Multilevel antennae

• US 9,362,617 B2
• Filed: 08/13/2015
• Issued: 06/07/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Fractus SA
• Original Assignee: Fractus SA
• Inventors: Puente Baliarda, Carles, Borja Borau, Carmen, Anguera Pros, Jaume, Soler Castany, Jordi
• Primary Examiner(s): PHAN, THO GIA
• Application Number:
  US14/825,829
• Publication Number:
  US 20150349413A1
• Time in Patent Office: 299 Days
• Field of Search: 343/700.MS, 343/702, 343/829, 343/846
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/241 used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM H01Q1/247, H01Q1/248 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/36 Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewithH01Q1/08, H01Q1/14 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/38 formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/50 Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/10 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/20 characterised by the operating wavebands
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/307 Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/357 using a single feed point
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/40 Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 5/50 Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/04 Resonant antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/0407 Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna dipole H01Q9/285; monopole H01Q9/40
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/065 Microstrip dipole antennas patch antenna H01Q9/0407
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/28 Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines waveguide horns or mouths H01Q13/00; slot antennas H01Q13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/40 Element having extended radiating surface

Abstract

A multi-band antenna includes at least one structure useable at multiple frequency ranges. The structure includes at least two levels of detail, with one level of detail making up another level of detail. The levels of detail are composed of closed plane figures bounded by the same number of sides. An interconnection circuit links the multi-band antenna to an input/output connector and incorporates adaptation networks, filters or diplexers. Each of the closed plane figures is linked to at least one other closed plane figure to exchange electromagnetic power. For at least 75% of the closed plane figures, the region or area of contact, intersection, or interconnection between the closed plane figures is less than 50% of their perimeter or area. Not all of the closed plane figures have the same size, and the perimeter of the structure has a different number of sides than its constituent closed plane figures.

Claims

1. A multi-band antenna including:

at least one structure for the multi-band antenna useable at three ranges of frequencies, each of the three ranges of frequencies extending between two limiting frequencies and included in a portable communication device;

the at least one structure including at least three portions, a first portion having a first geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies, a second portion located substantially within the first portion and having a second geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies and a third portion located substantially within the first portion and having a third geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies,

the at least one structure comprising a plurality of closed figures bounded by the same number of sides, wherein each of the closed figures is directly or proximately linked to at least one other of the closed figures such that electromagnetic power is exchanged between the closed figures either directly through at least one point of contact or through a small separation providing coupling,

wherein, for at least 75% of the closed figures, the region or area of contact, intersection, or interconnection between the closed figures is less than 50% of their perimeter or area,

wherein the multi-band antenna provides a substantially similar combined amount of resistance and reactance measured at an input/output connector and radiation pattern in the multiple ranges of frequencies, and

wherein not all of the closed figures have the same size and the perimeter of the at least one structure has a different number of sides than the closed figures that compose the at least one structure.

2. The multi-band antenna of claim 1, wherein the third portion is smaller than the first portion.

3. The multi-band antenna of claim 2, wherein the second portion is smaller than the first portion.

4. The multi-band antenna of claim 2, wherein the third portion completely overlaps with the first portion.

5. The multi-band antenna of claim 4, further comprising an interconnection circuit that links the multi-band antenna to an input/output connector and that is configured to incorporate adaptation networks for impedances, filters or diplexers.

6. A multi-band antenna including:

at least one structure for the multi-band antenna useable at multiple ranges of frequencies, each of the multiple ranges of frequencies extending between two limiting frequencies and included in a portable communication device;

the at least one structure including at least two portions, a first portion having a first geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the multiple ranges of frequencies, and a second portion located substantially within the first portion and having a second geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the multiple ranges of frequencies, the second portion being smaller than the first portion and substantially overlapping within the first portion;

the at least one structure comprising a plurality of closed figures bounded by the same number of sides, wherein each of the closed figures is directly or proximately linked to at least one other of the closed figures such that electromagnetic power is exchanged between the closed figures either directly through at least one point of contact or through a small separation providing coupling,

wherein, for at least 75% of the closed figures, the region or area of contact, intersection, or interconnection between the closed figures is less than 50% of their perimeter or area,

wherein not all of the closed figures have the same size and the perimeter of the at least one structure has a different number of sides than the closed figures that compose the at least one structure,

wherein the multi-band antenna provides a substantially similar combined amount of resistance and reactance measured at an input/output connector and radiation pattern in the multiple ranges of frequencies, and

wherein the multi-band antenna is configured to operate at the multiple ranges of frequencies and wherein at least one of the multiples ranges of frequencies is within the 800 MHz-3600 MHz frequency range.

7. The multi-band antenna of claim 6, wherein the second portion completely overlaps with the first portion.

8. The multi-band antenna of claim 7, wherein the multi-band antenna is configured to operate in at least three frequency bands.

9. The multi-band antenna of claim 6, wherein the plurality of closed figures are plane figures.

10. The multi-band antenna of claim 6, wherein the at least three frequency bands are cellular frequency bands, and the antenna element is configured to transmit and receive wireless signals over an entirety of the cellular frequency bands.

11. A multi-band antenna including:

at least one structure for the multi-band antenna useable at multiple ranges of frequencies, each of the multiple ranges of frequencies extending between two limiting frequencies;

the at least one structure including at least two portions, a first portion having a first geometry configured to operate at a first range of frequencies of the multiple ranges of frequencies, and a second portion located substantially within the first portion and having a second geometry configured to operate at a second range of frequencies of the multiple ranges of frequencies, the second portion substantially overlapping within the first portion,

the at least one structure comprising a plurality of closed figures bounded by the same number of sides, wherein each of the closed figures in the at least one structure is directly or proximately linked to at least one other of the closed figures such that electromagnetic power is exchanged between the closed figures in the at least one structure either directly through at least one point of contact or through a small separation providing coupling,

wherein for at least 75% of the closed figures, the region or area of contact between the closed figures is less than 50% of their perimeter or area,

wherein not all of the closed figures have the same size and the perimeter of the at least one structure has a different number of sides than the closed figures that compose the at least one structure,

wherein the multi-band antenna provides a substantially similar combined amount of resistance and reactance measured at an input/output connector and radiation pattern in the multiple ranges of frequencies, and

wherein the multi-band antenna operates at three or more range of frequencies of the multiple ranges of frequencies and the antenna is shared by three or more cellular services.

12. The multi-band antenna of claim 11, wherein the second portion is smaller than the first portion.

13. The multi-band antenna of claim 12, wherein the multi-band antenna is concealed within a portable communication device.

14. The multi-band antenna of claim 12, wherein the sides of the plurality of closed figures comprises straight lines.

15. The multi-band antenna of claim 11, wherein the first portion comprises substantially all of the at least one structure.

16. The multi-band antenna of claim 15, wherein the multi-band antenna is configured to operate in at least four frequency bands, two of the at least four frequency bands being the first range of frequencies and the second range of frequencies and the multi-band antenna is shared by four or more cellular services.

17. A multi-band antenna including:

at least one structure for the multi-band antenna useable at at least three ranges of frequencies, each of the at least three ranges of frequencies extending between two limiting frequencies, the at least one structure being included in a wireless communication device in a monopole configuration,

the at least one structure including at least three portions, a first portion having a first geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies, a second portion located substantially within the first portion and having a second geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies and a third portion located substantially within the first portion and having a third geometry configured to operate at a range of frequencies of the three ranges of frequencies, the second and third portions substantially overlap with the first portion,

the at least one structure including a generally identifiable non-convex geometric element, wherein said non-convex geometric element comprises a plurality of convex geometric elements defining the first portion, wherein said non-convex geometric element shapes the electric currents on the first portion, while at least a subset of said plurality of convex geometric elements shapes the electric currents on the second portion;

wherein not all of the convex geometric elements have the same size and the perimeter of the at least one structure has a different number of sides than the convex geometric elements that compose the the at least one structure,

wherein the multi-band antenna provides a substantially similar combined amount of resistance and reactance measured at an input/output connector and radiation pattern in the at least three ranges of frequencies;

and

wherein the multi-band antenna is configured to operate at the at least three ranges of frequencies and wherein at least one of the at least three ranges of frequencies is within the 800 MHz-3600 MHz frequency range.

18. The multi-band antenna of claim 17, wherein the multi-band antenna provides a substantially similar combined amount of resistance and reactance measured at an input/output connector and radiation pattern in at least four ranges of frequencies.

19. The multi-band antenna of claim 17, wherein the first portion comprises substantially all of the at least one structure.

20. The multi-band antenna of claim 19, wherein the third portion is smaller than the first portion.