Sandwich of impact resistant material

• US 9,332,636 B2
• Filed: 02/10/2014
• Issued: 05/03/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/15/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Umicore AG & Company KG (Umicore S.A.)
• Original Assignee: SDC Materials,Inc.
• Inventors: Biberger, Maximilian A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Sample, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gugliotta, Nicole T
• Application Number:
  US14/176,986
• Publication Number:
  US 20140338519A1
• Time in Patent Office: 813 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/42 Platinum
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 23/8926 Copper and noble metals
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 37/00 Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: B22F 1/147 Making a dispersion
• CPC Class Codes: B28B 23/0081 Embedding aggregates to obtain particular properties
• CPC Class Codes: B28B 23/0087 Lightweight aggregates for making lightweight articles
• CPC Class Codes: B28B 3/025 Hot pressing, e.g. of ceramic materials
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2037/1253 curable adhesive
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/0253 Polyolefin fibres vinyl or acrylic copolymers B32B2262/0223 or B32B2262/0246
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/104 Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/107 Ceramic
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/558 Impact strength, toughness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2571/02 defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing camouflage nets B32B2459/00
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 37/14 characterised by the properties of the layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/30 one layer being formed of particles, e.g. chips, granules, powder
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 40/00 Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 33/027 by decomposition or reduction of gaseous or vaporised silicon compounds other than silica or silica-containing material
• CPC Class Codes: C23C 4/134 Plasma spraying
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 1/02 : Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics F41H5/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0471 : Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with ceramic layers F41H5/0428, with metal layers F41H5/0457
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 5/0492 : Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/02 : mainly consisting of metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 21/6835 : using temporarily an auxiliary support
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/64 : Impedance arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 : Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 : Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/0306 : Inorganic insulating substrates, e.g. ceramic, glass
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/16 : incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 : Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12576 : Boride, carbide or nitride component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24983 : Hardness
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 : Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/252 : Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/26 : Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/28 : Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2916 : including boron or compound thereof [not as steel]

Abstract

A sandwich of impact resistant material comprising: a first tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the first tile and the first tile comprises a hardness value; a second tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the second tile and the second tile comprises a hardness value; and a third tile comprising a plurality of nano-particles bonded together, wherein the nano-structure of the nano-particles is present in the third tile and the third tile comprises a hardness value, wherein the second tile is coupled in between the first tile and the third tile, and the second tile comprises a hardness value greater than the first tile and the third tile.

Claims

1. An impact resistant material comprising:

a first tile comprising a first plurality of nano-particles;

a second tile comprising a second plurality of nano-particles; and

a third tile comprising a third plurality of nano-particles,

wherein the second tile is between the first tile and the third tile, and the second tile has a hardness value greater than the first tile and the third tile.

2. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein:

the hardness value of the first tile is between 1000 and 1500 HV;

the hardness value of the second tile is between 2500 and 3500 HV; and

the hardness value of the third tile is between 1000 and 1500 HV.

3. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise silicon nitride nano-particles.

4. The sandwich of impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the second plurality of nano-particles comprise tungsten carbide nano-particles, tantalum carbide nano-particles, or titanium carbide nano-particles.

5. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 1 to 10 nanometers.

6. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 10 to 50 nanometers.

7. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 50 to 100 nanometers.

8. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 100 to 250 nanometers.

9. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles comprise an average grain size of 250 to 500 nanometers.

10. The impact resistant material of claim 1, further comprising a first adhesive layer between the first and second tiles and a second adhesive layer between the second and third tiles.

11. The impact resistant material of claim 1, further comprising a ductile backing layer coupled to the third tile on a side opposite the second tile.

12. The impact resistant material of claim 11, wherein the ductile backing layer comprises an adhesive layer.

13. The impact resistant material of claim 11, wherein the ductile backing layer comprises:

a layer of polyethylene fibers; and

an adhesive material.

14. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles are plasma-created.

15. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third tiles are sintered together using a spark plasma sintering process.

16. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third tiles are formed by performing a spark plasma sintering process on the first, second, and third pluralities of the nano-particles, respectively.

17. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pluralities of nano-particles are bonded together such that a nano-structure of the first, second and third pluralities of nano-particles are present in the first, second, and third tiles, respectively.

18. The impact resistant material of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third tiles further comprise a ceramic material.

19. The impact resistant material of claim 18, wherein the ceramic material comprises an oxide ceramic material.

20. The impact resistant material of claim 18, wherein the ceramic material comprises silicon carbide, boron carbide, or a combination thereof.