Combining signal power using magnetic coupling between conductors

• US 9,368,857 B2
• Filed: 11/26/2013
• Issued: 06/14/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 05/19/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Marvell Asia Pte Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Original Assignee: Marvell World Trade Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Inventors: Leong, Poh Boon
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Lana N
• Application Number:
  US14/090,283
• Publication Number:
  US 20140085165A1
• Time in Patent Office: 931 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 11/001 Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/12 Coupling devices having more than two ports H01P5/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 23/00 Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/245 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45071 with semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/45188 Non-folded cascode stages
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/604 using FET's
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49018 with other electrical component
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49195 with end-to-end orienting

Abstract

A system including a plurality of amplifiers, a plurality of first transmission lines, and a plurality of second transmission lines. The plurality of first transmission lines have first ends respectively connected to outputs of the plurality of amplifiers and second ends connected to a reference potential. The plurality of second transmission lines have first ends connected to a conductor and second ends that are unconnected. Signals output by the plurality of amplifiers to the plurality of first transmission lines are respectively magnetically coupled to the plurality of second transmission lines.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

a plurality of amplifiers;

a plurality of first transmission lines having first ends respectively connected to outputs of the plurality of amplifiers and second ends connected to a reference potential; and

a plurality of second transmission lines having first ends connected to a conductor and second ends that are unconnected,

wherein each of the plurality of second transmission lines is a single transmission line of length greater than each of the plurality of first transmission lines,

wherein the conductor is circular with a node at a center of the conductor to connect to an antenna, and

wherein signals output by the plurality of amplifiers to the plurality of first transmission lines are respectively magnetically coupled to the plurality of second transmission lines.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the signals magnetically coupled to the plurality of second transmission lines are combined at the conductor.

3. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

the antenna coupled to the conductor,

wherein the signals combined at the conductor are output to the antenna.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first transmission lines is arranged parallel to a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of amplifiers includes single-ended amplifiers, and

the reference potential is a supply voltage.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the plurality of amplifiers includes differential amplifiers, and

the reference potential is a supply voltage.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein:

each of the plurality of first transmission lines includes a pair of transmission lines arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines,

outputs of each of the plurality of amplifiers are connected to a first pair of diagonally opposite ends of a corresponding pair of transmission lines, and

the reference potential is connected to a second pair of diagonally opposite ends of the corresponding pair of transmission lines.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein:

the reference potential is ground potential;

each of the plurality of amplifiers includes (i) a first differential amplifier having a first output of a first polarity and a second output of a second polarity, and (ii) a second differential amplifier having a first output of the first polarity and a second output of the second polarity; and

the first polarity is different than the second polarity.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein:

each of the plurality of first transmission lines is less in length than the plurality of second transmission lines,

each of the plurality of first transmission lines includes a pair of transmission lines arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines,

first ends of the pair of transmission lines near the conductor are connected to the reference potential, and

second ends of the pair of transmission lines are respectively connected to the first outputs of the first and second differential amplifiers.

10. The system of claim 9, further comprising:

a plurality of third transmission lines including (i) a first portion, (ii) a second portion, and (iii) a third portion;

wherein the first and second portions are less in length than the plurality of second transmission lines and are arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines;

wherein first ends of the first and second portions close to the conductor are respectively connected to the second outputs of the first and second differential amplifiers;

wherein the third portion is arranged perpendicular to the first and second portions and is connected to second ends of the first and second portions; and

wherein the third transmission lines surround the unconnected ends of the corresponding ones of the plurality of second transmission lines.

11. A method comprising:

connecting first ends of a plurality of first transmission lines respectively to outputs of a plurality of amplifiers;

connecting second ends of the plurality of first transmission lines to a reference potential;

connecting first ends of a second plurality of transmission lines to a conductor, wherein second ends of the plurality of second transmission lines are unconnected, wherein each of the plurality of second transmission lines is a single transmission line of length greater than each of the plurality of first transmission lines, and wherein the conductor is circular with a node at a center of the conductor to connect to an antenna; and

magnetically coupling signals output by the plurality of amplifiers from the plurality of first transmission lines respectively to the plurality of second transmission lines.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising combining the signals magnetically coupled to the plurality of second transmission lines at the conductor.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

coupling the antenna to the conductor; and

outputting the signals combined at the conductor to the antenna.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising arranging each of the plurality of first transmission lines parallel to a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the plurality of amplifiers includes single-ended amplifiers, and

the reference potential is a supply voltage.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the plurality of amplifiers includes differential amplifiers, and

the reference potential is a supply voltage.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein each of the plurality of first transmission lines includes a pair of transmission lines arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines, the method further comprising:

connecting outputs of each of the plurality of amplifiers to a first pair of diagonally opposite ends of a corresponding pair of transmission lines; and

connecting the reference potential to a second pair of diagonally opposite ends of the corresponding pair of transmission lines.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein:

the reference potential is ground potential; and

each of the plurality of amplifiers includes (i) a first differential amplifier having a first output of a first polarity and a second output of a second polarity, and (ii) a second differential amplifier having a first output of the first polarity and a second output of the second polarity,

wherein the first polarity is different than the second polarity.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein:

each of the plurality of first transmission lines is less in length than the plurality of second transmission lines, and

each of the plurality of first transmission lines includes a pair of transmission lines arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines,

the method further comprising

connecting first ends of the pair of transmission lines near the conductor to the reference potential, and

connecting second ends of the pair of transmission lines respectively to the first outputs of the first and second differential amplifiers.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

surrounding the unconnected ends of the plurality of second transmission lines respectively by a plurality of third transmission lines including (i) a first portion, (ii) a second portion, and (iii) a third portion, wherein the first and second portions are less in length than the plurality of second transmission lines and are arranged on either side of a corresponding one of the plurality of second transmission lines;

connecting first ends of the first and second portions close to the conductor respectively to the second outputs of the first and second differential amplifiers;

arranging the third portion perpendicular to the first and second portions; and

connecting the third portion to second ends of the first and second portions.