Patient selectable joint arthroplasty devices and surgical tools

• US 9,295,482 B2
• Filed: 06/17/2011
• Issued: 03/29/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Inventors: Fitz, Wolfgang, Lang, Philipp, Bojarski, Raymond A., Steines, Daniel
• Primary Examiner(s): Philogene, Pedro
• Application Number:
  US13/163,121
• Publication Number:
  US 20110295329A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,747 Days
• Field of Search: 606 86 R- 89, 606/80, 606/82, 606/96, 606/98, 606/79, 606/102, 623/14.12, 623/16.11, 295/271, 295/57, 128/898
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/154 for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/158 Cutting patella
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1666 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1668 for the upper femur A61B17/164 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1675 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1739 specially adapted for particular parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1746 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1767 for the patella
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/568 produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/063 for measuring volume
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4504 Bones A61B5/4547 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4514 : Cartilage
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4523 : Tendons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 : Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4533 : Ligaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/06 : Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30756 : Cartilage endoprostheses A61F2/3603 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 : for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 : for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3877 : Patellae or trochleae
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3895 : unicompartimental
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 : Products made by additive manufacturing

Abstract

A patellar 3-D guidance tool includes a template. The template includes at least one contact surface for engaging a surface of the patella. The at least one contact surface substantially conforms with the surface associated with the patellar. At least one guide aperture directs movement of a surgical instrument, wherein the shape and/or position of the guide aperture is based, at least in part, on three or more anatomic reference points associated with the patellar.

Claims

1. A joint arthroplasty system for repairing a diseased or damaged joint of a patientcomprising:

an implant; and

a patient-specific surgical instrument configured to facilitate the placement of the implant into the diseased or damaged joint, the instrument comprising;

a patient-specific surface for engaging a corresponding portion of the diseased or damaged joint, the patient-specific surface including cartilage information derived from image data of the diseased or damaged joint, wherein the corresponding portion of the diseased or damaged joint includes an osteophyte, wherein the patient-specific surface references the osteophyte when the patient-specific surface is engaged and aligned with the corresponding portion of the diseased or damaged joint; and

a guide sized and shaped to accommodate a surgical tool, wherein the guide has a position and orientation relative to the patient-specific surface to provide a predetermined path for the surgical tool.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient-specific surgical instrument is configured such that the patient-specific surface extends over but does not engage a second osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint when the patient-specific surface is engaged and aligned with the corresponding portion of the diseased or damaged joint.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient-specific surgical instrument is configured such that the patient-specific surface extends over but substantially does not engage a second osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint when the patient-specific surface is engaged and aligned with the corresponding portion of the diseased or damaged joint.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to substantially engage the osteophyte.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to substantially engage a portion of the osteophyte.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the surgical tool is selected from the group consisting of:

a drill, a saw, a reamer, a k-wire, a curette, a screw, and any combination thereof.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the instrument is comprised of multiple components.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the patient-specific surface and the guide are contained in a single component.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the diseased or damaged joint is selected from the group consisting of a knee joint, a hip joint, a shoulder joint, an ankle joint, an elbow joint, and a wrist joint.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the implant is selected from a library of preexisting implants.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein the selected implant is further manipulated based, at least in part on the image data of the diseased or damaged joint.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the implant is a patient-specific implant created using the image data of the diseased or damaged joint.

13. A joint arthroplasty system for use in surgically repairing a diseased or damaged joint of a patient, comprising:

an implant; and

a block having a patient-specific surface and a guide;

the patient-specific surface having a first portion configured to have a shape that is substantially a negative of a subchondral bone surface of the diseased or damaged joint and a second portion configured to have a shape that is substantially a negative of a cortical bone surface of the diseased or damaged joint, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to reference an osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint; and

the guide being sized and shaped to accommodate a surgical tool and have a position and orientation relative to the patient-specific surface to provide a predetermined path for the surgical tool that is aligned through a portion of the diseased or damaged joint.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to engage at least a portion of the osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the implant is selected from a library of preexisting implants.

16. The system of claim 13, wherein the implant is created for the patient based, at least in part, on the image data of the diseased or damaged joint.

17. A joint arthroplasty system for use in surgically repairing a diseased or damaged joint of a patient, comprising:

an implant; and

a block having a patient-specific surface and a guide;

the patient-specific surface having a first portion configured to have a shape that is substantially a negative of an articular surface of the diseased or damaged joint, a second portion configured to have a shape that is substantially a negative of a cortical bone surface of the diseased or damaged joint, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to reference an osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint; and

the guide being sized and shaped to accommodate a surgical tool and have a position and orientation relative to the patient-specific surface to provide a predetermined path for the surgical tool that is aligned through a portion of the diseased or damaged joint.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the patient-specific surface is configured to engage at least a portion of the osteophyte of the diseased or damaged joint.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the implant is selected from a library of preexisting implants.

20. The system of claim 17, wherein the implant is created for the patient based, at least in part, on the image data of the diseased or damaged joint.