HVAC unit with hot gas reheat

• US 9,322,581 B2
• Filed: 02/09/2012
• Issued: 04/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 02/11/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Company (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Blanton, Norman J., Wilson, Stephen C., Pickle, Stephen B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Norman, Marc
• Assistant Examiner(s): VAZQUEZ, ANA M
• Application Number:
  US13/370,098
• Publication Number:
  US 20120272669A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,538 Days
• Field of Search: 622/91, 623/241, 623/246, 621/73, 621/964, 62/90, 621/26
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 1/00075 receiving air from a central station
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 1/00077 receiving heat exchange fluid entering and leaving the unit as a liquid
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/61 using timers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/63 Electronic processing
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/64 using pre-stored data
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/65 for selecting an operating mode
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/77 by controlling the speed of ventilators
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/84 using valves
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/86 by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/871 by controlling outdoor fans
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 13/20 Casings or covers
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/20 Humidity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2140/12 Heat-exchange fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/183 combined with a hot-water boiler
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/54 Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/044 Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 3/153 with subsequent heating, i.e. with the air, given the required humidity in the central station, passing a heating element to achieve the required temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/0271 the discharge pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/111 : of condenser fans
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 41/20 : Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves expansion valves F25B41/31
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 47/022 : hot gas defrosting
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 5/02 : arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 7/00 : Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit F25B9/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F25D 17/06 : by forced circulation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 : Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to a single compressor HVAC system with hot gas reheat. The system includes a single compressor, a pair of condensers, a reheat heat exchanger, an evaporator, and an expansion device. Within the system, the refrigerant exiting the compressor is separated into two portions. In the cooling mode, the first and second portions of the refrigerant are directed from the compressor through the two condensers in parallel. In the reheat mode, the first portion of the refrigerant is directed through the first condenser, while the second portion of the refrigerant is directed through the reheat heat exchanger. The system also may include a head pressure control device that is designed to maintain the compressor discharge pressure within a desired range by adjusting the condenser fan speed.

Claims

1. A heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system comprising:

a compressor configured to compress a gaseous refrigerant to provide compressed refrigerant;

a first condenser configured to receive and to condense a first portion of the compressed refrigerant in a first mode of system operation and a second mode of system operation to provide a first portion of condensed refrigerant;

a second condenser configured to receive and to condense a second portion of the compressed refrigerant and to operate in parallel with the first condenser in the first mode of system operation to provide a second portion of condensed refrigerant, wherein the system is configured to bypass the second condenser with the second portion of the compressed refrigerant in the second mode of system operation;

at least one expansion device configured to receive and to reduce pressure of the first portion of condensed refrigerant from the first condenser along with a portion of cooled refrigerant in the second mode of system operation to provide expanded refrigerant and configured to receive and reduce pressure of the first and second portions of the condensed refrigerant from the first and the second condensers in the first mode of system operation to provide the expanded refrigerant;

an evaporator configured to evaporate the expanded refrigerant to provide evaporated refrigerant prior to returning the evaporated refrigerant to the compressor;

a reheat heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the second portion of the compressed refrigerant to a fluid cooled by the evaporator to condense the second portion of the compressed refrigerant to provide the portion of cooled refrigerant; and

a reheat circuit configured to direct the second portion of the compressed refrigerant from the compressor to the reheat heat exchanger.

2. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the at least one expansion device is configured to receive the portion of cooled refrigerant from the reheat heat exchanger in the second mode of system operation.

3. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the reheat heat exchanger and the first condenser comprise approximately the same refrigerant circulation volume.

4. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, wherein the first condenser and the second condenser comprise approximately the same refrigerant circulation volume.

5. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, comprising a three-way valve switchable between a cooling position for the first mode of system operation, configured to direct the first portion of the compressed refrigerant into the first condenser and to direct the second portion of the compressed refrigerant into the second condenser, and a reheat position for the second mode of system operation, configured to direct the first portion of the compressed refrigerant into the first condenser and to direct the second portion of the compressed refrigerant into the reheat circuit.

6. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 5, wherein the three-way valve is disposed downstream of an inlet connection to the first condenser and upstream of the second condenser with respect to flow of the compressed refrigerant.

7. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, comprising a refrigerant recovery circuit configured to direct refrigerant from the second condenser to a suction side of the compressor in the second mode of system operation.

8. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 1, comprising a refrigerant recovery circuit configured to direct refrigerant from the reheat heat exchanger to a suction side of the compressor in the first mode of system operation.

9. A heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system comprising:

a compressor configured to compress a gaseous refrigerant to provide compressed refrigerant;

a first condenser configured to receive and to condense a first portion of the compressed refrigerant in a first mode of system operation and a second mode of system operation to provide a first portion of condensed refrigerant;

a second condenser configured to receive and to condense a second portion of the compressed refrigerant and to operate in parallel with the first condenser in the first mode of system operation to provide a second portion of condensed refrigerant, wherein the system is configured to bypass the second condenser with the second portion of the compressed refrigerant in the second mode of system operation;

at least one expansion device configured to receive and to reduce pressure of the first portion of condensed refrigerant from the first condenser along with a portion of cooled refrigerant in the second mode of system operation to provide expanded refrigerant and configured to receive and reduce pressure of the first and second portions of the condensed refrigerant from the first and the second condensers in the first mode of system operation to provide the expanded refrigerant;

an evaporator configured to evaporate the expanded refrigerant to provide evaporated refrigerant prior to returning the evaporated refrigerant to the compressor;

a reheat heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the second portion of the compressed refrigerant to a fluid cooled by the evaporator to condense the second portion of the compressed refrigerant to provide the portion of cooled refrigerant;

a reheat circuit configured to direct the second portion of the compressed refrigerant from a discharge port of the compressor to the reheat heat exchanger; and

a controller configured to switch the system between the first mode of system operation where the refrigerant is circulated through the compressor, the first condenser and the second condenser in parallel, the expansion device, and the evaporator and the second mode of system operation where the refrigerant is circulated through the compressor, the first condenser and the reheat heat exchanger in parallel, the expansion device, and the evaporator.

10. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 9, comprising a refrigerant recovery circuit configured to drain refrigerant from the second condenser in the second mode of system operation and to provide the drained refrigerant to a suction side of the compressor.

11. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 9, comprising a refrigerant recovery circuit configured to drain refrigerant from the reheat heat exchanger in the first mode of system operation and to provide the drained refrigerant to a suction side of the compressor.

12. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 9, wherein the reheat circuit comprises a check valve configured to promote unidirectional flow of the refrigerant from the reheat heat exchanger to the expansion device.

13. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 9, comprising a check valve disposed downstream of the second condenser and upstream of an outlet connection for the first condenser with respect to refrigerant flow and configured to promote unidirectional flow of the refrigerant from the second condenser to the expansion device.

14. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 9, comprising one or more condenser fans configured to direct air through the first condenser and the second condenser.

15. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 14, comprising a pressure control device configured to adjust a speed of the one or more condenser fans in response to a discharge pressure of the compressor.

16. The heating, ventilating, or air conditioning system of claim 14, comprising a pressure control device configured to adjust a speed of the one or more condenser fans to maintain a discharge pressure of the compressor within a specified range of pressures in the second mode of system operation.