Attributing causality to program execution capacity modifications

• US 9,336,069 B2
• Filed: 02/10/2014
• Issued: 05/10/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Maclinovsky, Alex, Meike, Blake, Buragohain, Chiranjeeb, Kommareddy, Christopher Reddy, Pare, Geoffrey Scott, Heitmann, John W., Lohia, Sumit, Chen, Liang
• Primary Examiner(s): Anya, Charles E
• Application Number:
  US14/176,944
• Publication Number:
  US 20140157283A1
• Time in Patent Office: 820 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2209/508 Monitor
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/50 Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/542 Event management; Broadcasting; Multicasting; Notifications
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/543 User-generated data transfer, e.g. clipboards, dynamic data exchange [DDE], object linking and embedding [OLE]
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/085 involving remote charge determination or related payment systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/02 Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0283 Price estimation or determination

Abstract

Techniques are described for managing program execution capacity, such as for a group of computing nodes that are provided for executing one or more programs for a user. In some situations, dynamic program execution capacity modifications for a computing node group that is in use may be performed periodically or otherwise in a recurrent manner, such as to aggregate multiple modifications that are requested or otherwise determined to be made during a period of time. In addition, various operations may be performed to attribute causality information or other responsibility for particular program execution capacity modifications that are performed, including by attributing a single event as causing one capacity modification, and a combination of multiple events as possible causes for another capacity modification. The techniques may in some situations be used in conjunction with a fee-based program execution service that executes multiple programs on behalf of multiple users of the service.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

providing, by one or more computing systems configured to provide a program execution service, a first group of multiple computing nodes that provide a program execution capacity at a first time for executing one or more software programs for a user;

identifying, by the one or more configured computing systems and in response to determining that a change to availability of one or more computing nodes of the first group has occurred, multiple events that occur between the first time and a later second time and that each are capable of resulting in a modification of the program execution capacity being provided by the multiple computing nodes of the first group;

determining, by the one or more configured computing system, whether to attribute one of the multiple identified events as a cause of the availability change; and

if it is determined to attribute the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, providing, by the one or more configured computing systems, an indication of the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, and otherwise providing an indication of the multiple identified events as the cause of the availability change.

2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein providing an indication of the cause of the availability change includes generating a human-readable explanation of the cause of the availability change and providing the generated human-readable explanation for display to the user.

3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising receiving a request that includes an indication of the availability change and a query regarding particular events that are attributable as a cause of the indicated availability change.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising receiving a request that specifies one or more of the multiple identified events and includes a query regarding particular availability changes caused by the one or more specified events.

5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the multiple identified events include at least one capacity modification request specified by the user for an indicated modification to the program execution capacity being provided by the first group, and wherein the indicated cause of the availability change includes at least one of the specified capacity modification requests.

6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising receiving configuration information from the user that specifies one or more capacity modification triggers for use in initiating automated modifications to the program execution capacity provided by the first group, and wherein the multiple identified events include at least one of the capacity modification triggers being determined to be satisfied.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 wherein the configuration information is received from the user via one or more interactions of the user with a graphical user interface provided by the program execution service.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 6 wherein the configuration information is received from the user via one or more programmatic interfaces provided by the program execution service.

9. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the program execution service is a fee-based network-accessible service that is remote from the user and that provides (a) one or more Application Programming Interfaces for remote computing systems to programmatically interact with the program execution service over one or more networks, or (b) a graphical user interface for use by remote users over the one or more networks.

10. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the program execution capacity of the first group is measured based on a quantity of computing nodes that are part of the first group;

such that the program execution capacity provided at the first time is a first quantity of computing nodes and such that the actual program execution capacity at the second time is a distinct second quantity of computing nodes, and wherein the availability change includes one or more computing nodes of the first group becoming unavailable or one or more additional computing nodes being added to the first group.

11. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 further comprising, for each of one or more time periods that occur after the second time, identifying one or more additional events as a cause of an additional availability change that occurs during the additional time period, and wherein, for one of the additional identified events that is the cause of one of the additional availability changes that occurs during one of the one or more time periods, the one additional identified event is a result of the availability change that occurs between the first time and the second time.

12. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the multiple computing nodes of the first group are part of a plurality of computing nodes that include, for each of multiple physical computing systems, multiple virtual machines hosted by the physical computing system that are each able to execute at least one program, and wherein at least some of the multiple computing nodes of the first group are hosted virtual machines.

13. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 wherein the user is one of multiple users of the program execution service, wherein the program execution service provides a plurality of computing nodes configurable to execute programs of the multiple users, and wherein the multiple computing nodes of the group are a subset of the plurality of computing nodes.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having stored contents that, when executed, configure a computing system to:

identify, by the configured computing system, multiple events that occur between a first time and a later second time and that each are capable of resulting in a modification of program execution capacity being provided by multiple computing nodes of a first group of computing nodes, wherein the computing nodes of the first group provide, for executing one or more software programs for a first user, a first program execution capacity at the first time and a second program execution capacity at the second time, the second program execution capacity being distinct from the first program execution capacity based at least in part on a change to availability of one or more computing nodes of the first group that occurred between the first time and the second time;

determine;

by the configured computing system, whether to attribute one of the multiple identified events as a cause of the availability change; and

if it is determined to attribute the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, provide, by the configured computing system, an indication of the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, and otherwise provide an indication of the multiple identified events as the cause of the availability change.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14 wherein the stored contents further configure the computing system to determine multiple capacity modification triggers for use in later initiating automated modifications to program execution capacity being provided to the first user, each of the capacity modification triggers including one or more criteria for use in determining if the capacity modification trigger is satisfied and including an indicated type of program execution capacity modification to be requested if the capacity modification trigger is satisfied.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15 wherein the determining of at least one of the multiple capacity modification triggers is based at least in part on receiving from the first user one or more parameters for the at least one capacity modification trigger.

17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 wherein the receiving of the one or more parameters for the at least one capacity modification trigger includes receiving the parameters from the user via one or more interactions of the user with a graphical user interface provided by a network-accessible service associated with the configured computing system.

18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 16 wherein the receiving of the one or more parameters for the at least one capacity modification trigger includes receiving the parameters from the user via one or more programmatic interfaces provided by a network-accessible service associated with the configured computing system.

19. A computing system, comprising:

one or more processors; and

a system manager module that is configured to, when executed by at least one of the one or more processors;

associate a group of multiple computing nodes with a user for use in providing an initial program execution capacity to the user at a first time;

after the first time and in response to determining that a change to availability of one or more computing nodes of the associated group has occurred between the first time and a later second time, identify multiple events that occur between the first time and the second time and that are each associated with an indicated modification of program execution capacity provided by the multiple computing nodes;

determine whether to attribute one of the multiple identified events as a cause of the availability change; and

if it is determined to attribute the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, provide an indication of the one identified event as the cause of the availability change, and otherwise provide an indication of the multiple identified events as the cause of the availability change.

20. The computing system of claim 19 wherein the system manager module is further configured to receive a request that includes an indication of the availability change and a query as to which events are attributable as a cause of the indicated availability change.

21. The computing system of claim 20 wherein the received request specifies one or more of the multiple identified events, and includes a query as to availability changes caused by the one or more specified events.

22. The computing system of claim 19 wherein the multiple identified events include one or more automated modifications of program execution capacity provided to the first user by the group of multiple computing nodes, at least one of the one or more automated modifications being based at least in part on a determination that one or more capacity modification criteria specified by the user have been satisfied.

23. The computing system of claim 22 wherein the one or more capacity modification criteria are specified by the user via one or more interactions with a graphical user interface.

24. A computer-implemented method, comprising:

receiving, by one or more configured computing systems, configuration information from a user for a first group of multiple computing nodes that provide a program execution capacity at a first time for executing one or more software programs for the user, the configuration information specifying one or more criteria for use in modifying the program execution capacity provided for the user;

identifying, by the one or more configured computing systems and in response to determining a difference between the program execution capacity provided at the first time and actual program execution capacity available at a later second time, multiple events that occur between the first time and the second time and that each are capable of resulting in a modification of the program execution capacity being provided for executing the one or more software programs, the identified multiple events including one or more modifications to the provided program execution capacity based at least in part on a determination that at least one of the specified criteria has been satisfied; and

providing, by the one or more configured computing systems at or after the second time, an indication of one of the multiple identified events as a cause of the program execution capacity difference if it is determined that the one identified event is the cause of the program execution capacity difference, and otherwise providing an indication of the multiple identified events as the cause of the program execution capacity difference.

25. The computer-implemented method of claim 24 wherein the receiving of the configuration information includes receiving an indication of one or more interactions of the user with a graphical user interface, and wherein the specified criteria are for use in later initiating one or more automated modifications of the program execution capacity being provided by the first group of multiple computing nodes.

26. The computer-implemented method of claim 24 wherein the configuration information is programmatically provided by the user to a program execution service that provides a plurality of computing nodes that includes the first group of multiple computing nodes, and wherein the specified criteria are for use in later initiating automated modifications of the program execution capacity being provided by the first group of multiple computing nodes.