Energy management system

• US 9,335,748 B2
• Filed: 07/26/2010
• Issued: 05/10/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Emerson Process Management Power & Water Solutions Incorporated (Emerson Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Emerson Process Management Power & Water Solutions Incorporated (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Francino, Peter N., Huff, Frederick C.
• Primary Examiner(s): ORTIZ RODRIGUEZ, CARLOS R
• Application Number:
  US12/843,670
• Publication Number:
  US 20120010757A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,115 Days
• Field of Search: 700/291
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/32021 Energy management, balance and limit power to tools
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/12 The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/60 Limiting power consumption in the network or in one section of the network, e.g. load shedding or peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/008 involving trading of energy or energy transmission rights
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/30 Wind power
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/70 Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/10 Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/02 Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/80 Management or planning
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/50 Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 : Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 : Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

An energy management system uses an expert engine and a numerical solver to determine an optimal manner of using and controlling the various energy consumption, producing and storage equipment in a plant/communities in order to for example reduce energy costs within the plant, and is especially applicable to plants that require or that are capable of using and/or producing different types of energy at different times. The energy management system operates the various energy manufacturing and energy usage components of the plant to minimize the cost of energy over time, or at various different times, while still meeting certain constraints or requirements within the operational system, such as producing a certain amount of heat or cooling, a certain power level, a certain level of production, etc. In some cases, the energy management system may cause the operational equipment of the plant to produce unneeded energy that can be stored until a later time and then used, or that can be sold back to a public utility, for example, so as to reduce the overall cost of energy within the plant.

Claims

1. An energy management system for use in operating a plant having one or more types of energy producing units and a plurality of particular energy producing units of the one or more types of energy producing units coupled to one or more loads, the energy management system comprising:

a numerical solver including an objective function, wherein the numerical solver operates on a computer processing device using the objective function to analyze each of a plurality of plant operating configurations associated with different operational configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units to determine an optimal plant operating configuration that best satisfies the objective function, wherein the optimal plant operating configuration includes a schedule indicating the one or more types of energy producing units to turn on or off within a time horizon and wherein the objective function considers costs of energy creation and usage of the of energy producing units associated with the different operational configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units; and

an expert engine that stores a set of rules and that implements the set of rules, on a computer processing device, to determine a set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant of the one or more types of energy producing units to satisfy the set of rules and the optimal plant operating configuration and one or more operating values for the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant associated with operating the energy producing units to satisfy the set of rules and the optimal plant operating configuration according to the schedule, the expert engine outputting signals indicative of load shedding and load establishment to be performed to implement the turning on or off of the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant according to the schedule included in the optimal plant operating configuration.

2. The energy management system of claim 1, further including a set of equipment models that model the operation of equipment within the plant, and wherein the numerical solver uses the equipment models to predict the operation of the plant at each of the different operational configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units.

3. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the numerical solver receives a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment including each of the one or more types of energy producing units, and wherein the numerical solver determines the different operational configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units as plant operating points that do not violate any of the set of constraints.

4. The energy management system of claim 3, wherein the expert engine determines one or more of the set of constraints based on the rules within the expert engine and provides the one or more of the set of constraints to the numerical solver.

5. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the numerical solver receives a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment, a set of environmental conditions associated with operation of the plant equipment and a load requirement of the plant, and wherein the numerical solver determines the different operational configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units as plant operating points at which the plant operates at the environmental conditions to produce the load requirement without violating any of the set of constraints.

6. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant.

7. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time.

8. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time during which costs associated with the one or more types of energy producing units varies.

9. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein one of the one or more types of energy producing units comprises an energy storage unit, and wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies and considers storing energy within the energy storage unit during a first portion of the specific period of time and delivering energy from the storage unit during a second portion of the specific period of time.

10. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes the profits of the plant taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account.

11. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account.

12. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies.

13. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein one of the types of energy producing units comprises an energy storage unit, and wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the types of energy producing units varies and considers storing energy within the energy storage unit during a first portion of the specific period of time and delivering energy from the storage unit during a second portion of the specific period of time.

14. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the one or more types of energy producing units includes a first energy producer that produces energy in a first form and a second energy producer that produces energy in a second form different than the first form.

15. The energy management system of claim 1, wherein the one or more types of energy producing units includes a first energy producer that produces energy in a first form and a second energy producer that stores energy in a second form.

16. A plant management system for use in operating a plant having a one or more types of energy producing units and a plurality of particular energy producing units of the one or more types of energy producing units coupled to one or more loads, the plant management system comprising:

an expert engine that stores a set of rules and that implements the set of rules, on a computer processing device, to determine one or more plant operating scenarios for operating the one or more types of energy producing units within the plant according to the set of rules and a schedule indicating a set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant of the one or more types of energy producing units to turn on or off within a time horizon, the one or more plant operating scenarios including different configurations of load shedding and load establishment within the plant to implement the turning on or off of the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units according to the schedule; and

a numerical solver coupled to the expert engine, the numerical solver including an objective function, wherein the numerical solver operates on a computer processing device to analyze the one or more plant operating scenarios and to determine one or more optimal plant operating configurations that best satisfies the objective function for the one or more plant operating scenarios, wherein the one or more optimal plant operating configurations include the schedule indicating one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units to turn on or off within a time horizon and wherein the numerical solver uses the objective function to consider costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units associated with different operating configurations of one or more types of energy producing units associated with the one or more plant operating scenarios.

17. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the expert engine analyzes the one or more optimal plant operating configurations to determine a plant operating configuration to use to run the plant.

18. The plant management system of claim 17, wherein the expert engine provides signals based on the determined plant operating configuration to a plant controller that controls the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant to operate according to the determined plant operating configuration.

19. The plant management system of claim 17, wherein the expert engine provides signals indicative of the determined plant operating configuration to a user via a user interface device.

20. The plant management system of claim 16, further including a set of equipment models that model the operation of equipment within the plant, and wherein the numerical solver uses the equipment models to predict the operation of the plant at each of the different operating configurations of the one or more types of energy producing units associated with the one or more plant operating scenarios.

21. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the numerical solver receives a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment including each of the one or more types of energy producing units, and wherein the numerical solver determines the one or more optimal plant operating configurations as plant operating points that do not violate any of the set of constraints.

22. The plant management system of claim 21, wherein the expert engine determines one or more of the set of constraints based on the rules within the expert engine and provides the determined one or more of the set of constraints to the numerical solver.

23. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the numerical solver receives a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment, a set of environmental conditions associated with operation of the plant equipment and a load requirement of the plant, and wherein the numerical solver determines the one or more optimal plant operating configurations as plant operating points at which the plant operates at the environmental conditions to produce the load requirement without violating any of the set of constraints.

24. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant.

25. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time.

26. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies.

27. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein one of the one or more types of energy producing units comprises an energy storage unit, and wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies and wherein the expert engine provides a plant operational scenario that stores energy within the energy storage unit during a first portion of the specific period of time and delivers energy from the storage unit during a second portion of the specific period of time.

28. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes the profits of the plant taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account.

29. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account.

30. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the plurality of energy producing units in the plant into account over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies.

31. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein one of the one or more types of energy producing units comprises an energy storage unit, and wherein the objective function specifies a manner of evaluating a plant operating point as a point that maximizes profits of the plant over a specific period of time taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies and wherein the expert engine determines a plant operational scenario that stores energy within the energy storage unit during a first portion of the specific period of time and that delivers energy from the storage unit during a second portion of the specific period of time.

32. The plant management system of claim 16, wherein the one or more types of energy producing units includes a first energy producer that produces energy in a first form and a second energy producer that produces energy in a second form different than the first form.

33. A method of optimizing the running of a plant having one or more types of energy producing units and a plurality of particular energy producing units of the one or more types of energy producing units coupled to one or more loads, the method comprising:

using a computer device to determine a plurality of plant operational scenarios, each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios specifying a manner of operating the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant;

using a computer device to analyze each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function to determine a particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function, wherein the optimal plant operating configuration includes a schedule indicating one or more types of energy producing units to turn on or off within a time horizon and wherein the objective function considers costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units with each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios;

determining a particular set of plant control target values to use in controlling the plant based on the determined particular plant configuration according to the schedule and a set of rules, the particular set of plant control target values including target operational values for use in operating a set of the plurality of particular energy producing units of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant; and

providing the target operational values for use in operating the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units to the plant in the form of load shedding and load establishment signals to be performed to implement the turning on or off of the plurality of the energy producing units according to the schedule.

34. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein providing the target operational values for use in operating the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units to the plant includes providing the target operational values for use in operating the the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units to a plant controller that controls the the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units in the plant to operate according to the determined particular plant configuration.

35. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein providing the target operational values for use in operating the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units to the plant includes providing the target operational values for use in operating the set of the plurality of particular energy producing units to a user via a user interface device.

36. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the one or more types of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using a set of equipment models that model the operation of equipment within the plant to predict the operation of the plant for each of the one or more types of plant operational scenarios.

37. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes receiving a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment including each of the one or more types of energy producing units, and determining the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating configuration that does not violate any of the set of constraints.

38. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using a set of constraints associated with operating limits of plant equipment, a set of environmental conditions associated with operation of the plant equipment and a load requirement of the plant and determining the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating configuration at which the plant operates at the environmental conditions to produce the load requirement without violating any of the set of constraints.

39. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using the objective function to determine the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant.

40. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using the objective function to determine the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time.

41. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using the objective function to determine the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating point that minimizes the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant over a specific period of time during which costs associated with the one or more types of energy producing units varies.

42. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using the objective function to determine the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating point that maximizes the profits of the plant taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account.

43. The method of optimizing the running of a plant of claim 33, wherein analyzing each of the plurality of plant operational scenarios using an objective function includes using the objective function to determine the particular plant configuration that best satisfies the objective function as a plant operating point that maximizes the profits of the plant taking the costs of energy creation and usage of the one or more types of energy producing units in the plant into account over a specific period of time during which costs associated with one or more of the one or more types of energy producing units varies.