Methods for enabling low-power RFID communication

• US 9,367,718 B2
• Filed: 10/22/2013
• Issued: 06/14/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ring Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Iotera, Inc.
• Inventors: Wild, Ben, Barton, Rob
• Primary Examiner(s): Hunnings, Travis
• Assistant Examiner(s): Haile, Benyam
• Application Number:
  US14/060,283
• Publication Number:
  US 20140111313A1
• Time in Patent Office: 966 Days
• Field of Search: 370/280, 370/321, 370/395.2, 370/395.21, 455/436, 340/10.1
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10059 transponder driven
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/77 for interrogation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 36/0022 for transferring data sessions between adjacent core network technologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/06 based on traffic conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/18 Selecting a network or a communication service
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/20 Selecting an access point
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/0446 Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 92/20 between access points

Abstract

A system and method for enabling low-powered RFID communication that includes at an RFID tag listening for a periodic signal containing beacon signals; synchronizing the internal clock to those beacon signals; identifying access points from the beacon signals; selecting an access point; sending a join request to the access point; identifying the tag to the access point; receiving an assigned time slot; and communicating with the access point in that time slot.

Claims

1. A method for an RFID tag having an internal clock comprising:

listening for a periodic signal, wherein the periodic signal comprises a set of beacon signals;

synchronizing the internal clock to the set of beacon signals;

identifying a set of access points from the set of beacon signals;

selecting a first access point from the set of access points;

sending a join request to the first access point;

identifying the RFID tag to the first access point;

receiving an assigned time slot;

communicating with the first access point according to the assigned time slot;

directing a second access point of the set of access points to listen to communication between the RFID tag and the first access point;

combining data received by the first and second access points to create a combined dataset; and

calculating a data quality metric based on the combined dataset.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising measuring a received signal strength for each of the set of access points;

wherein selecting an access point comprises selecting an access point having a received signal strength greater than each other access point of the set of access points.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising receiving a load status indicator;

wherein selecting an access point comprises selecting an access point according to the load status indicator.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein listening comprises listening at a first frequency;

and

communicating comprises communicating at the first frequency.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving an assigned frequency;

wherein communicating with the access point further comprises communicating with the access point at the assigned frequency.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the assigned frequency comprises a starting hop frequency;

wherein communicating with the access point further comprises communicating with the access point according to both the starting hop frequency and a frequency hopping table.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein listening comprises listening for a periodic signal having a first section transmitted at a first data rate and a second section transmitted at a second data rate, wherein the first data rate is higher than the second data rate.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein communicating comprises communicating at the first data rate.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising measuring a received signal strength for each of the set of access points;

wherein selecting an access point comprises selecting an access point having a received signal strength greater than each other access point of the set of access points and transmitting at the first data rate.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the access point is associated with a beacon signal slot;

wherein the periodic signal is associated with a set of time slots comprising the beacon signal slot and the assigned time slot;

wherein the tag has a receiver and a transmitter;

further comprising operating the receiver in a powered-on state during the beacon signal slot and in a powered-off state during any other time slot of the set of time slots; and

operating the transmitter in a powered-on state during the assigned time slot and in a powered-off state during any other time slot of the set of time slots.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein operating the receiver further comprises operating the receiver in a powered-on state during the assigned time slot.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein listening comprises listening for a periodic signal transmitting at a first data rate during a first subset of the set of time slots and at a second data rate during a second subset of the set of time slots, wherein the first data rate is higher than the second data rate.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein sending a join request comprises sending a first data transmission in an unoccupied time slot.

14. A method comprising:

listening for a periodic signal associated with a set of time slots comprising beacon signal slots and communication slots using a first access point of a set of access points;

selecting an unoccupied beacon signal slot;

broadcasting a beacon signal during the unoccupied beacon signal slot using the first access point;

receiving a join request from an RFID tag at the first access point;

transmitting an acknowledgment to the RFID tag from the first access point;

receiving identification from the RFID tag at the first access point;

assigning a communication slot to the RFID tag;

communicating with the RFID tag during the communication slot using the first access point;

directing a second access point of the set of access points to listen to communication between the RFID tag and the first access point;

combining data received by the first and second access points to create a combined dataset; and

calculating a data quality metric based on the combined dataset.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the beacon signal is associated with a first data rate;

wherein communicating comprises communicating at the first data rate.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising

identifying a second unoccupied beacon signal slot;

and

broadcasting a second beacon signal, associated with a second data rate, during the second unoccupied beacon signal slot.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising communicating with the tag at the second data rate during a second communication slot.

18. A method for managing RFID tags in an access point network comprising:

physically locating a set of access points to create a set of access point locations;

associating each of the set of access points with beacon signal slots and communication slots such that the beacon signal slots associated with any one of the set of access points are not associated with any other of the set of access points;

coordinating communication over a periodic signal, wherein the periodic signal comprises beacon signals transmitted by the set of access points;

directing a first access point of the set of access points to listen to communication between and RFID tag and a second access point of the set of access points;

combining data received by the first and second access points to create a combined dataset; and

calculating a data quality metric based on the combined dataset.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising detecting a connection timeout for a tag connected to a first access point of the set of access points;

and

directing a second access point of the set of access points to attempt communication with the tag;

wherein the first access point is closer in location to the second access point than to any other of the set of access points.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the tag is assigned a communication time slot by the first access point;

wherein communication comprises communication according to the communication time slot.

21. The method of claim 18, further comprising directing the RFID tag to change transmission powers based on the data quality metrics.

22. The method of claim 18, further comprising directing a subset of the set of access points to send a tag subnet mask over a roaming channel, wherein the subset is selected from the set of access points based on the access point locations.