Fluidized bed and method and system for gas component capture
First Claim
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1. A fluidized bed separation system, comprising:
- an input to receive a carbon dioxide-containing gas stream;
a plurality of stacked beds fluidized by the gas stream, wherein each of the plurality of stacked beds comprise a solid sorbent to remove the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and form a purified gas stream and a carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent;
a down comer operable to move carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from a first bed of the plurality of stacked beds to a lower second bed of the plurality of stacked beds;
a regenerator to receive, from the first plurality of stacked beds, the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, the regenerator comprising a heating device to heat the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent and remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, thereby forming carbon dioxide-lean solid sorbent for recycle to the first bed and carbon dioxide gas for capture;
first and second cooling devices in the first and second beds, respectively, wherein a heat transfer surface area of the first cooling device is greater than a heat transfer surface area of the second cooling device to remove thermal energy from sorbent regeneration and sorption of carbon dioxide; and
an output for the purified gas stream, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing gas stream flows countercurrently to movement of the carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from the first to the second beds.
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Abstract
The present disclosure is directed to a process that allows dry sorbents to remove a target constituent, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), from a gas stream. A staged fluidized bed separator enables gas and sorbent to move in opposite directions. The sorbent is loaded with target constituent in the separator. It is then transferred to a regenerator where the target constituent is stripped. The temperature of the separator and regenerator are controlled. After it is removed from the regenerator, the sorbent is then transferred back to the separator.
393 Citations
19 Claims
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1. A fluidized bed separation system, comprising:
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an input to receive a carbon dioxide-containing gas stream; a plurality of stacked beds fluidized by the gas stream, wherein each of the plurality of stacked beds comprise a solid sorbent to remove the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and form a purified gas stream and a carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent; a down comer operable to move carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from a first bed of the plurality of stacked beds to a lower second bed of the plurality of stacked beds; a regenerator to receive, from the first plurality of stacked beds, the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, the regenerator comprising a heating device to heat the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent and remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, thereby forming carbon dioxide-lean solid sorbent for recycle to the first bed and carbon dioxide gas for capture; first and second cooling devices in the first and second beds, respectively, wherein a heat transfer surface area of the first cooling device is greater than a heat transfer surface area of the second cooling device to remove thermal energy from sorbent regeneration and sorption of carbon dioxide; and an output for the purified gas stream, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing gas stream flows countercurrently to movement of the carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from the first to the second beds. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A fluidized bed separation system, comprising:
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an input to receive a carbon dioxide-containing gas stream; a plurality of stacked beds fluidized by the gas stream, wherein each of the plurality of stacked beds comprise a solid sorbent to remove the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and form a purified gas stream and a carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent; a down comer operable to move carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from a first bed of the plurality of stacked beds to a lower second bed of the plurality of stacked beds; a regenerator to receive, from the first plurality of stacked beds, the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, the regenerator comprising a heating device to heat the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent and remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, thereby forming carbon dioxide-lean solid sorbent for recycle to the first bed and carbon dioxide gas for capture; first and second cooling devices in the first and second beds, respectively, wherein the first bed has a depth greater than the second bed and wherein the greater bed depth of the first bed compared to the second bed controls the operating temperature of the first bed, the first bed removing both sensible heat from sorbent regeneration and latent heat from the reaction of the sorbent particles with carbon dioxide in the gas stream; and an output for the purified gas stream, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing gas stream flows countercurrently to movement of the carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from the first to the second beds. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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18. A fluidized bed separation system, comprising:
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an input to receive a carbon dioxide-containing gas stream; a plurality of stacked beds fluidized by the gas stream, wherein each of the plurality of stacked beds comprise a solid sorbent to remove the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and form a purified gas stream and a carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent; a down comer operable to move carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from a first bed of the plurality of stacked beds to a lower second bed of the plurality of stacked beds; a regenerator to receive, from the first plurality of stacked beds, the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, the regenerator comprising a heating device to heat the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent and remove carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide-loaded sorbent, thereby forming carbon dioxide-lean solid sorbent for recycle to the first bed and carbon dioxide gas for capture; first and second cooling devices in the first and second beds, respectively, wherein the first bed has a depth greater than the second bed, wherein a heat transfer surface area of the first cooling device is greater than a heat transfer surface area of the second cooling device to remove both sensible heat and latent heat, and wherein the greater bed depth of the first bed compared to the second bed and the greater heat transfer surface area of the first bed compared to the second bed controls the operating temperature of the first bed, the first bed removing both sensible heat from sorbent regeneration and latent heat from the reaction of the sorbent particles with carbon dioxide in the gas stream; and an output for the purified gas stream, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing gas stream flows countercurrently to movement of the carbon-dioxide loaded sorbent particles from the first to the second beds. - View Dependent Claims (19)
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Specification