Virtual machine monitor configured to support latency sensitive virtual machines

• US 9,317,318 B2
• Filed: 08/25/2014
• Issued: 04/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/26/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Vmware LLC (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: VMware, Inc. (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: Zheng, Haoqiang, Singaravelu, Lenin, Agarwal, Shilpi, Hecht, Daniel Michael, Smith, Garrett
• Primary Examiner(s): Zhen, Wei
• Assistant Examiner(s): UNG, LANNY N
• Application Number:
  US14/468,122
• Publication Number:
  US 20150058846A1
• Time in Patent Office: 603 Days
• Field of Search: 718/1
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 13/24 using interrupt G06F13/32 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/4557 Distribution of virtual machine instances; Migration and load balancing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45575 Starting, stopping, suspending or resuming virtual machine instances
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2009/45591 Monitoring or debugging support
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2209/5017 Task decomposition
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45533 Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45558 Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4812 by interrupt, e.g. masked
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4887 involving deadlines, e.g. rate based, periodic
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/50 Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5027 the resource being a machine, e.g. CPUs, Servers, Terminals
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5033 considering data affinity
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5088 involving task migration
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/0894 Packet rate
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 43/16 Threshold monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/56 implementing delay-aware scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/801 Real time traffic

Abstract

A host computer has a virtualization software that supports execution of a plurality of virtual machines, where the virtualization software includes a virtual machine monitor for each of the virtual machines, and where each virtual machine monitor emulates a virtual central processing unit (CPU) for a corresponding virtual machine. A virtual machine monitor halts execution of a virtual CPU of a virtual machine by receiving a first halt instruction from a corresponding virtual machine and determining whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive. If the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then a second halt instruction is issued from the virtual machine monitor to halt a physical CPU on which the virtual CPU executes. If the virtual machine is not latency sensitive, then a system call to a kernel executing on the host computer is executed to indicate to the kernel that the virtual CPU is in an idle state.

Claims

1. In a host computer having a virtualization software that supports execution of a plurality of virtual machines, the virtualization software including a virtual machine monitor for each of the virtual machines, wherein each virtual machine monitor emulates a virtual central processing unit (CPU) for a corresponding virtual machine, a method of halting execution of a virtual CPU of a virtual machine, the method comprising:

receiving a first halt instruction at a virtual machine monitor from a corresponding virtual machine;

determining by the virtual machine monitor whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive;

if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then issuing from the virtual machine monitor a second halt instruction to halt a physical CPU on which the virtual CPU executes; and

if the virtual machine is not latency sensitive, then executing a system call to a kernel executing on the host computer to indicate to the kernel that the virtual CPU is in an idle state.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first halt instruction is issued by a guest operating system executing in the virtual machine.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then the virtual CPU executes in an exclusive mode on the physical CPU.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive comprises:

reading a latency sensitivity indicator for the virtual machine;

reading a CPU entitlement value for the virtual machine;

determining whether the latency sensitivity indicator is a predetermined value; and

determining whether the CPU entitlement value is a maximum value.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the system call is made to a kernel CPU scheduler.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the kernel CPU scheduler, in response to the system call, deschedules the virtual CPU.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, in response to the system call, the kernel CPU scheduler deallocates the physical CPU from the virtual CPU and allocates the physical CPU to other tasks.

8. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions executable by a host computer, the host computer having a virtualization software that supports execution of a plurality of virtual machines, the virtualization software including a virtual machine monitor for each of the virtual machines, wherein each virtual machine monitor emulates a virtual central processing unit (CPU) for a corresponding virtual machine, where the instructions, when executed, cause the host computer to perform method of halting execution of a virtual CPU of a virtual machine, the method comprising:

receiving a first halt instruction at a virtual machine monitor from a corresponding virtual machine;

determining by the virtual machine monitor whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive;

if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then issuing from the virtual machine monitor a second halt instruction to halt a physical CPU on which the virtual CPU executes; and

if the virtual machine is not latency sensitive, then executing a system call to a kernel executing on the host computer to indicate to the kernel that the virtual CPU is in an idle state.

9. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first halt instruction is issued by a guest operating system executing in the virtual machine.

10. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein, if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then the virtual CPU executes in an exclusive mode on the physical CPU.

11. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein determining whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive comprises:

reading a latency sensitivity indicator for the virtual machine;

reading a CPU entitlement value for the virtual machine

determining whether the latency sensitivity indicator is a predetermined value; and

determining whether the CPU entitlement value is a maximum value.

12. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the system call is made to a kernel CPU scheduler.

13. The computer-readable medium of claim 12, wherein the kernel CPU scheduler, in response to the system call, deschedules the virtual CPU.

14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein, in response to the system call, the kernel CPU scheduler deallocates the physical CPU from the virtual CPU and allocates the physical CPU to other tasks.

15. A virtualized computing system, comprising:

a host computer having a virtualization software that supports execution of a plurality of virtual machines;

a kernel scheduler; and

a virtual machine monitor for each of the virtual machines, wherein each virtual machine monitor emulates a virtual central processing unit (CPU) for a corresponding virtual machine, wherein each virtual machine monitor is configured to perform a method of halting execution of a virtual CPU of a virtual machine, the method comprising;

receiving a first halt instruction at a virtual machine monitor from a corresponding virtual machine;

determining by the virtual machine monitor whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive;

if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then issuing from the virtual machine monitor a second halt instruction to halt a physical CPU on which the virtual CPU executes; and

if the virtual machine is not latency sensitive, then executing a system call to a kernel executing on the host computer to indicate to the kernel that the virtual CPU is in an idle state.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first halt instruction is issued by a guest operating system executing in the virtual machine.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein, if the virtual machine is latency sensitive, then the virtual CPU executes in an exclusive mode on the physical CPU.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein determining whether the virtual machine is latency sensitive comprises:

reading a latency sensitivity indicator for the virtual machine;

reading a CPU entitlement value for the virtual machine

determining whether the latency sensitivity indicator is a predetermined value; and

determining whether the CPU entitlement value is a maximum value.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the system call is made to a kernel CPU scheduler.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the kernel CPU scheduler, in response to the system call, deschedules the virtual CPU, deallocates the physical CPU from the virtual CPU, and allocates the physical CPU to other tasks.