Instrumentation amplifier and signal amplification method

• US 9,294,048 B2
• Filed: 06/26/2014
• Issued: 03/22/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: IMEC International
• Original Assignee: IMEC International
• Inventors: Van Helleputte, Nick, Yazicioglu, Refet Firat
• Primary Examiner(s): Choe, Henry
• Application Number:
  US14/315,478
• Publication Number:
  US 20150002221A1
• Time in Patent Office: 635 Days
• Field of Search: 330/69, 330/260, 330/252
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/34 Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback H03F1/02 - H03F1/30, H03F1/38 - H03F1/50, H03F3/50 take precedence ; for rejection of common mode signals H03F3/45479
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/261 Amplifier which being suitable for instrumentation applications
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45084 the common mode signal circuit comprising one or more inductive or capacitive elements, e.g. filter circuitry
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45114 the differential amplifier contains another differential amplifier in its feedback circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2203/45116 Feedback coupled to the input of the differential amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45 Differential amplifiers differential sense amplifiers G11C7/062
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45932 by using feedback means H03F3/45968 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45941 Controlling the input circuit of the differential amplifier
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/68 Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics power amplifiers using a combination of several semiconductor amplifiers H03F3/211; combinations of amplifiers using coupling networks with distributed constants H03F3/602

Abstract

An instrumentation amplifier includes a first amplifier having one input connected to a first input of the instrumentation amplifier, a second amplifier having one input connected to a second input of the instrumentation amplifier, and a feedback network. The feedback network including an active filter having a first low pass filter characteristic with a first cut-off frequency in respect of differential mode signals at the first and second inputs of the instrumentation amplifier, and a second low pass filter characteristic with a second cut-off frequency in respect of common mode signals at the first and second inputs of the instrumentation amplifier. The disclosure also relates to a device for acquiring biopotential signals and a signal amplification method.

Claims

1. An instrumentation amplifier comprising:

a first amplifier having one input connected to a first input of the instrumentation amplifier;

a second amplifier having one input connected to a second input of the instrumentation amplifier; and

a feedback network comprising an active filter having a first low pass filter characteristic with a first cut-off frequency in respect of differential mode signals at the first and second inputs of the instrumentation amplifier, and a second low pass filter characteristic with a second cut-off frequency in respect of common mode signals at the first and second inputs of the instrumentation amplifier.

2. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the second cut-off frequency is higher than the first cut-off frequency.

3. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the feedback network has a gain of more than 1 (one) for common mode signals at the first and second inputs of the instrumentation amplifier at 50 Hz and/or at 60 Hz.

4. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first and second amplifiers are combined forming a dual difference amplifier.

5. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the active filter comprises two low pass gm-C filters.

6. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 5, wherein each gm-C filter comprises a transconductance amplifier and a capacitor.

7. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 6, wherein at least one capacitor is a parasitic capacitor.

8. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first and second amplifiers each have a non-inverting input and an inverting input, wherein the first and second inputs are provided to the non-inverting inputs, and wherein the feedback network further comprises:

a first low pass gm-C filter connected between the output or an intermediate node and the inverting input of the first amplifier;

a second low pass gm-C filter connected between the output or an intermediate node and the inverting input of the second amplifier; and

a capacitor connected between the inverting inputs of the first and second amplifiers.

9. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, further comprising a common mode feedback circuit, which comprises a resistive divider connected between the outputs of the first and second amplifiers, and a comparator for comparing the divider output with a reference voltage, wherein the comparison result is provided to the feedback network.

10. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the first cut-off frequency is less than the signal bandwidth of interest of the differential input signals.

11. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 10, wherein the first cut-off frequency is 0.5 Hz or lower.

12. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the second cut-off frequency is higher than expected common mode aggressors.

13. The instrumentation amplifier according to claim 12, wherein the second cut-off frequency is 200 Hz or higher.

14. A device for acquiring biopotential signals comprising an instrumentation amplifier as recited in claim 1.

15. A signal amplification method, comprising:

amplifying a first input signal using a first amplifier;

amplifying a second input signal using a second amplifier; and

in a feedback network connected to the first and second amplifiers;

applying a first low pass filter characteristic to differential mode signals between the first and second input signals thereby to pass differential DC signals and block differential mode signals at the frequencies of interest; and

applying a second low pass filter characteristic to common mode signals between the first and second inputs signals thereby to pass and amplify common mode signals.