Multicast service in virtual networks

• US 9,374,270 B2
• Filed: 03/15/2013
• Issued: 06/21/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/06/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Juniper Networks Incorporated
• Inventors: Nakil, Harshad Bhaskar, Marques, Pedro R., Ajay, Hampapur, Ranjan, Ashish, Singla, Ankur
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phuongchau Ba
• Application Number:
  US13/843,365
• Publication Number:
  US 20130329605A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,194 Days
• Field of Search: 370/390, 370/256, 370/389, 370/392, 370/432, 709/238, 709/227
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0659 by isolating or reconfiguring faulty entities
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0668 by dynamic selection of recovery network elements, e.g. replacement by the most appropriate element after failure
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/122 of virtualised topologies, e.g. software-defined networks [SDN] or network function virtualisation [NFV]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/40 using virtualisation of network functions or resources, e.g. SDN or NFV entities
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/28 using route fault recovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/70 Virtual switches
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/60 Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources admission control or resource allocation H04L47/70

Abstract

Techniques are described to provide multicast service within a virtual network using a virtual network controller and endpoint replication without requiring multicast support in the underlying network. The virtual network controller is configured to create a multicast tree for endpoint devices of a multicast group in the virtual network at a centralized location instead of in a distributed fashion. The virtual network controller communicates the multicast tree to one or more of the endpoint devices of the multicast group to instruct the endpoint devices to replicate and forward multicast packets to other endpoint devices according to the multicast tree. The replication and forwarding of multicast packets is performed by virtual switches executed on the endpoint devices in the virtual network. No replication is performed within the underlying network. The techniques enable multicast service within a virtual network without requiring multicast support in the underlying network.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

creating, with a virtual network controller of a virtual network, a multicast tree for endpoint servers of a multicast group in the virtual network, wherein the virtual network includes respective virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to provide an emulated layer 2 network for virtual machines executing on the endpoint servers;

storing the multicast tree in a memory within the virtual network controller; and

communicating, with the virtual network controller, the multicast tree to one or more of the endpoint servers of the multicast group in order to instruct the virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to replicate and forward layer 2 multicast packets according to the multicast tree, the layer 2 multicast packets destined for one or more of the virtual machines executing on the endpoint servers.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein communicating the multicast tree to a particular one of the endpoint servers comprises communicating one or more forwarding entries of the multicast tree relevant to the particular one of the endpoint servers.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the one or more forwarding entries include next hop information of the multicast tree, and wherein the next hop information includes a chained next hop that specifies replication to be performed on each of the layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group by the particular one of the endpoint servers.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the multicast tree comprises configuring a unique virtual network tunnel encapsulation for each link direction in the multicast tree.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the multicast tree comprises creating the multicast tree based on one or more of membership information for the multicast group, network topology information of a physical network underlying the virtual network, and network topology information of the virtual network.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the multicast tree comprises creating the multicast tree to minimize a replication limit for each of the endpoint servers in the multicast group.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein creating the multicast tree comprises creating the multicast tree to balance a replication limit for each of the endpoint servers in the multicast group with a tree depth of the multicast tree.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the virtual network controller of the virtual network comprises a centralized controller of a virtual overlay network of a data center switch fabric.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the multicast tree comprises one of a unidirectional multicast tree or a bidirectional multicast tree.

10. A method comprising:

receiving, with an endpoint server of a multicast group in a virtual network, layer 2 multicast packets to be forwarded on the virtual network according to a multicast tree for the multicast group, the multicast tree created by a virtual network controller of the virtual network, wherein the virtual network includes a virtual switch executing on the endpoint server to provide an emulated L2 network for one or more virtual machines executing on the endpoint server;

replicating, with the virtual switch executed on the endpoint server, the layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group according to the multicast tree; and

forwarding, with the virtual switch executed on the endpoint server, the replicated layer 2 multicast packets using tunnel encapsulations to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising receiving, with the endpoint server from the virtual network controller, one or more forwarding entries of the multicast tree relevant to the endpoint server.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more forwarding entries include next hop information of the multicast tree, and wherein the next hop information includes a chained next hop that specifies replication to be performed on each of the multicast packets for the multicast group by the endpoint server.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein forwarding the layer 2 multicast packets comprises encapsulating each copy of the layer 2 multicast packets with a unique virtual network tunnel encapsulation configured by the virtual network controller.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein replicating the layer 2 multicast packets comprises replicating the layer 2 multicast packets based on a minimized replication limit for the endpoint server.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the endpoint server comprises a source node of the multicast tree that replicates and forwards layer 2 multicast packets to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein the endpoint server comprises an intermediate node that receives layer 2 multicast packets from another endpoint server of the multicast group, and replicates and forwards the layer 2 multicast packets to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree without sending the layer 2 multicast packets on a link to the endpoint server from which the multicast packets were received.

17. The method of claim 10, wherein the endpoint server in the virtual network comprises a server in a virtual overlay network of a data center switch fabric.

18. The method of claim 10, wherein the multicast tree comprises one of a unidirectional multicast tree or a bidirectional multicast tree.

19. A virtual network controller of a virtual network comprising:

a memory; and

one or more processors coupled to the memory and configured to;

create a multicast tree for endpoint servers of a multicast group in the virtual network, wherein the virtual network includes respective virtual switches configured to execute on the endpoint servers to provide an emulated layer 2 network for virtual machines configured to execute on the endpoint servers,

store the multicast tree in the memory of the virtual network controller, and

communicate the multicast tree to one or more of the endpoint servers of the multicast group in order to instruct the virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to replicate and forward layer 2 multicast packets according to the multicast tree, the layer 2 multicast packets destined for one or more of the virtual machines configured to execute on the endpoint servers.

20. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the processors are configured to communicate the multicast tree to a particular one of the endpoint servers as one or more forwarding entries of the multicast tree relevant to the particular one of the endpoint servers.

21. The virtual network controller of claim 20, wherein the one or more forwarding entries include next hop information of the multicast tree, and wherein the next hop information includes a chained next hop that specifies replication to be performed on each of the layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group by the particular one of the endpoint servers.

22. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the processors are configured to configure a unique virtual network tunnel encapsulation for each link direction in the multicast tree.

23. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the processors are configured to create the multicast tree based on one or more of membership information for the multicast group, network topology information of a physical network underlying the virtual network, and network topology information of the virtual network.

24. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the processors are configured to create the multicast tree to minimize a replication limit for each of the endpoint servers in the multicast group.

25. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the processor are configured to create the multicast tree to balance a replication limit for each of the endpoint servers in the multicast group with a tree depth of the multicast tree.

26. The virtual network controller of claim 19, wherein the virtual network controller of the virtual network comprises a centralized controller of a virtual overlay network of a data center switch fabric.

27. An endpoint server in a virtual network, the endpoint server comprising:

one or more processors configured to receive layer 2 multicast packets for a multicast group to which the endpoint server belongs to be forwarded on the virtual network according to a multicast tree for the multicast group, wherein the multicast tree is created by a virtual network controller of the virtual network; and

a virtual switch executed on the processors configured to;

provide, as part of the virtual network, an emulated L2 network for one or more virtual machines configured to execute on the endpoint server, and

replicate the multicast packets for the multicast group according to the multicast tree, and forward the replicated layer 2 multicast packets using tunnel encapsulations to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.

28. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the processors are configured to receive, from the virtual network controller, one or more forwarding entries of the multicast tree relevant to the endpoint server.

29. The endpoint server of claim 28, wherein the one or more forwarding entries include next hop information of the multicast tree, and wherein the next hop information includes a chained next hop that specifies replication to be performed on each of the multicast packets for the multicast group by the endpoint server.

30. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the virtual switch is configured to encapsulate each copy of the layer 2 multicast packets with a unique virtual network tunnel encapsulation configured by the virtual network controller.

31. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the virtual switch is configured to replicate the layer 2 multicast packets based on a minimized replication limit for the endpoint device.

32. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the endpoint server comprises a source node of the multicast tree that replicates and forwards multicast packets to two or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.

33. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the endpoint server comprises an intermediate node that receives layer 2 multicast packets from another endpoint device of the multicast group, and replicates and forwards the layer 2 multicast packets to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree without sending the layer 2 multicast packets on a link to the endpoint server from which the layer 2 multicast packets were received.

34. The endpoint server of claim 27, wherein the endpoint server in the virtual network comprises a server in a virtual overlay network of a data center switch fabric.

35. A system of a virtual network, the system comprising:

a virtual network controller configured to create a multicast tree for endpoint servers of a multicast group in the virtual network, store the multicast tree in a memory within the virtual network controller, and communicate the multicast tree to one or more of the endpoint servers of the multicast group, wherein the virtual network includes respective virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to provide an emulated layer 2 network for virtual machines executing on the endpoint servers; and

one of the endpoint servers of the multicast group configured to receive layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group to be forwarded on the virtual network, and execute a virtual switch to replicate the layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group according to the multicast tree, and forward the replicated layer 2 multicast packets using tunnel encapsulations to one or more of the other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.

36. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that when executed cause one or more processors to:

create, with a virtual network controller of a virtual network, a multicast tree for endpoint servers of a multicast group in the virtual network, wherein the virtual network includes respective virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to provide an emulated layer 2 network for virtual machines executing on the endpoint servers;

store the multicast tree in a memory within the virtual network controller; and

communicate, with the virtual network controller, the multicast tree to one or more of the endpoint servers of the multicast group in order to instruct the virtual switches executing on the endpoint servers to replicate and forward layer 2 multicast packets according to the multicast tree, the layer 2 multicast packets destined for one or more of the virtual machines executing on the endpoint servers.

37. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that when executed cause one or more processors to:

receive, with an endpoint server of a multicast group in a virtual network, layer 2 multicast packets to be forwarded on the virtual network according to a multicast tree for the multicast group, the multicast tree created by a virtual network controller of the virtual network, wherein a virtual switch executing on the endpoint server to provides an emulated L2 network for one or more virtual machines executing on the endpoint server;

replicate, with the virtual switch executed on the endpoint server, the layer 2 multicast packets for the multicast group according to the multicast tree; and

forward, with the virtual switch executed on the endpoint server, the replicated layer 2 multicast packets using tunnel encapsulations to one or more other endpoint servers of the multicast group according to the multicast tree.