Automated tuning of multiple fuel gas turbine combustion systems

• US 9,354,618 B2
• Filed: 02/15/2013
• Issued: 05/31/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB
• Original Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB
• Inventors: Chandler, Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Gami, Tejal
• Application Number:
  US13/767,920
• Publication Number:
  US 20130173074A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,201 Days
• Field of Search: 700/287
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/28 Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/40 specially adapted to the use of a special fuel or a plurality of fuels
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/80 Diagnostics
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/082 with as little NOx as possible
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/083 by monitoring combustion conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/303 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/31 Fuel schedule for stage combustors
• CPC Class Codes: F23K 2300/204 Preheating
• CPC Class Codes: F23K 2300/206 Control devices
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 1/002 using electronic means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2237/08 two or more different types of fuel simultaneously
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2241/20 Gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/003 using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties F23N5/02, F23N5/18 - F23N5/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/242 using electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 2900/00013 Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by active means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/34 Feeding into different combustion zones
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/36 Supply of different fuels
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/00 Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion G05B19/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 19/05 Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 2219/1204 Multiprocessing, several plc's, distributed logic control

Abstract

Provided herein is a method for automated control of the gas turbine fuel composition through automated modification of the ratio of fuel gas from multiple sources. The method includes providing first and second fuel sources. The method further includes sensing the operational parameters of a turbine and determining whether the operational parameters are within preset operational limits. The method also adjusting the ration of the first fuel source to the second fuel source, based on whether the operational parameters are within the preset operational limits.

Claims

1. A method for automated control of a combustion turbine fuel composition through automated modification of a ratio of fuel gas, comprising:

providing a first fuel source;

providing a second fuel source;

supplying fuel to a combustion turbine in a blend of fuel from the first source and second source;

specifying one or more first tuning priorities, wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting the one or more first tuning priorities or selecting a value in a range for the one or more first tuning priorities and wherein the specifying operates to change a first set of predetermined operational limits;

specifying one or more second tuning priorities wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting the one or more second tuning priorities and wherein the specifying of the one or more second tuning priorities operates to overlay a second set of predetermined operational limits upon the first set of predetermined operational limits;

sensing the operational parameters of the gas turbine;

determining whether the operational parameters are within the first or second set of predetermined operational limits; and

adjusting the blend of the first fuel source and the second fuel source, based on whether the operational parameters are within the second set of predetermined operational limits,

wherein the first set of predetermined operational limits are determined according to the first tuning priorities for the turbine, wherein the first tuning priorities comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level and combustion dynamics and wherein the second tuning priorities comprise fuel blend ratio, and

wherein specifying the power level and the fuel blend tuning priority comprises switching on or switching off said tuning priority, and wherein specifying the NOx levels tuning priority or the combustion dynamics tuning priority comprises selecting a value in a range.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

providing a hierarchy of the first tuning priorities; and

setting the first set of predetermined operational limits based on the hierarchy of the first tuning priorities.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein providing a hierarchy of the first tuning priorities comprises ranking the first tuning priorities according to an end user'"'"'s preferences.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

making incremental adjustments of at least one operational parameter of the turbine.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein making incremental adjustments of at least one operational parameter of the turbine comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational parameters of the turbine,

wherein the one or more operational parameters are selected from the group comprising combustor fuel distribution split within the nozzles of the combustor, fuel gas inlet temperature, and fuel/air ratio within the turbine.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the ratio of the first fuel sources to the second fuel source comprises making incremental adjustments of at least one operational parameter of the turbine.

7. The method according to claim 1, further comprising producing one or more indicators if the operational parameters are not within the first or second set of predetermined operational limits, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of the indicator.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the one or more indicators are further ranked based on the first or second set of tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the blend of the first fuel source to the second fuel source comprises making incremental adjustments of the ratio of the first fuel source to second fuel source in one or more operational parameters of the turbine.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operational parameters define an operational envelope specifying the operational limits.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first fuel source is pipeline quality fuel.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the second fuel source is non-pipeline quality fuel.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blend comprises 0-100% of the first fuel source.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blend comprises 0-100% of the second fuel source.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blend is the inverse ratio of the first fuel source.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the blend is the inverse ratio of the second fuel source.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein fuel blend adjustments are done incrementally.

18. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first tuning priorities further comprise one or more selected from the group comprising heat rate, CO levels, heat recovery steam generator life, gas turbine fuel blend ratio and turndown capability.

19. A tuning system for automated control of a gas turbine fuel composition through automated modification of a ratio of fuel gas, comprising:

operational turbine controls for operational control elements of the turbine, the turbine controls controlling at least one of turbine fuel distribution or the fuel temperature,

a tuning controller communicating with the controls, the controller configured to tune the operation of the turbine in accordance with the following;

specifying one or more first tuning priorities, wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting the one or more first tuning priorities or selecting a value in a range for the one or more first tuning priorities and wherein the specifying operates to change a first set of predetermined operational limits;

specifying one or more second tuning priorities wherein the specifying comprises selecting or de-selecting the one or more second tuning priorities and wherein the specifying of the one or more second tuning priorities operates to overlay a second set of predetermined operational limits upon the first set of predetermined operational limits;

receiving operational data about the turbine,

providing a hierarchy of the first tuning priorities,

determining whether sensed operational data is within the first or second set of predetermined operational limits and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the first or second set of predetermined operational limits,

ranking the one or more indicators to determine dominant tuning concern, and

providing a blend of fuel to a level blend ratio controller, the blend having fuel from at least one of a first and second fuel source ratio controller, the fuel blend ratio controller adjusting the ratio of the first fuel source and the second fuel source according to the blend based on whether the operational parameters are within the second set of predetermined operational limits,

wherein the first tuning priorities for the turbine comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level, and combustion dynamics and the second tuning priorities comprise fuel blend ratio, and

wherein the specifying of the power level and fuel blend tuning priority comprises switching on or switching off the tuning priority, and wherein the specifying of NOx levels or combustion dynamics tuning priority comprises selecting a value in a range.

20. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein tuning the operation of the turbine comprises making incremental adjustments of at least one operational control element of the turbine.

21. The tuning system according to claim 19, further comprising at least one sensor for sensing at least one of combustor dynamics or turbine exhaust emissions.

22. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of each indicator.

23. The tuning system according to claim 22, wherein the one or more indicators are further ranked based on the first tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the first tuning priorities.

24. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein providing the blend of the first fuel source to the second fuel source comprises making incremental adjustments of the ratio of the first fuel source to second fuel source in one or more operational parameters of the turbine.

25. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein tuning the operation of the turbine based on dominant tuning concern comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational control element of the turbine, wherein the one or more operational control element are selected from the group comprising combustor fuel distribution split within the nozzles of the combustor, fuel gas inlet temperature, and fuel/air ratio within the turbine.

26. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the one or more indicators comprises one or more alarm levels indicating that the operational data of the turbine is outside of allowable limits of the turbine.

27. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the tuning controller communicates with the operational turbine controls through a distribution control system (DCS).

28. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the tuning controller communicates directly with the turbine controls.

29. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the first fuel source is pipeline quality fuel.

30. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the second fuel source is non-pipeline quality fuel.

31. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the blend comprises 0-100% of the first fuel source.

32. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the blend comprises 0-100% of the second fuel source.

33. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the blend is the inverse ratio of the first fuel source.

34. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the blend is the inverse ratio of the second fuel source.

35. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein fuel blend adjustments are done incrementally.

36. The tuning system according to claim 19, wherein the first tuning priorities for the turbine further comprise one or more selected from the group comprising heat rate, CO levels, heat recovery steam generator life, gas turbine fuel blend ratio and turndown capability.