates based upon the contention resolutions of the plurality of time slots,

estimate a probability for each of the plurality of population estimates based on the probability state for each of the plurality of population estimates, and

select one of the plurality of population estimates as a population based upon the estimated probability of the selected one of the plurality of population estimates meeting a predetermined criteria.

10. The device of claim 9 wherein the configuration of the processor to determine the probability state of each of the plurality of population estimates includes configuring the processor to traverse a state machine using the contention resolutions of the plurality of time slots to determine the probability state wherein the estimating of the probabilities for each of the plurality of population estimates is calculated based upon the determined state.

11. The device of claim 9 wherein the configuration of the processor to determine of the probability state is performed by configuring the processor to determine an address in a lookup table based upon the contention resolutions of the time slots and the probabilities of each of the plurality of population estimates is read from the determined address in the lookup table.

12. The device of claim 11 wherein the processor is further configured to populate the lookup table by determining a probability for each possible state for each of the plurality of slots and storing the probabilities of each possible state for each slot at an address in the lookup table corresponding to a particular state of a slot.

14. The device of claim 9 wherein the processor is further configured to direct the RFID reader system to transmit an interrogation signal prior to the response frame.

15. The device of claim 9 wherein the processor is further configured to generate an acknowledgement sachet and direct the RFID reader system to transmit the acknowledgement sachet to an RFID sensor in response to a proper decoding of the RFID sensor information from the RFID sensor to prevent transmission in subsequent time slots.

16. The device of claim 9 wherein the processor is further configured to determine that all the sensors in the coverage area of the RFID reader system have been interrogated based upon the population estimate.

17. A non-transitory machine readable medium containing processor instructions, where execution of the instructions by a processor causes the processor to perform a process for estimating a population of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors in an area based upon responses during an interrogation frame processed by a processing system in a transceiver system receiving the responses comprising:

receiving responses from RFID sensors during a plurality of time slots of a receiving frame;

determining a contention resolution of each of the plurality of time slots;

determining a probability state for each of a plurality of population estimates based upon the contention resolution for each of the plurality of time slots;

where the probability state of a population estimate is a confidence in the population estimate based upon the contention resolution observed in the plurality of time slots of a particular receiving frame;

estimating a probability for each of the plurality of population estimates based on the probability state;

selecting one of the plurality of population estimates as a population based upon the estimated probability of the selected one of the plurality of population estimates meeting a predetermined criteria.