Direct densification method and system utilizing waste heat for on-board recovery and storage of CO;from motor vehicle internal combustion engine exhaust gases
First Claim
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1. A method for reducing the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle, the method comprising:
- a. introducing the hot exhaust gas stream into a first waste heat recovery zone on board the vehicle and passing the high temperature exhaust gas stream in heat exchange relation with a least one heat recovery device that converts waste heat into electricity and/or mechanical work and/or heat exchanger and discharging the exhaust stream from the waste heat recovery zone at a lower temperature,b. introducing the cooled exhaust gas stream from the first waste heat recovery zone into a densification zone and densifying the CO2 by reducing the temperature and volume of the CO2 utilizing the electricity and/or mechanical work produced by the recovery device, and producing a treated exhaust gas stream of reduced CO2 content;
c. separating the densified CO2 and the remaining treated exhaust stream in a separation zone;
d. discharging the treated exhaust stream from the separation zone; and
e. maintaining the densified CO2 in a storage zone for temporary storage on board the vehicle.
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Abstract
A method and system are described for on-board treatment of an exhaust stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere which include:
- a. a first waste heat recovery zone on board the vehicle for receiving the high temperature exhaust gas stream in heat exchange relation and discharging the exhaust stream at a lower temperature,
- the waste heat recovery zone further including at least one heat exchanger and/or heat recovery device with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream,
- the heat exchanger further including an inlet for receiving a heat exchange fluid at a first temperature and an outlet for discharging the fluid at a second higher temperature,
- the heat recovery device including power transmission means;
- b. a densification zone in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream discharge outlet from the first waste heat recovery zone, the densification zone including means for reducing the temperature and volume of the CO2 to at least liquefy the CO2, and to produce a treated exhaust gas stream of reduced CO2 content;
- c. a separation zone in communication with the densification zone and having a discharge outlet for the treated exhaust stream;
- d. storage zone for receiving the densified CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle; and
- e. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the separation zone.
- a. a first waste heat recovery zone on board the vehicle for receiving the high temperature exhaust gas stream in heat exchange relation and discharging the exhaust stream at a lower temperature,
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A method for reducing the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle, the method comprising:
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a. introducing the hot exhaust gas stream into a first waste heat recovery zone on board the vehicle and passing the high temperature exhaust gas stream in heat exchange relation with a least one heat recovery device that converts waste heat into electricity and/or mechanical work and/or heat exchanger and discharging the exhaust stream from the waste heat recovery zone at a lower temperature, b. introducing the cooled exhaust gas stream from the first waste heat recovery zone into a densification zone and densifying the CO2 by reducing the temperature and volume of the CO2 utilizing the electricity and/or mechanical work produced by the recovery device, and producing a treated exhaust gas stream of reduced CO2 content; c. separating the densified CO2 and the remaining treated exhaust stream in a separation zone; d. discharging the treated exhaust stream from the separation zone; and e. maintaining the densified CO2 in a storage zone for temporary storage on board the vehicle. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A system for on-board treatment of an exhaust gas stream containing CO2 emitted by a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle in order to reduce the amount of CO2 discharged into the atmosphere, the system comprising:
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a. a first waste heat recovery zone on board the vehicle for receiving the high temperature exhaust gas stream in heat exchange relation and discharging the exhaust stream at a lower temperature, the waste heat recovery zone including at least one heat exchanger with an inlet for receiving the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE for passage in heat exchange relation and an outlet for the cooled exhaust gas stream, the heat exchanger including at least one heat recovery device that converts waste heat into electricity and/or mechanical work, the heat exchanger further including an inlet for receiving a heat exchange fluid at a first temperature and an outlet for discharging the fluid at a second higher temperature; b. a densification zone in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream discharge outlet from the first waste heat recovery zone, the densification zone including apparatus for reducing the temperature and volume of the CO2 utilizing electricity and/or mechanical work produced in step (a), and producing a treated exhaust gas stream of reduced CO2 content; c. a separation zone in communication with the densification zone and having a discharge outlet for passage of the treated exhaust stream; d. a storage zone for receiving the densified CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle; and e. an exhaust gas conduit in fluid communication with the treated exhaust gas stream outlet from the separation zone. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17)
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Specification