Proximity-detection systems and methods

• US 9,305,458 B2
• Filed: 07/01/2014
• Issued: 04/05/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/2012
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Zipsocket, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Zipsocket, Inc.
• Inventors: Rahimi, Ali, Iannaccone, Gianluca
• Primary Examiner(s): Bee, Andrew
• Application Number:
  US14/321,589
• Publication Number:
  US 20140313862A1
• Time in Patent Office: 644 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G08C 23/02 using infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic waves
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/02 Services making use of location information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/023 using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/025 using location based information parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/029 Location-based management or tracking services

Abstract

When two or more devices are near each other, they are likely to hear the same ambient sounds. To detect such proximity, each device captures a short digital audio signal from its microphone and uploads it to a proximity-detecting service along with a timestamp that indicates when the clip was captured. The proximity-detecting service maintains a history of sound clips for its clients and analyzes recently received sound clips that have similar time stamps. The devices can then be grouped according to the similarities of their sound clips. Devices that are grouped together in this way are deemed to be near each other.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for determining that remote devices share an acoustic environment without the need for any of the remote devices to specifically emit an identifiable audio signal, the method comprising:

obtaining, by the computer, a first digital audio signal representing a first incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a first acoustic environment, as sampled during a first time period by a first remote device;

analyzing, by the computer, said first digital audio signal to identify a portion of said first digital audio signal that includes a non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components across a first plurality of time windows;

determining, by the computer based at least in part on said non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components and said first plurality of time windows, an incidental-audio signature specific to said first incidental-ambient soundscape and said first time period;

obtaining, by the computer, a second digital audio signal representing a second incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a second acoustic environment, as sampled during a second time period by a second remote device, wherein at least a portion of said second time period overlaps said first time period;

identifying, by the computer, a temporal portion of said second digital audio signal that matches said incidental-audio signature more closely than other temporal portions of said second digital audio signal;

determining, by the computer, a similarity measure comparing said temporal portion of said second digital audio signal with said incidental-audio signature;

when said similarity measure exceeds a threshold, identifying, by the computer, an acoustic link between said first acoustic environment and said second acoustic environment; and

consequently

facilitating, by the computer, said first remote device and said second remote device to access a shared computing resource.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal comprises:

segmenting said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

selecting a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as including a plurality of frequency components whose energies vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal comprises:

segmenting said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

selecting a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as having amplitudes that vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal comprises:

determining a background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic of said first digital audio signal; and

selecting a subset of a plurality of time-window segments as differing from said background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein analyzing said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal comprises filtering said first digital audio signal to enhance frequency components within a human-voice-perception frequency-band and/or to diminish frequency components outside said human-voice-perception frequency-band.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising in response to obtaining said first digital audio signal and said second digital audio signal, respectively providing a server manifest to said first remote device and said second remote device, said server manifest identifying a plurality of computers that provide proximity-detecting services, including the computer, and a respective plurality of weighted geographic purviews of said plurality of computers.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:

determining a plurality of gross geolocation estimates corresponding respectively to a plurality of remote devices that are currently providing or have recently provided digital audio signals to the computer;

determining a plurality of statistical measures based on said plurality of gross geolocation estimates; and

updating said server manifest based at least in part on said plurality of statistical measures.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

determining a count of said plurality of remote devices;

reporting said count to a request-routing server; and

receiving a re-weighted server manifest from said request-routing server.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

determining a count of said plurality of remote devices; and

when said count exceeds a predetermined threshold, activating a new instance of the computer.

10. A computing apparatus for determining that remote devices share an acoustic environment without the need for any of the remote devices to specifically emit an identifiable audio signal, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, configure the apparatus to:

obtain a first digital audio signal representing a first incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a first acoustic environment, as sampled during a first time period by a first remote device;

analyze said first digital audio signal to identify a portion of said first digital audio signal that includes a non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components across a first plurality of time windows;

determine, based at least in part on said non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components and said first plurality of time windows, an incidental-audio signature specific to said first incidental-ambient soundscape and said first time period;

obtain a second digital audio signal representing a second incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a second acoustic environment, as sampled during a second time period by a second remote device, wherein at least a portion of said second time period overlaps said first time period;

identify a temporal portion of said second digital audio signal that matches said incidental-audio signature more closely than other temporal portions of said second digital audio signal;

determine a similarity measure comparing said temporal portion of said second digital audio signal with said incidental-audio signature;

when said similarity measure exceeds a threshold, identify an acoustic link between said first acoustic environment and said second acoustic environment; and

consequently;

facilitate said first remote device and said second remote device to access a shared computing resource.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions that configure the apparatus to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the apparatus to:

segment said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

select a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as including a plurality of frequency components whose energies vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions that configure the apparatus to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the apparatus to:

segment said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

select a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as having amplitudes that vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

13. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions that configure the apparatus to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the apparatus to:

determine a background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic of said first digital audio signal; and

select a subset of a plurality of time-window segments as differing from said background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic.

14. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the instructions that configure the apparatus to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the apparatus to filter said first digital audio signal to enhance frequency components within a human-voice-perception frequency-band and/or to diminish frequency components outside said human-voice-perception frequency-band.

15. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the memory stores further instructions that further configure the apparatus to in response to obtaining said first digital audio signal and said second digital audio signal, respectively provide a server manifest to said first remote device and said second remote device, said server manifest identifying a plurality of computers that provide proximity-detecting services, including the computing apparatus, and a respective plurality of weighted geographic purviews of said plurality of computers.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions including instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to:

obtain a first digital audio signal representing a first incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a first acoustic environment, as sampled during a first time period by a first remote device;

analyze said first digital audio signal to identify a portion of said first digital audio signal that includes a non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components across a first plurality of time windows;

determine, based at least in part on said non-predetermined plurality of salient frequency components and said first plurality of time windows, an incidental-audio signature specific to said first incidental-ambient soundscape and said first time period;

obtain a second digital audio signal representing a second incidental-ambient soundscape that is incidental to a second acoustic environment, as sampled during a second time period by a second remote device, wherein at least a portion of said second time period overlaps said first time period;

identify a temporal portion of said second digital audio signal that matches said incidental-audio signature more closely than other temporal portions of said second digital audio signal;

determine a similarity measure comparing said temporal portion of said second digital audio signal with said incidental-audio signature;

when said similarity measure exceeds a threshold, identify an acoustic link between said first acoustic environment and said second acoustic environment; and

consequently facilitate said first remote device and said second remote device to access a shared computing resource.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions that configure the processor to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the processor to:

segment said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

select a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as including a plurality of frequency components whose energies vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions that configure the processor to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the processor to:

segment said first digital audio signal into a plurality of time-window segments; and

select a subset of said plurality of time-window segments as having amplitudes that vary highly within said subset of said plurality of time-window segments.

19. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions that configure the processor to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the processor to:

determine a background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic of said first digital audio signal; and

select a subset of a plurality of time-window segments as differing from said background-noise frequency and/or amplitude characteristic.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein the instructions that configure the processor to analyze said first digital audio signal to identify said identified portion of said first digital audio signal further comprise instructions configuring the processor to filter said first digital audio signal to enhance frequency components within a human-voice-perception frequency-band and/or to diminish frequency components outside said human-voice-perception frequency-band.

21. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 16, having stored thereon further instructions that further configure the processor to in response to obtaining said first digital audio signal and said second digital audio signal, respectively provide a server manifest to said first remote device and said second remote device, said server manifest identifying a plurality of computers that provide proximity-detecting services, including the processor, and a respective plurality of weighted geographic purviews of said plurality of computers.