Electric vehicle charging by adjusting charger current

• US 9,321,366 B1
• Filed: 12/09/2014
• Issued: 04/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Proterra Operating Co., Inc.
• Original Assignee: Proterra AG
• Inventors: Walker, Michael, McGrath, Seamus Timothy, Simonini, Matthew David, Finnern, Mike
• Primary Examiner(s): Grant, Robert
• Application Number:
  US14/564,378
• Time in Patent Office: 504 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/18 Buses
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/547 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/549 Current
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/70 Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/56 Temperature prediction, e.g. for pre-cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2260/58 Departure time prediction
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/32 by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/60 Monitoring or controlling charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/62 in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/26 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60M 7/003 for vehicles using stored power (e.g. charging stations)
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Abstract

A method for charging an electric vehicle at a charging station may include electrically connecting the electric vehicle to the charging station, and determining a desired amount of energy to be provided to the electric vehicle at the charging station. The method may also include determining a layover time of the electric vehicle using a control system associated with the charging station. The layover time may be an amount of time the electric vehicle is expected to be positioned at the charging station. The method may also include calculating a charge current using the control system, wherein the charge current is a value of electric current that is needed to provide the desired amount of energy to the electric vehicle in a time period substantially equal to the layover time. The method may further include charging the electric vehicle using the calculated charge current.

Claims

1. A method of charging an electric transit bus at a bus stop which includes a charging station, the electric bus being configured to be charged by the charging station at the bus stop at a first stop and at a second stop subsequent to the first stop, comprising:

receiving, at a control system associated with the charging station, an operating schedule of the bus from a remote source, the operating schedule including information on both (a) a first layover time and (b) a second layover time, the first layover time being an amount of time the bus is expected to stop at the bus stop during the first stop to allow passengers to embark or disembark the bus, and the second layover time being an amount of time the bus is expected to stop at the bus stop during the second stop to allow passengers to embark or disembark the bus, the first layover time being different from the second layover time;

stopping the bus at the bus stop for the first stop;

calculating, using the control system, a first charge current, wherein the first charge current is a value of electric current that is needed to provide a desired amount of energy to the bus in a time period substantially equal to the first layover time;

charging the bus using the first charge current for a time period substantially equal to the first layover time;

stopping the bus at the bus stop for the second stop

calculating, using the control system, a second charge current, wherein the second charge current is a value of electric current that is needed to provide a desired amount of energy to the bus in a time period substantially equal to the second layover time; and

charging the bus using the second charge current for a time period substantially equal to the second layover time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the first charge current includes determining the desired amount of energy based on a state of charge of the bus.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein receiving the operating schedule includes wirelessly receiving the operating schedule from the remote source.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric transit bus is one of a plurality of buses operated in a geographic area by a transit authority, and wherein the operating schedule includes route and schedule information of all the buses operating in the geographic area.

5. The method of claim 1, further including modifying the charge current of the bus during charging based on input from a driver of the bus.

6. The method of claim 1, further including modifying the charge current of the bus during charging based on a temperature of a battery of the bus or a temperature of the charging station.

7. The method of claim 1, further including:

receiving bus identification information from the bus; and

determining the first layover time and the second layover time from the received operating schedule and the bus identifying information.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the bus includes a charging interface positioned on a roof and the charging station of the bus stop includes a charge head configured to engage with the charging interface to charge the bus, and wherein stopping the bus at the bus stop for the first stop includes engaging the charge head of the charging station with the charging interface of the bus.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the electric bus is a low floor electric bus.

10. A method for charging an electric bus at one or more bus stops that each includes a charging station, comprising:

receiving, at a control system, an operating schedule of the bus from a remote source, the operating schedule including information indicative of (a) a first layover time and (b) a second layover time, the first layover time being an amount of time the bus is scheduled to stop at a bus stop of the one or more bus stops at a first time, and the second layover time being an amount of time the bus is scheduled to stop at a bus stop of the one or more bus stops at a second time, the first layover time being different from the second layover time;

stopping the bus at a bus stop of the one or more bus stops at the first time;

calculating, using the control system, a first charge current, wherein the first charge current is a value of electric current that is needed to provide a desired amount of energy to the bus in a time period substantially equal to the first layover time;

charging the bus using the first charge current for a time period substantially equal to the first layover time;

stopping the bus at a bus stop of the one or more bus stops at the second time;

calculating, using the control system, a second charge current, wherein the second charge current is a value of electric current that is needed to provide a desired amount of energy to the bus in a time period substantially equal to the second layover time; and

charging the bus using the second charge current for a time period substantially equal to the second layover time.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein calculating the first charge current includes determining the desired amount of energy based on a state of charge of the bus.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein receiving the operating schedule includes wirelessly receiving the operating schedule from the remote source.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the electric bus is one of a plurality of buses operated in a geographic area by a transit authority, and wherein the operating schedule includes route and schedule information of all the buses operating in the geographic area.

14. The method of claim 10, further including modifying the charge current of the bus during charging at the first time based on input from a driver of the bus.

15. The method of claim 10, further including modifying the charge current of the bus during charging at the first time based on a temperature of a battery of the bus or a temperature of the charging station.

16. The method of claim 10, further including:

receiving bus identification information from the bus; and

determining the first layover time and the second layover time from the received operating schedule and the bus identifying information.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the bus includes a charging interface positioned on a roof and the charging station of each bus stop of the one or more bus stops includes a charge head configured to engage with the charging interface to charge the bus, and wherein stopping the bus at a bus stop for the first time includes engaging the charge head of the charging station with the charging interface of the bus.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the electric bus is a low floor electric bus.