Fluid resistivity sensor
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An apparatus comprising:
- a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, the sensor having an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid and having a receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current, wherein the electric dipole transmitter has a structure to contain the fluid within the structure or allow flow of the fluid within the structure and includes tapered electrodes being a portion of the structure extending from a body portion of the structure substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current.
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Abstract
Various embodiments include apparatus and methods of determining resistivity of fluids downhole in a well. The apparatus and methods may include using a sensor that employs a focused electric dipole as a transmitter and a uses a receiver to detect the electric current strength in the fluid under measurement responsive to the transmitter. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
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Citations
29 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, the sensor having an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid and having a receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current, wherein the electric dipole transmitter has a structure to contain the fluid within the structure or allow flow of the fluid within the structure and includes tapered electrodes being a portion of the structure extending from a body portion of the structure substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An apparatus comprising:
a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, the sensor including; an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid, wherein the electric dipole transmitter includes tapered electrodes substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current; and one toroid receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A system comprising:
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a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, the sensor having an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid and having a receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current, wherein the electric dipole transmitter has a structure to contain the fluid within the structure or allow flow of the fluid within the structure and includes tapered electrodes being a portion of the structure extending from a body portion of the structure substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current; and a processing unit to process a signal from the sensor. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method comprising:
measuring conductivity of a fluid using a sensor having an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid and having a receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current, wherein the electric dipole transmitter has a structure to contain the fluid within the structure or allow flow of the fluid within the structure and includes tapered electrodes being a portion of the structure extending from a body portion of the structure substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current. - View Dependent Claims (21, 24)
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22. A method comprising:
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measuring conductivity of a fluid using a sensor having an electric dipole transmitter to induce an electric current in the fluid and having a receiver to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current; activating the electric dipole transmitter by applying potential differences between two pairs of metal tubes, the activation including; applying a first potential difference between a first pair of the two pairs, the metal tubes of the first pair separated by a first insulating tube; and applying a second potential difference between a second pair of the two pairs, the metal tubes of the second pair separated by a second insulating tube, the fluid being within the first and second pairs and within the first and second insulating tubes; receiving a first signal at a first toroid receiver with the first toroid receiver disposed around the first insulating tube; and receiving a second signal at a second toroid receiver with the second toroid receiver disposed around the second insulating tube. - View Dependent Claims (23)
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25. A method comprising:
forming a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, including; disposing an electric dipole transmitter unit to induce an electric current in the fluid, wherein the electric dipole transmitter has a structure to contain the fluid within the structure or allow flow of the fluid within the structure and includes tapered electrodes being a portion of the structure extending from a body portion of the structure substantially without being in the fluid, the tapered electrodes arranged to receive a voltage applied between the tapered electrodes to induce the electric current; and disposing a receiver unit to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27)
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28. A method comprising:
forming a sensor to measure conductivity of a fluid, including; disposing an electric dipole transmitter unit to induce an electric current in the fluid; and disposing a receiver unit to detect electric current strength in the fluid in response to inducing the electric current, wherein disposing an electric dipole transmitter unit includes disposing two pairs of metal tubes such that the metal tubes of one of the pairs are separated from each other by a first insulating tube and the metal tubes of the other pair are separated from each other by a second insulating tube such that the fluid can be directed into the metal tubes of the two pairs and into the first and second insulating tubes, and disposing a receiver unit includes disposing a first toroid around the first insulating tube and a second toroid around the second insulating tube. - View Dependent Claims (29)
Specification