Lithium battery

• US 9,318,773 B2
• Filed: 01/17/2013
• Issued: 04/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/28/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Chung-Yuan Christian University, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
• Original Assignee: Chung-Yuan Christian University, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
• Inventors: Wang, Fu-Ming, Cheng, Chin-Shu, Liu, Wei-Jen
• Primary Examiner(s): Ryan, Patrick
• Assistant Examiner(s): DOMONE, CHRISTOPHER P
• Application Number:
  US13/743,348
• Publication Number:
  US 20140093771A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,188 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/056 characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0567 characterised by the additives
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0025 Organic electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A lithium battery, including an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte solution and a package structure. The anode includes a material having an oxygen-containing functional group. The cathode and the anode are configured separately, and a housing region is defined between the cathode and the anode. The electrolyte solution is disposed in the housing region, and the electrolyte solution includes water and an additive. The package structure covers the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte solution.

Claims

1. A lithium battery, comprising:

an anode, comprising a material having an oxygen-containing functional group, wherein the material having the oxygen-containing functional group comprises;

carbide;

a cathode, configured separately from the anode, wherein a housing region is defined between the anode and the cathode;

an electrolyte solution, disposed in the housing region, comprising water, an organic solvent, an electrolyte and an additive, wherein the water, the additive and the material having the oxygen-containing functional group are configured to undergo an electrochemical reaction to produce a self-polymerizing substance, a content of the water is greater than 20 ppm and less than 300 ppm and the additive is selected from the group consisting of maleimide, polymaleimide, bismaleimide, polybismaleimide, copolymers of bismaleimide and maleimide, vinylene carbonate and a mixture thereof; and

a package structure, covering the anode, the cathode and the electrolyte solution.

2. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing functional group comprises phenol group, quinone group, pyrone group, pyran group, lactone group or a combination thereof.

3. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the carbide comprises hard carbon, soft carbon, a carbon black, graphite, graphene, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes or a mixture thereof.

4. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode comprises a lithium metal, a lithium mixed metal oxide or a combination thereof.

5. The lithium battery of claim 4, wherein the lithium mixed metal oxide comprises LiMnO₂, LiMn₂O₄, LiCoO₂, Li₂Cr₂O₇, Li₂CrO₄, LiNiO₂, LiFeO₂, LiNi_xCo_1-xO₂, LiFePO₄, LiMn_0.5Ni_0.5O₂, LiMn_1/3Co_1/3Ni_1/3O₂, LiMc_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ or a combination thereof, where 0<

x<

1, and Mc is a divalent metal.

6. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein a content of the water is 100 ppm.

7. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the maleimide comprises N-phenylmaleimide, N-(o-methylphenyl)-maleimide, N-(m-methylphenyl)-maleimide, N-(p-methylphenyl)-maleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, maleimide, maleimidophenol, maleimidobenzocyclobutene, phosphorus-containing maleimide, phosphonate-containing maleimide, siloxane-containing maleimide, N-(4-tetrahydropyranyl-oxyphenyl) maleimid, or 2,6-xylylmaleimide.

8. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein a structural formula of the bismaleimide is shown in Formula 1:

9. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein a content of the additive is 0.05 wt % to 0.5 wt %.

10. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent comprises γ

-butyrolactone (GBL), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), propyl acetate (PA), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), or a combination thereof.

11. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein a content of the organic solvent is 95 wt % to 99 wt %.

12. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is lithium salt.

13. The lithium battery of claim 12, wherein the lithium salt comprises LiPF₆, LiBF₄, LiAsF₆, LiSbF₆, LiClO₄, LiAlCl₄, LiGaCl₄, LiNO₃, LiC(SO₂CF₃)₃, LiN(SO₂CF₃)₂, LiSCN, LiO₃SCF₂CF₃, LiC₆F₅SO₃, LiO₂CCF₃, LiSO₃F, LiB(C₆H₅)₄, LiCF₃SO₃ or a combination thereof.

14. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein a content of the electrolyte is 30 wt % to 40 wt %.

15. The lithium battery of claim 1, further comprising a polymer binder that separately reacts with the anode and/or the cathode.

16. The lithium battery of claim 15, the polymer binder comprises polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyamide, melamine resin, Carboxymethyl-Cellulose (CMC), a water-based binder (LA132, manufactured by Chengdu Indigo power sources CO., Ltd.) or a combination thereof.

17. The lithium battery of claim 1, wherein the material of the anode further comprises metal oxide.

18. The lithium battery of claim 17, wherein the metal oxide comprises SnO, SnO₂, GeO, GeO₂, In₂O, In₂O₃, PbO, PbO₂, Pb₂O₃, Pb₃O₄, Ag₂O, AgO, Ag₂O₃, Sb₂O₃, Sb₂O₄, Sb₂O₅, SiO, ZnO, CoO, NiO, FeO or a combination thereof.