Method and apparatus for performing a navigated procedure
First Claim
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1. A system to track and determine a location of an instrument relative to a subject, comprising:
- an alignment system including an alignment base configured to be fixed directly to the subject with a fixing member and a trajectory portion operable to selectively move relative to the alignment base and be fixed relative to the alignment base, wherein the trajectory portion has at least two slots therethrough to allow movement of the trajectory portion relative to the alignment base;
a drive system supported by the alignment system and configured to drive the instrument into the subject, wherein the drive system has an instrument engaging portion and a drive base to be connected directly to the trajectory portion, wherein the instrument engaging portion is moveable relative to the drive base that is connected to the trajectory portion;
a subject tracking device configured to be connected directly to the subject separate and spaced apart from the alignment system;
a drive system tracking device connected to the drive system having at least a first tracking device portion and an alignment system tracking device connected to the alignment system having at least a second tracking device portion; and
a tracking system configured to track the subject tracking device, the alignment system tracking device, and the drive system tracking device.
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Abstract
A system can be used to navigate or guide an instrument or device into an anatomy of a patient. The navigation can occur with the use of image data acquired of the patient. The image data can be registered to the patient space for navigation. One or more tracking devices can be the associated with the patient and with guiding instruments for tracking guiding devices relative to the patient.
142 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A system to track and determine a location of an instrument relative to a subject, comprising:
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an alignment system including an alignment base configured to be fixed directly to the subject with a fixing member and a trajectory portion operable to selectively move relative to the alignment base and be fixed relative to the alignment base, wherein the trajectory portion has at least two slots therethrough to allow movement of the trajectory portion relative to the alignment base; a drive system supported by the alignment system and configured to drive the instrument into the subject, wherein the drive system has an instrument engaging portion and a drive base to be connected directly to the trajectory portion, wherein the instrument engaging portion is moveable relative to the drive base that is connected to the trajectory portion; a subject tracking device configured to be connected directly to the subject separate and spaced apart from the alignment system; a drive system tracking device connected to the drive system having at least a first tracking device portion and an alignment system tracking device connected to the alignment system having at least a second tracking device portion; and a tracking system configured to track the subject tracking device, the alignment system tracking device, and the drive system tracking device. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A system to track and determine a location of an instrument relative to a subject, comprising:
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an alignment system operable to be connected to the subject having a trajectory portion operable to be moved relative to the subject at an alignment device selected position and a fixing portion operable to fix the trajectory portion relative to the subject, wherein the trajectory portion has at least two slots therethrough configured to allow movement of the trajectory portion relative to the subject; a drive system configured to be placed at a drive system selected position and to drive the instrument into the subject, wherein the drive system has a drive base to be connected to the trajectory portion, wherein the instrument is moveable relative to the drive base that is connected to the trajectory portion; a subject tracking device configured to be connected directly to the subject separate and spaced apart from the alignment system; a drive system tracking device connected to at least one of the alignment system and the drive system; a tracking system to track the subject tracking device and the drive system tracking device; and a navigation processor at least configured to; determine whether either of the alignment device or the drive system have moved from either of the alignment device selected position and drive system selected position while moving the instrument into the subject with the drive system and while guiding the instrument with the alignment device at least by tracking the subject tracking device relative to the drive system tracking device, generate an icon to illustrate a tracked position of the instrument relative to an icon of a planned path, and output an alert signal if it is determined that either of the alignment device or the drive system has moved from the respective selected positions relative to the subject tracking device. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A system to track and determine a location of an instrument relative to a subject, comprising:
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an alignment device having at least a base configured to be fixed directly to the subject at a first selected position and a trajectory guide configured to move relative to the base via a first slot and a second slot extending through the trajectory guide, wherein the alignment device is operable to align the instrument relative to the subject for a selected procedure to be performed on the subject; a drive system connected at a second selected position relative to the alignment device to drive the instrument into the subject for performing the selected procedure on the subject; a tracking system including; an alignment tracking device fixed to the alignment device, wherein the alignment tracking device is operable to allow tracking the alignment device; a drive system tracking device affixed to the drive system; and a subject tracking device configured to be connected directly to the subject spaced apart and separate from the alignment device to allow tracking of the subject; wherein the tracking system is configured to generate a tracking signal regarding a tracked location of at least one of the alignment tracking device, the drive system tracking device, or the subject tracking device; and a navigation processor configured to, with the generated tracking signal; determine whether either of the alignment device or the drive system have moved from either of the first selected position or the second selected position while moving the instrument into the subject with the drive system and while guiding the instrument with the alignment device; and output a signal if it is determined that either of the alignment device or the drive system has moved from the respective selected positions. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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Specification