Electrolyte compositions for lithium ion batteries

• US 9,300,009 B2
• Filed: 10/22/2012
• Issued: 03/29/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: UT-Battelle LLC
• Original Assignee: UT-Battelle LLC
• Inventors: Sun, Xiao-Guang, Dai, Sheng, Liao, Chen
• Primary Examiner(s): Slifka, Sarah A
• Application Number:
  US13/657,304
• Publication Number:
  US 20140113202A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,254 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0567 characterised by the additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0568 characterised by the solutes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0569 characterised by the solvents
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0045 Room temperature molten salts comprising at least one organic ion
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention is directed in a first aspect to an ionic liquid of the general formula Y⁺Z⁻, wherein Y⁺ is a positively-charged component of the ionic liquid and Z⁻ is a negatively-charged component of the ionic liquid, wherein Z⁻ is a boron-containing anion of the following formula:

The invention is also directed to electrolyte compositions in which the boron-containing ionic liquid Y⁺Z⁻ is incorporated into a lithium ion battery electrolyte, with or without admixture with another ionic liquid Y⁺X⁻ and/or non-ionic solvent and/or non-ionic solvent additive.

Claims

1. An ionic liquid of the general formula Y⁺T⁻

, wherein Y⁺ is a positively-charged component of the ionic liquid and Z⁻

is a negatively-charged component of the ionic liquid, wherein Z⁻

has a composition of the following formula;

2. The ionic liquid of claim 1, wherein Z⁻

has a composition of the following formula;

3. The ionic liquid of claim 1, wherein Y⁺ is an ammonium or phosphonium species.

4. The ionic liquid of claim 3, wherein Y⁺ is an ammonium species.

5. The ionic liquid of claim 4, wherein Y⁺ is comprised of a heterocyclic ring having a positively-charged ring nitrogen.

6. The ionic liquid of claim 5, wherein Y⁺ is selected from imidazolium, benzimidazolium, pyridinium, pyrazinium, pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, piperazinium, morpholinium, pyrrolium, pyrazolium, pyrimidinium, triazolium, oxazolium, thiazolium, triazinium, indolium, quinolinium, quinazolinium, and cyclic guanidinium rings.

7. An electrolyte composition for a lithium ion battery, the electrolyte composition comprising:

a first ionic liquid of the general formula Y⁺Z⁻

, wherein Y⁺ is a positively-charged component of the ionic liquid and Z⁻

is a negatively-charged component of the ionic liquid, wherein Z⁻

has a composition of the following formula;

8. An electrolyte composition for a lithium ion battery, the electrolyte composition comprised of:

an ionic liquid of the general formula Y⁺Z⁻

, wherein Y⁺ is a positively-charged component of the ionic liquid and Z⁻

is a negatively-charged component of the ionic liquid, wherein Z⁻

has a composition of the following formula;

9. The electrolyte composition of claim 8, wherein said non-ionic solvent is a sulfone or carbonate solvent.

10. The electrolyte composition of claim 8, further comprising a non-ionic solvent additive.

11. The electrolyte composition of claim 10, wherein said non-ionic solvent additive is a carbonate solvent additive.

12. The electrolyte composition of claim 10, wherein said non-ionic solvent additive is a sulfite solvent additive.