Power source apparatus for electrically powered vehicle and control method therefor

• US 9,315,112 B2
• Filed: 04/13/2011
• Issued: 04/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/13/2011
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Sugiyama, Yoshinobu, Ang, Wanleng
• Primary Examiner(s): Tran, Thienvu
• Assistant Examiner(s): Baxter, Brian K
• Application Number:
  US13/636,468
• Publication Number:
  US 20140203634A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,833 Days
• Field of Search: 307/9.1
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/00 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/14 to electric lighting circuits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2009 for braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/30 AC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/40 DC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/423 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/26 by pedal actuation
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/04 Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H; H02H
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 : for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 : Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Abstract

During external charging, a charger converts AC electric power from an external power supply into electric power for charging a main battery. An AC/DC converter converts the AC electric power on the power line into auxiliary electric power. The charger is further capable of executing power conversion for converting output electric power of the main battery into AC electric power for output to the power line. While a vehicle is running, normally, the charger and the AC/DC converter are stopped, and the auxiliary electric power obtained by converting the output electric power of the main battery by a main DC/DC converter is output. At the time of regenerative braking of the vehicle, where charging of the main battery is prohibited or restricted, the charger and the AC/DC converter are further operated to intentionally increase loss power, thereby generating auxiliary electric power.

Claims

1. A power supply apparatus for an electrically powered vehicle comprising:

a main power storage device;

a power control unit configured to control output of an electric motor by power conversion between said main power storage device and said electric motor configured to be capable of supplying and receiving driving force to and from a wheel;

a subpower storage device having output voltage lower than that of said main power storage device;

a power line connected to said subpower storage device, for supplying auxiliary electric power for operating an auxiliary load;

a first power converter for converting output electric power of said main power storage device into said auxiliary electric power for output to said power line;

a charger for executing, during external charging, first power conversion for converting electric power from an external power supply into electric power for charging said main power storage device;

a second power converter connected to a predetermined node on a path of said first power conversion, for converting electric power on said predetermined node into said auxiliary electric power for output to said power line; and

a control device for controlling operation of each of said charger, said first power converter, and said second power converter,

said first power converter outputting said auxiliary electric power by operating in response to a first auxiliary power feed instruction from said control device,

said charger being configured to execute, while the vehicle is running, second power conversion for converting electric power of said main power storage device into electric power to be input to said second power converter and outputting the converted electric power to said predetermined node, by at least partial reverse conversion of said first power conversion, in response to a second auxiliary power feed instruction from said control device,

said second power converter outputting, while said vehicle is running, said auxiliary electric power by operating in response to said second auxiliary power feed instruction from said control device, and

said control device controlling, while said vehicle is running, said charger, said first power converter, and said second power converter to generate said auxiliary electric power, by switching between a first mode in which only said first auxiliary power feed instruction is generated and a second mode in which both said first and second auxiliary power feed instructions are generated, in accordance with at least one of charge restriction of said main power storage device and regenerative electric power from said electric motor.

2. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said control device selects, while said vehicle is running, said second mode when charging of said main power storage device is prohibited.

3. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 2, wherein

said control device controls, when said second mode is selected, a ratio (Pr) between output electric power of said first power converter and output electric power of said second power converter, in accordance with total output electric power from said first and second power converters.

4. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 3, wherein

said control device sets said ratio (Pr) when said second mode is selected, based on a map obtained by finding in advance said ratio at which a total of losses in said first and second power converters is maximum, for each said total output electric power.

5. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said control device selects, while said vehicle is running, said second mode when said electric motor is generating regenerative electric power and a charge power upper limit value for said main power storage device is lower than a predetermined value.

6. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 5, wherein

said control device controls, when said second mode is selected, a ratio (Pr) between output electric power of said first power converter and output electric power of said second power converter, in accordance with total output electric power from said first and second power converters.

7. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 6, wherein

said control device sets said ratio (Pr) when said second mode is selected, based on a map obtained by finding in advance said ratio at which a total of losses in said first and second power converters is maximum, for each said total output electric power.

8. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 1, wherein

said control device controls, when said second mode is selected, a ratio (Pr) between output electric power of said first power converter and output electric power of said second power converter, in accordance with total output electric power from said first and second power converters.

9. The power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 8, wherein

said control device sets said ratio (Pr) when said second mode is selected, based on a map obtained by finding in advance said ratio at which a total of losses in said first and second power converters is maximum, for each said total output electric power.

10. A method for controlling a power supply apparatus for an electrically powered vehicle including a main power storage device and a subpower storage device having output voltage lower than that of said main power storage device,

said power supply apparatus including

a power control unit configured to control output of an electric motor by power conversion between said main power storage device and said electric motor configured to be capable of supplying and receiving driving force to and from a wheel,

a power line connected to said subpower storage device, for supplying auxiliary electric power for operating an auxiliary load,

a first power converter for converting output electric power of said main power storage device into said auxiliary electric power for output to said power line,

charger for executing, during external charging, first power conversion for converting electric power from an external power supply into electric power for charging said main power storage device, and

a second power converter connected to a predetermined node on a path of said first power conversion, for converting electric power on said predetermined node into said auxiliary electric power for output to said power line,

said first power converter outputting said auxiliary electric power by operating in response to a first auxiliary power feed instruction,

said charger being configured to execute, while the vehicle is running, second power conversion for converting electric power of said main power storage device into electric power to be input to said second power converter and outputting the converted electric power to said predetermined node, by at least partial reverse conversion of said first power conversion, in response to a second auxiliary power feed instruction, and

said second power converter outputting, while said vehicle is running, said auxiliary electric power by operating in response to said second auxiliary power feed instruction,

said method comprising the steps of:

selecting, while said vehicle is running, one of a first mode in which only said first auxiliary power feed instruction is generated and a second mode in which both said first and second auxiliary power feed instructions are generated, in accordance with at least one of charge restriction of said main power storage device and regenerative electric power from said electric motor; and

controlling said charger, said first power converter, and said second power converter to generate said auxiliary electric power in accordance with said first or second mode selected.

11. The method for controlling the power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 10, wherein

said step of controlling includes the step of setting, when said second mode is selected, a ratio (Pr) between output electric power of said first power converter and output electric power of said second power converter, in accordance with total output electric power (Ptl) from said first and second power converters.

12. The method for controlling the power supply apparatus for the electrically powered vehicle according to claim 11, wherein

in said step of setting, said ratio when said second mode is selected is set, based on a map obtained by finding in advance said ratio (Pr) at which a total of losses in said first and second power converters is maximum, for each said total output electric power (Ptl).