Analyte sensors having nanostructured electrodes and methods for making and using them
First Claim
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1. A method of sensing glucose within the body of a mammal, the method comprising implanting a glucose sensor into a mammal, wherein the glucose sensor comprises:
- a base layer;
a conductive layer disposed upon the base layer wherein the conductive layer includes a working electrode comprising a plurality of conductive nanotubes;
an analyte sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase disposed on the conductive nanotubes, wherein the glucose oxidase generates hydrogen peroxide in the presence of glucose; and
an analyte modulating layer disposed on the analyte sensing layer, wherein the analyte modulating layer;
modulates the diffusion of glucose therethrough; and
includes a composition of matter comprising a hydrophilic comb-copolymer having a central chain and a plurality of side chains coupled to the central chain, wherein at least one side chain comprises a silicone moiety; and
sensing an alteration in electrical potential at the working electrode that results from hydrogen peroxide produced by the glucose oxidase in the presence of glucose;
and correlating the alteration in electrical potential with the presence of glucose, so that glucose is sensed.
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Abstract
Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors having nanostructured electrodes as well as methods for making and using such sensors. In certain embodiments of the invention, the sensor includes a carbon nanotube electrode and a analyte limiting membrane that modulates the ability of a analyte to contact the carbon nanotube electrode.
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4 Claims
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1. A method of sensing glucose within the body of a mammal, the method comprising implanting a glucose sensor into a mammal, wherein the glucose sensor comprises:
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a base layer; a conductive layer disposed upon the base layer wherein the conductive layer includes a working electrode comprising a plurality of conductive nanotubes; an analyte sensing layer comprising glucose oxidase disposed on the conductive nanotubes, wherein the glucose oxidase generates hydrogen peroxide in the presence of glucose; and an analyte modulating layer disposed on the analyte sensing layer, wherein the analyte modulating layer; modulates the diffusion of glucose therethrough; and includes a composition of matter comprising a hydrophilic comb-copolymer having a central chain and a plurality of side chains coupled to the central chain, wherein at least one side chain comprises a silicone moiety; and sensing an alteration in electrical potential at the working electrode that results from hydrogen peroxide produced by the glucose oxidase in the presence of glucose; and correlating the alteration in electrical potential with the presence of glucose, so that glucose is sensed. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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