Systems and methods of controlling battery deterioration by controlling battery state-of-health during power exchange

• US 9,331,503 B2
• Filed: 03/06/2014
• Issued: 05/03/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/06/2014
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Nissan North America Incorporated (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Yonetani, Shinsuke
• Primary Examiner(s): DOAN, NGHIA M
• Application Number:
  US14/198,737
• Publication Number:
  US 20150256003A1
• Time in Patent Office: 789 Days
• Field of Search: 320108-109, 320/119, 320/134, 320/136, 320/150
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/16 responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 Remote or cooperative charging

Abstract

A power exchange controller adjusts a power exchange rate between a plurality of batteries and an upper authority to modify a state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries over time. The power exchange controller is operable to receive a total power demand from an upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries connected to a charging station and adjust the power exchange between the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries by detecting a battery state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries, determining the target state-of-health for the plurality of batteries based on the state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries and determining a power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and a difference between the target state-of-health and the state-of-health of each battery.

Claims

1. A battery deterioration control system comprising:

charging stations for vehicles operable to exchange power between batteries connected to the charging stations and a power grid, the charging stations or power grid having a power exchange controller operable to control the exchange of power between the batteries of the vehicles and the power grid, the power exchange controller programmed to;

receive from the charging stations a state-of-health of each of a plurality of batteries connected to the charging stations; and

adjust a power exchange for each of a plurality of batteries to modify a state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries over time based on a target state-of-health, wherein state-of-health is a ratio of current battery capacity to original battery capacity.

2. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein the power exchange controller is operable to adjust the power exchange rate by:

receiving a total power demand from an upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries connected to a charging station; and

adjusting the power exchange between the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries by;

receiving a battery state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries from a respective charging station;

determining the target state-of-health for the plurality of batteries based on the state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries; and

determining a power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and a difference between the target state-of-health and the state-of-health of each battery.

3. The battery deterioration control system of claim 2, wherein the power exchange controller is operable to maintain the power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries equal to the total power demand.

4. The battery deterioration control system of claim 3, wherein the power exchange controller is operable to maintain the total power demand to all of the plurality of batteries by adjusting an amplitude of power of the power exchange to at least a portion of the plurality of batteries.

5. The battery deterioration control system of claim 2, wherein, when adjusting the power exchange, the power exchange controller is further operable to decrease the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a state-of-health below the target state-of-health and increase the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a state-of-health greater than the target state-of-health.

6. The battery deterioration control system of claim 2, wherein the target state-of-health is determined by averaging the state-of-health of the plurality of batteries connected to the one or more charging stations.

7. The battery deterioration control system of claim 2, wherein each battery has a connection period and the power exchange controller is operable to dynamically repeat receiving and adjusting steps throughout at least a portion of the connection period.

8. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein each vehicle having one of the plurality of batteries includes an on-board charging system in communication with the power exchange controller.

9. The battery deterioration control system of claim 8, wherein the on-board charging system of each vehicle is in communication with the power exchange controller via at least one of a wired communications link or a wireless communications link.

10. The battery deterioration control system of claim 1, wherein each vehicle having one of the plurality of batteries is connected to a respective off-board vehicle charging system that is in communication with the power exchange controller.

11. The battery deterioration control system of claim 10, wherein the respective off-board vehicle charging system for each vehicle is in communication with the power exchange controller via at least one of a wired communications link or a wireless communications link.

12. A method for controlling battery deterioration of a vehicle'"'"'s battery comprising:

receiving a total power demand from an upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries connected to a charging station; and

adjusting the power exchange between the upper authority and each of the plurality of batteries with a controller in communication with the charging station by;

receiving a battery state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries from a telematics unit of a respective vehicle;

determining the target state-of-health for the plurality of batteries based on the state-of-health of each of the plurality of batteries; and

determining a power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries based on the total power demand and a difference between the target state-of-health and the state-of-health of each battery.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein determining the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries comprises maintaining a total power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries equal to the total power demand.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein maintaining the total power exchange with all of the plurality of batteries comprises adjusting an amplitude of power of the power exchange to at least a portion of the plurality of batteries.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein adjusting the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries comprises decreasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a state-of-health lower than the target state-of-health and increasing the power exchange with each of the plurality of batteries having a state-of-health greater than the target state-of-health.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein the target state-of-health is determined by averaging the state-of-health of the plurality of batteries connected to the one or more charging stations.

17. The method of claim 12, wherein each battery has a connection period and the method is dynamically repeated throughout at least a portion of the connection period.