Apparatus of SOC estimation during plug-in charge mode

• US 9,354,277 B2
• Filed: 10/29/2010
• Issued: 05/31/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations LLC (General Motors Company)
• Original Assignee: GM Global Technology Operations Incorporated (General Motors Company)
• Inventors: Lin, Jian, Tang, Xidong, Koch, Brian J., Baraszu, Robert C., Minarcin, Monika A., Patterson, Steven A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rodas, Richard Isla
• Assistant Examiner(s): DIBENEDETTO, MICHAEL N
• Application Number:
  US12/916,262
• Publication Number:
  US 20120105013A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,041 Days
• Field of Search: 320/132, 320/148, 320/149, 320/150, 324/429, 324/430
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/367 Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3842 combining voltage and current measurements
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0048 Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A system and method for estimating parameters of a rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode include reading a first measured voltage and a measured current from the rechargeable energy storage system while charging the rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode, interrupting the charge to stop current flow to the rechargeable energy storage system for a predetermined period of time, reading a second measured voltage during the charge interrupt, calculating a resistance based on the first measured voltage, the second measured voltage and the measured current, calculating an open circuit voltage of the rechargeable energy storage system based on the resistance, the second measured voltage, the measured current and determining the state-of-charge for the rechargeable energy storage system using the open circuit voltage.

Claims

1. A method for estimating parameters of a rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode, said method comprising:

reading a first measured voltage and a measured current from the rechargeable energy storage system while charging the rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode;

interrupting the charge to stop current flow to the rechargeable energy storage system for a predetermined period of time;

reading a second measured voltage during the charge interrupt;

calculating a resistance based on the first measured voltage, the second measured voltage and the measured current;

calculating an open circuit voltage of the rechargeable energy storage system based on the resistance, the second measured voltage, and the measured current;

calculating a residual voltage to compensate for an offset due to a limited period of rest relating to the predetermined period of time;

calculating an open circuit voltage of the rechargeable energy storage system based on the resistance, the second measured voltage, the measured current and the residual voltage; and

determining the state-of-charge for the rechargeable energy storage system using the open circuit voltage.

2. The method according to claim 1 further including charging the rechargeable energy storage system for an initial predetermined period of time prior to interrupting the charge.

3. The method according to claim 1 wherein the method uses a two RC-pair equivalent rechargeable energy storage system circuit model to estimate the rechargeable energy storage system parameters.

4. The method according to claim 1 wherein the method further includes reading the temperature of the rechargeable energy storage system during the charge interrupt.

5. The method according to claim 1 wherein interrupting the charge includes opening rechargeable energy storage system contactors to pause the charge.

6. The method according to claim 1 wherein interrupting the charge includes limiting current to the rechargeable energy storage system by reducing rechargeable energy storage system power limits.

7. The method according to claim 1 wherein interrupting the charge includes restricting voltage and current limits to the rechargeable energy storage system.

8. The method according to claim 1 wherein determining the state-of-charge includes inferring that state-of-charge from the open-circuit voltage using a look-up table.

9. The method according to claim 1 further including calculating the open circuit voltage until a predetermined periodic time period has been reached or a temperature threshold of the rechargeable energy storage system has been reached.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium with an executable program stored thereon, wherein the program instructs a controller to estimate parameters of a rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode by performing the steps comprising:

measuring a first voltage and a current of a rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode;

pausing the charge for a predetermined period of time;

measuring a second voltage during the charge interrupt;

calculating a resistance based on the first measured voltage, the second measured voltage and the measured current;

calculating an open circuit voltage based on the resistance and the second voltage;

calculating a residual voltage to compensate for an offset due to a limited period of rest relating to the predetermined period of time;

calculating an open circuit voltage of the rechargeable energy storage system based on the resistance, the second measured voltage, the measured current and the residual voltage; and

determining the state-of-charge using the open circuit voltage.

11. The storage medium according to claim 10 wherein pausing the charge includes reducing the rechargeable energy storage system power limits, opening contactors, or employing zero current and voltage limits.

12. The storage medium according to claim 10 further including reading the temperature of the rechargeable energy storage system during the charge interrupt.

13. The storage medium according to claim 11 further including calculating the open circuit voltage until a predetermined periodic time period has been reached or a temperature threshold has been reached.

14. A system for estimating parameters of a rechargeable energy storage system during a plug-in charge mode, the system comprising a controller being programmed to:

initiate the plug-in charge mode to charge the rechargeable energy storage system for a first predetermined period of time;

measure a first voltage and a current of the rechargeable energy storage system during the plug-in charge mode;

pause the charge for a second predetermined period of time;

measure a second voltage during the charge interrupt;

calculate a resistance based on the first measured voltage, the second measured voltage and the measured current;

calculate an open circuit voltage based on the resistance and the second voltage;

calculate a residual voltage to compensate for an offset due to a limited period of rest relating to the second predetermined period of time;

calculate an open circuit voltage of the rechargeable energy storage system based on the resistance, the second measured voltage, the measured current and the residual voltage; and

determine the state-of-charge using the open circuit voltage.

15. The system according to claim 14 wherein the rechargeable energy storage system is a high voltage battery.

16. The system according to claim 14 wherein pausing the charge includes reducing the rechargeable energy storage system power limits, opening contactors, or employing zero current and voltage limits.