Detector for electromagnetic fields

• US 9,364,663 B2
• Filed: 04/27/2015
• Issued: 06/14/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/05/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Biotronik SE & Company KG
• Original Assignee: Biotronik SE & Company KG
• Inventors: Kibbel, Steffen, Doerr, Thomas, Weiss, Ingo
• Primary Examiner(s): MANUEL, GEORGE C
• Application Number:
  US14/697,062
• Publication Number:
  US 20150352354A1
• Time in Patent Office: 414 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3718 Monitoring of or protection against external electromagnetic fields or currents
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3931 Protecting, e.g. back-up systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/022 Measuring gradient
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/285 Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/288 Provisions within MR facilities for enhancing safety during MR, e.g. reduction of the specific absorption rate [SAR], detection of ferromagnetic objects in the scanner room

Abstract

An implantable medical device (IMD) including a power supply, a sensing device and/or a stimulation device, a control unit, a magnetic resonance (MR) detection unit, and at least two magnetic field sensors. The power supply is connected to one or more of the sensing device, the stimulation device, the control unit, the MR detection unit and the magnetic field sensors. The control unit is connected to the sensing device and/or stimulation device, to the MR detection unit, and to the at least two magnetic field sensors. The at least two magnetic field sensors are arranged spatially separately from one another and the MR detection unit determines a spatial and/or temporal gradient of magnetic field strengths detected by the at least two magnetic field sensors and transmitted to the MR detection unit. The MR detection unit detects an MR field and transmits an MR signal to the control unit.

Claims

1. An implantable medical device (IMD) comprising:

at least one power supply;

one or more of at least one sensing device and at least one stimulation device,

at least one control unit;

at least one magnetic resonance (MR) detection unit; and

at least two magnetic field sensors that detect magnetic field strengths comprising at least a first magnetic field sensor and a second magnetic field sensor;

wherein the at least one power supply is connected directly or indirectly to one or more of the at least one sensing device, the at least one stimulation device, the at least one control unit, the at least one MR detection unit and the at least two magnetic field sensors, and

wherein the at least one control unit is connected directly or indirectly to one or more of the at least one sensing device and the at least one stimulation device, and,

wherein the at least one control unit is connected directly or indirectly to the at least one MR detection unit and the at least two magnetic field sensors;

wherein the at least two magnetic field sensors are arranged spatially separately from one another and transmit the magnetic field strengths to the at least one MR detection unit; and

,

wherein the at least one MR detection unit

determines one or more of a spatial and a temporal gradient of the magnetic field strengths from the magnetic field strengths detected by the at least two magnetic field sensors and transmitted to the at least one MR detection unit,

detects an MR field, and,

transmits an MR signal to the at least one control unit if either

at least one magnetic field strength of the magnetic field strengths detected by the at least two magnetic field sensors is above a first predetermined threshold value, or the magnetic field strengths detected by the at least two magnetic field sensors are below the first predetermined threshold value and above a second predetermined threshold value, and one or more of the spatial and the temporal gradients of the magnetic field strengths lie in a first predetermined range of threshold values;

wherein when the first magnetic field sensor senses the at least one magnetic field strength above the first predetermined threshold value, the second magnetic field sensor is queried and evaluated to determine if the second magnetic field sensor senses the at least one magnetic field strength above the first predetermined threshold.

2. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one control unit changes into a predetermined operating mode in response to the MR signal of the at least one MR detection unit.

3. The IMD as claimed in claim 2, wherein the predetermined operating mode includes parameters that are predetermined in accordance with one or more of the magnetic field strengths detected by the at least one MR detection unit, the temporal gradient fields and the spatial gradient fields.

4. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one MR detection unit evaluates a gradient and an absolute value of the detected magnetic field strengths when the detected magnetic field strengths lie below the first predetermined threshold value.

5. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least two magnetic field sensors are arranged within the IMD, or at least one magnetic field sensor of the at least two magnetic field sensors is arranged within the IMD and at least one further magnetic field sensor of the at least two magnetic field sensors is arranged in an electrode line connected to the IMD.

6. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein a minimum distance between the at least two magnetic field sensors is selected in accordance with a resolution of the at least two magnetic field sensors, such that the resolution is sufficient to distinguish between a local magnetic field and a widely distributed MR field with reference to the spatial gradient fields.

7. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein when an MR signal is transmitted to the at least one control unit, the at least one control unit causes at least one predetermined automatic switchover of at least one implant setting of said IMD.

8. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, further comprising one or more of at least one elongate electrode line and a sensor line.

9. The IMD as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one MR detection unit identifies an MR-typical journey of an IMD on a patient bed, based on one or more of a change over time of measured values of the at least two magnetic field sensors and a difference between the measured values of the at least two magnetic field sensors.