System and method for sensing human activity by monitoring impedance

• US 9,366,706 B2
• Filed: 12/26/2012
• Issued: 06/14/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Disney Enterprises Incorporated (The Walt Disney Company)
• Original Assignee: Disney Enterprises Incorporated (The Walt Disney Company)
• Inventors: Poupyrev, Ivan, Yeo, Zhiquan, Loh, Jonas
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan, Huy Q
• Assistant Examiner(s): Astacio-Oquendo, Giovanni
• Application Number:
  US13/726,893
• Publication Number:
  US 20130113506A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,266 Days
• Field of Search: 324/633, 324/300, 324/334, 324/655, 324/658, 324/675, 324/708
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 27/02 Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant by measuring phase angle only G01R25/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/011 Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality blind teaching G09B21/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0416 Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/046 by electromagnetic means

Abstract

A system for sensing human activity by monitoring impedance includes a signal generator for generating an alternating current (AC) signal, the AC signal applied to an object, a reactance altering element coupled to the AC signal, an envelope generator for converting a returned AC signal to a time-varying direct current (DC) signal, and an analog-to-digital converter for determining a defined impedance parameter of the time-varying DC signal, where the defined impedance parameter defines an electromagnetic resonant attribute of the object.

Claims

1. A system for sensing interaction, comprising:

a signal generator producing a frequency-swept signal in an object;

an impedance measurement component coupled to the object and configured to identify a change in an impedance parameter of the frequency-swept signal as an external body interacts with the object;

a switching element selectively coupling a reactive component to an electrical path propagating the frequency-swept signal, wherein the reactive component is selectively coupled to both the signal generator and the impedance measurement component via the switching element, wherein the reactive component is operable to shift a resonant frequency associated with the object based on a state of the switching element; and

an interaction signal generator indicating a characteristic of an interaction between the object and the external body based upon the change in the impedance parameter.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the frequency-swept signal comprises a time-varying frequency component that varies within a range of substantially 1 KHz to 3.5 MHz.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein the frequency-swept signal is a periodic electrical signal.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein the characteristic of the interaction indicated by the interaction signal generator comprises one of:

a location of the object contacted by the external body, a pressure of the contact between the object and the external body, and a size of an area of contact between the object and the external body.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein the impedance measurement component is coupled to the object with a single electrode.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein the impedance measurement component identifies the change in the impedance parameter by comparing a first multi-frequency impedance curve of the object measured when the object and the external body are not interacting to a second multi-frequency impedance curve measured when the object and the external body are interacting.

7. The system of claim 1 wherein the impedance parameter is at least one of:

a resonant frequency of the frequency-swept signal, amplitude of the frequency-swept signal at a particular frequency, a difference between amplitudes at respective frequencies of the frequency-swept signal, and a shape of an impedance curve generated by the frequency-swept signal.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein, based on the state of the switching element, the reactive component is operable to block an influence of a reactive effect imparted to the object thereby improving an ability to identify the change in the impedance parameter.

9. A method for sensing a body'"'"'s interaction with an object, comprising:

generating a frequency-swept signal within the object using a signal generator;

selectively coupling a reactive component to an electrical path of the frequency-swept signal using a switching element;

identifying a change in an impedance parameter of the frequency-swept signal as the body interacts with the object using an impedance measurement component, wherein the reactive component is selectively coupled to both the signal generator and the impedance measurement component via the switching element, wherein the reactive component is operable to shift a resonant frequency associated with the object based on a state of the switching element; and

generating an interaction signal indicating a characteristic of an interaction between the body and the object based upon the change in the impedance parameter.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the act of generating a frequency-swept signal comprises generating multiple frequencies over a period of time in the range of substantially 1 KHz to 3.5 MHz.

11. The method of claim 9 wherein the act of generating the frequency-swept signal comprises applying an electrical signal periodically to the object.

12. The method of claim 9 wherein the characteristic of the interaction indicated by the interaction signal comprises one of:

a location of the object contacted by the body, a pressure of the contact between the object and the body, and a size of an area of contact between the object and the body.

13. The system of claim 9 wherein the act of generating an interaction signal comprises measuring the impedance parameter of the frequency-swept signal using a single conductor.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the act of identifying the change in an impedance parameter comprises comparing a first multi-frequency impedance curve of the object measured when the object and the body are not interacting to a second multi-frequency impedance curve measured when the object and the body are interacting.

15. The method of claim 9, wherein the impedance parameter is at least one of:

a resonant frequency of the frequency-swept signal, amplitude of the frequency-swept signal at a particular frequency, a difference between amplitudes at respective frequencies of the frequency-swept signal, and a shape of an impedance curve generated by the frequency-swept signal.

16. An interactive object comprising:

a body having a characteristic reactance;

a first interface configured to couple the characteristic reactance to an external scanning impedance monitoring device, wherein the external scanning impedance monitoring device comprises a switching element, wherein the switching element selectively couples a reactive component to an electrical path propagating a frequency-swept signal, and wherein the reactive component is selectively coupled, via the switching element, to both a signal generator that generates the frequency-swept signal and an impedance measurement component in the external scanning impedance monitoring device, wherein the reactive component is operable to shift a resonant frequency associated with the interactive object based on a state of the switching element; and

a second interface configured to couple to a reactance altering element, whereby the characteristic reactance coupled to the scanning impedance monitoring device is distinguishably altered when the second interface is coupled to the reactance altering element.

17. The interactive object of claim 16, wherein the first interface is an electrode configured to permit an electrical signal to flow between the interactive object and the external scanning impedance monitoring device, wherein an impedance parameter of the electrical signal is affected when the second interface is coupled to the reactance altering element.