Metadata-based file-identification systems and methods

• US 9,367,572 B2
• Filed: 09/08/2014
• Issued: 06/14/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: RealNetworks, Inc.
• Original Assignee: RealNetworks, Inc.
• Inventors: Boic, Milko
• Primary Examiner(s): KINSAUL, DANIEL W
• Application Number:
  US14/480,487
• Publication Number:
  US 20150074152A1
• Time in Patent Office: 645 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/13 File access structures, e.g. distributed indices arrangements of input from, or output to, record carriers G06F3/06
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/14 Details of searching files based on file metadata
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/211 Schema design and management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/438 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/48 Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/638 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/68 Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/738 Presentation of query results
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/78 Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/762 at the source reformatting of additional data in video distribution servers H04N21/2355
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/561 Adding application-functional data or data for application control, e.g. adding metadata

Abstract

In a system comprising media files resident on various devices, devices equipped with media servers can deliver files to devices with media clients for purposes of playback (rendering) and/or storage. Some media servers may be capable of delivering files in various formats and may offer clients delivery format options. Media clients are aware of preferential list of formats that can be supported on a device and can choose from delivery options provided by media servers. Media files are introduced on the devices either via means external to this system or by leveraging system'"'"'s media servers and media clients to transfer content between devices. When media files are introduced on the devices by means external to this system, media scanners detect such media files and make it available to media servers and thus to the rest of the system.

Claims

1. A media-library-device-implemented method for introducing media files into a distributed-media-library system, the method comprising:

obtaining, by a media-library device, a first version of a media file of a given media type for import into the distributed-media-library system, the media file including at least one of audio or video content;

determining, by the media-library device, that the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system;

obtaining, by the media-library device, a predetermined set of media-type-specific, fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types;

selecting, by the media-library device, a fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions based at least in part on the given media type;

determining, by the media-library device, a first set of two metadata elements being first and second metadata elements associated with the first version of the media file;

combining, by the media-library device, the first set of two metadata elements associated with the first version of the media file according to the selected fingerprint instruction to generate a deterministic, system-wide, metadata-derived identifier not based on media content of the first version of the media file of the given media type but upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type;

embedding, by the media-library device, the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file;

recording, by the media-library device, the metadata-derived identifier in a distributed media-metadata database in response to a determination that no other version of the media file already exists in the distributed-media-library system;

obtaining a second version of the media file of the given media type;

determining that the second version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system;

determining first and second metadata elements associated with the second version of the media file;

combining the first and second metadata elements associated with the second version of the media file according to the selected fingerprint instruction to generate a deterministic, system-wide, metadata-derived identifier not based on media content of the second version of the media file of the given media type but upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type;

embedding in the second version of the media file the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type;

listing the media file of the given media type only once responsive to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file being identical to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file, rather than listing both the first and second versions of the given piece of media content, in a content list for presentation to a user.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that the first version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system comprises attempting, but failing to locate, the deterministic, system-wide, metadata-derived identifier embedded within the first version of the media file.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining that no version of the media file already exists in the distributed-media-library system comprises querying the distributed media-metadata database to determine that the metadata-derived identifier has not been previously recorded in the distributed media-metadata database.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein when the media file is of a video media type, the first set of two metadata elements consists of a file-name metadata element and a file-size metadata element.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein when the media file is of an audio media type, the first set of two metadata elements consists of a file-name metadata element and a duration metadata element.

6. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions including instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to:

obtain a first version of a media file of a given media type for import into a distributed-media-library system, the media file including at least one of audio or video content;

determine that the first version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system;

obtain a predetermined set of media-type-specific, fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types;

select a fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions based at least in part on the given media type;

determine a first set of two metadata elements being first and second metadata elements associated with the first version of the media file;

combine the first set of two metadata elements associated with the first version of the media file according to the selected fingerprint instruction to generate a deterministic, system-wide, metadata-derived identifier not based on media content of the first version of the media file of the given media type but upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type;

embed the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file;

record the metadata-derived identifier in a distributed media-metadata database in response to a determination that no other version of the media file already exists in the distributed-media-library system;

obtain a second version of the media file of the given media type;

determine that the second version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system;

determine first and second metadata elements associated with the second version of the media file;

combine the first and second metadata elements associated with the second version of the media file according to the selected fingerprint instruction to generate a deterministic, system-wide, metadata-derived identifier not based on media content of the second version of the media file of the given media type but upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type;

embed in the second version of the media file the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type;

list the media file of the given media type only once responsive to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file being identical to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file, rather than listing both the first and second versions of the given piece of media content, in a content list for presentation to a user.

7. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, wherein the instructions that configure the processor comprise instructions configuring the processor to query the distributed media-metadata database to determine that the metadata-derived identifier has not been previously recorded in the distributed media-metadata database.

8. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, wherein when the media file is of a video media type, the first set of two metadata elements consists of a file-name metadata element and a file-size metadata element.

9. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 6, wherein when the media file is of an audio media type, the first set of two metadata elements consists of a file-name metadata element and a duration metadata element.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions including instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to:

obtain a metadata-derived identifier from a distributed media-metadata database;

the metadata-derived identifier identifying a media file of a given media type including at least one of audio or video content;

at least first and second versions of the media file of the given media type both residing in the distributed-media-library system;

the first version of the media file of the given media type having been processed by a determination that the first version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system and by a predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types having been obtained and by a fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions having been selected from the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions based at least in part on the given media type and by the metadata-derived identifier having been generated according to the selected fingerprint instruction not based on media content of the media file of the given media type but upon a first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon a second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file and by the metadata-derived identifier having been embedded in the first version of the media file;

the second version of the media file of the given media type having been processed by a determination that the second version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system and by the fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions having been selected based at least in part on the given media type and by the metadata-derived identifier having been generated according to the selected fingerprint instruction not based on media content of the media file of the given media type but upon a first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon a second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file and by the metadata-derived identifier having been embedded in the second version of the media file; and

list the media file of the given media type only once responsive to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file being identical to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file, rather than listing both the first and second versions of the given piece of media content, in a content list for presentation to a user.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the instructions that configure the processor comprise instructions configuring the processor to query the distributed media-metadata database to determine that the metadata-derived identifier has not been previously recorded in the distributed media-metadata database.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of a video media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a file-size metadata element.

13. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of an audio media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a duration metadata element.

14. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of a video media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a duration metadata element.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the fingerprint instruction selected from the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured partly based on a duration metadata element.

16. A media-library-device-implemented method for introducing media files into a distributed-media-library system, the method comprising:

obtaining, by a media-library device, a metadata-derived identifier from a distributed media-metadata database;

the metadata-derived identifier identifying a media file of a given media type including at least one of audio or video content;

at least first and second versions of the media file of the given media type both residing in the distributed-media-library system;

the first version of the media file of the given media type having been processed by a determination that the first version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system and by a predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types having been obtained and by a fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions having been selected from the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions based at least in part on the given media type and by the metadata-derived identifier having been generated according to the selected fingerprint instruction not based on media content of the media file of the given media type but upon a first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon a second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file and by the metadata-derived identifier having been embedded in the first version of the media file;

the second version of the media file of the given media type having been processed by a determination that the second version of the media file has not previously been processed by any device of the distributed-media-library system and by the fingerprint instruction from the set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions having been selected based at least in part on the given media type and by the metadata-derived identifier having been generated according to the selected fingerprint instruction not based on media content of the media file of the given media type but upon a first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon a second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file and by the metadata-derived identifier having been embedded in the second version of the media file; and

listing, by the media-library device, the media file of the given media type only once responsive to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the first version of the media file of the given media type in the first version of the media file being identical to the metadata-derived identifier based upon the first metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type and upon the second metadata element associated with the second version of the media file of the given media type in the second version of the media file, rather than listing both the first and second versions of the given piece of media content, in a content list for presentation to a user.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising determining that no version of the media file already exists in the distributed-media-library system as a component of processing the first version of the media file of the given media type, the media-library device having processed the first version of the media file of the given media type as a component of importing the first version of the media file into the distributed-media-library system.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining that no version of the media file already exists in the distributed-media-library system comprises querying the distributed media-metadata database to determine that the metadata-derived identifier has not been previously recorded in the distributed media-metadata database.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of a video media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a file-size metadata element.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of an audio media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a duration metadata element.

21. The method of claim 16, wherein the predetermined set of media-type-specific fingerprint instructions for generating identifiers based on metadata associated with media files of various media types is configured so that when the media file is of a video media type, the first metadata element consists of a file-name metadata element and the second metadata element consists of a duration metadata element.