Systems and methods of controlling battery deterioration by controlling battery temperature during power exchange

• US 9,331,484 B2
• Filed: 03/06/2014
• Issued: 05/03/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/2014
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan North America Incorporated (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Yonetani, Shinsuke
• Primary Examiner(s): DOAN, NGHIA M
• Application Number:
  US14/198,708
• Publication Number:
  US 20150256002A1
• Time in Patent Office: 789 Days
• Field of Search: 320108-109, 320/119, 320/134, 320/136, 320/150
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/322 the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0069 Charging or discharging for charge maintenance, battery initiation or rejuvenation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/04 Regulation of charging current or voltage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/14 Energy storage units
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/221 General power management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 Remote or cooperative charging

Abstract

A power exchange controller adjusts a power exchange between a plurality of batteries and an upper authority to control deterioration of a state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries at an equivalent rate. The power exchange controller is operable to receive a total power demand from the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries connected to a charging station and adjust the power exchange between the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries by detecting a battery temperature of each of the plurality of batteries and determining the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and an equalized temperature determined from each battery temperature. Each power exchange is determined so that the battery temperature of each of the plurality of batteries during the power exchange is adjusted to the equalized temperature.

Claims

1. A battery deterioration control system comprising:

charging stations for vehicles operable to exchange power between batteries connected to the charging stations and a power grid, the charging stations or power grid having a power exchange controller operable to control the exchange of power between the batteries of the vehicles and the power grid, the power exchange controller programmed to;

receive from the charging stations a battery temperature of each of a plurality of batteries connected to the charging stations;

receive a total power demand from the power grid and each of the plurality of batteries connected to a charging station; and

determine a power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and an equalized temperature determined from each battery temperature, wherein the power exchange for each of a plurality of batteries is determined so that the battery temperature of each of the plurality of batteries during the power exchange is adjusted to the equalized temperature.

2. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein the power exchange controller is operable to maintain the power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries equal to the total power demand.

3. The battery deterioration control system of claim 2, wherein the power exchange controller is operable to maintain the total power demand to all of the plurality of batteries by adjusting an amplitude of power of the power exchange to at least a portion of the plurality of batteries.

4. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein the power exchange controller is further operable to adjust the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries by decreasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a battery temperature above the equalized temperature and increasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a battery temperature lower than the equalized temperature.

5. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein each battery has a connection period and the power exchange controller is operable to dynamically repeat receiving and adjusting steps throughout at least a portion of the connection period.

6. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein each vehicle having one of the plurality of batteries includes an on-board charging system in communication with the power exchange controller.

7. The battery deterioration control system of claim 6, wherein the on-board charging system of each vehicle is in communication with the power exchange controller via at least one of a wired communications link or a wireless communications link.

8. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein each vehicle having one of the plurality of batteries is connected to a respective off-board vehicle charging station that is in communication with the power exchange controller.

9. The battery deterioration control system of claim 8, wherein the respective off-board vehicle charging station for each vehicle is in communication with the power exchange controller via at least one of a wired communications link or a wireless communications link.

10. A method for controlling battery deterioration of a vehicle comprising:

receiving a total power demand from an upper authority and each of a plurality of batteries connected to a charging station; and

adjusting the power exchange between the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries with a controller in communication with the charging station by;

receiving a battery temperature of each of the plurality of batteries from a telematics unit of a respective vehicle; and

determining a power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and an equalized temperature determined from each battery temperature, wherein each power exchange is determined so that the battery temperature of each of the plurality of batteries during the power exchange is adjusted to the equalized temperature.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein determining the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries comprises maintaining a total power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries equal to the total power demand.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein maintaining the total power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries comprises adjusting an amplitude of power of the power exchange to at least a portion of the plurality of batteries.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein adjusting the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries comprises decreasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a battery temperature above the equalized temperature and increasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a battery temperature lower than the equalized temperature.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein each battery has a connection period and the method is dynamically repeated throughout at least a portion of the connection period.