Oxygenated fuel

• US 9,297,530 B2
• Filed: 06/09/2014
• Issued: 03/29/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 02/13/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Advanced Green Innovations, LLC
• Original Assignee: McAlister Technologies, LLC
• Inventors: McAlister, Roy E.
• Primary Examiner(s): SAVANI, AVINASH A
• Application Number:
  US14/299,767
• Publication Number:
  US 20150053161A1
• Time in Patent Office: 659 Days
• Field of Search: 431/2, 431/12, 110/92, 110/210, 110/300
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0006 Controlling or regulating processes controlling or regulating in general G05
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0013 Controlling the temperature of the process
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/127 Sunlight; Visible light
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/1812 Tubular reactors
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/20 in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/245 placed in series
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00074 by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00085 Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00144 Sunlight; Visible light
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00162 controlling the pressure
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00164 controlling the flow
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0801 Controlling the process
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0871 Heating or cooling of the reactor
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0875 Gas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/1203 Incoherent waves
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/187 inclined at an angle to the horizontal or to the vertical plane
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/24 Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0266 containing a decomposition step
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/04 containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0465 Composition of the impurity
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0485 : the impurity being a sulfur compound
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0811 : by combustion of fuel
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0822 : the fuel containing hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0872 : Methods of cooling
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0883 : by indirect heat exchange
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/02 : Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/24 : of hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/26 : using catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C10B 23/00 : Other methods of heating coke ovens
• CPC Class Codes: C10B 53/02 : of cellulose-containing material production of pyroligneous acid C10C5/00
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1284 : by renewable energy, e.g. solar energy, photovoltaic cells, wind
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1665 : to alcohols, e.g. methanol or ethanol preparation of alcohols in general C07C29/00
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1884 : with one stream being synthesis gas
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 2300/1892 : with one stream being water/steam
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/20 : Apparatus; Plants
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/72 : Other features
• CPC Class Codes: C10J 3/723 : Controlling or regulating the gasification process
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 5/02 : with pretreatment
• CPC Class Codes: F23G 7/00 : Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals incinerator closets A47K11/02; oxidation of sludge C02F11/06; burners in general, burner details F23D; incinerating radioactive waste G21F9/00
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 20/20 : Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 20/40 : Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 20/61 : Passive solar heat collectors, e.g. operated without external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: F24S 23/00 : Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
• CPC Class Codes: G01M 3/223 : for pipe joints or seals
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 1/405 : by adsorption or absorption
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2001/021 : Correlating sampling sites with geographical information, e.g. GPS
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00613 : Quality control
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00871 : Communications between instruments or with remote terminals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/20 : Solar thermal
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/40 : Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 20/12 : Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 50/10 : Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 50/30 : Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/32 : Hydrogen storage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/36 : Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/10 : Process efficiency
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/129 : Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 20/133 : Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 : Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

Techniques, systems, apparatus and material are disclosed for generating oxygenated fuel. In one aspect, a method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system includes dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors. The biomass waste produced carbon donors are reacted with an oxygen donor to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon. Reacting the carbon donors with the oxygen donors includes applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source to the reaction of carbon donors and oxygen donor. The oxygenated fuel is combusted in the combustion system.

Claims

1. A method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system, the method comprising:

dissociating the biomass waste to produce one or more carbon donors;

filtering the biomass waste produced carbon donors through a filtration system to remove sulfurous substances;

reacting the biomass waste produced and filtered carbon donors with an oxygen donor to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon, wherein the reacting comprises;

applying energy recovered from an external energy source to the reaction of carbon donors and oxygen donor; and

combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise carbon;

and

wherein the reacting comprises partially oxidizing the carbon to produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more carbon donors comprise hydrocarbon and alcohol and the oxygen donor comprises steam;

and

wherein the reacting comprises reacting the hydrocarbon and alcohol with the steam to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein combusting the oxygenated carbon in the combustion system comprises:

providing an oxidant and the oxygenated fuel in a combustion zone of the combustion system.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

controlling timing or duration of fuel injection using adaptive control.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

controlling a fuel delivery pressure using adaptive control.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.

8. A method of producing an oxygenated fuel from biomass waste for use in a combustion system, the method comprising:

dissociating the biomass waste under an anaerobic reaction to produce the oxygenated fuel comprising oxygenated carbon and hydrogen, wherein the dissociating under the anaerobic reaction comprises;

applying waste heat recovered from an external heat source to the biomass waste,

producing hydrocarbon and alcohol in addition to oxygenated carbon, and

reacting the hydrocarbon and alcohol with an oxygen donor in the presence of the waste heat to generate additional oxygenated carbon; and

combusting the oxygenated fuel in the combustion system.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein dissociating the biomass waste under the thermochemical reaction comprises producing carbon in addition to oxygenated carbon;

and reacting the carbon with an oxygen donor in the presence of waste heat to generate additional oxygenated carbon.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein combusting the oxygenated carbon in the charge combustion system comprises:

providing multiple layers of an oxidant and the oxygenated fuel in a combustion zone of the combustion system.

11. The method of claim 10 further comprising:

controlling timing or a duration of fuel injection using adaptive control.

12. The method of claim 10 further comprising:

controlling fuel delivery pressure in the charge combustion system.

13. The method of claim 8, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.

14. A method of recycling carbon to produce a renewable fuel, the method comprising:

harvesting carbon dioxide emitted from an industrial process;

dissociating biomass waste under an anaerobic reaction to produce hydrogen;

reacting the harvested carbon dioxide with the biomass waste produced hydrogen under pressure and heat to generate a renewable source of energy comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; and

separating the hydrogen from the carbon monoxide by diffusing the generated renewable source of energy through a membrane in a separator.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the heat used in reacting the harvested carbon dioxide with the biomass waste produced hydrogen comprises waste heat recovered from an external heat source.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the combustion system comprises a stratified-charge combustion system.