Electrochemical biosensor
First Claim
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1. An electrochemical sensor for detecting the concentration of an analyte in a fluid test sample, the sensor comprising:
- a flow path for receiving the fluid test sample;
a plurality of leads each configured to be electrically coupled with a detector of electrical current;
a working electrode disposed along the flow path and in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads;
a counter electrode disposed along the flow path and in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads, the counter electrode including a high-resistance portion located upstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode and a low-resistance portion located downstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode;
a resistor in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads and the high-resistance portion, wherein the high-resistance portion and the resistor is electrically bypassed when the fluid test sample fills the flow path between the working electrode and the low-resistance portion; and
a reagent disposed on at least the working electrode, the reagent being configured to react with the analyte to produce electrons that are transferred to the working electrode.
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Abstract
According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electrochemical sensor (10) for detecting the concentration of analyte in a fluid test sample is disclosed. The sensor (10) includes a counter electrode having a high-resistance portion for use in detecting whether a predetermined amount of sample has been received by the test sensor.
31 Citations
20 Claims
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1. An electrochemical sensor for detecting the concentration of an analyte in a fluid test sample, the sensor comprising:
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a flow path for receiving the fluid test sample; a plurality of leads each configured to be electrically coupled with a detector of electrical current; a working electrode disposed along the flow path and in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads; a counter electrode disposed along the flow path and in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads, the counter electrode including a high-resistance portion located upstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode and a low-resistance portion located downstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode; a resistor in electrical communication with at least one of the plurality of leads and the high-resistance portion, wherein the high-resistance portion and the resistor is electrically bypassed when the fluid test sample fills the flow path between the working electrode and the low-resistance portion; and a reagent disposed on at least the working electrode, the reagent being configured to react with the analyte to produce electrons that are transferred to the working electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method of manufacturing an electrochemical sensor for determining a concentration of an analyte in a fluid test sample, comprising:
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providing a base; forming a plurality of leads on the base; forming a working electrode on the base and electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of leads; forming a counter electrode on the base and electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of leads, the counter electrode including a high-resistance portion located upstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode and a low-resistance portion located downstream along the flow path relative to the working electrode; forming a resistor on the base and electrically coupled to at least one of the plurality of leads and the high-resistance portion, wherein the high-resistance portion and the resistor is bypassed when the fluid test sample fills the flow path between the working electrode and the low-resistance portion; forming a reaction layer disposed over at least the working electrode, the reaction layer including a reagent that is configured to react with an analyte in a fluid test sample for producing an electrochemical reaction indicative of the concentration of the analyte in the fluid test sample; and coupling a lid to the base to form a capillary space having an opening configured to receive a fluid sample, the working electrode and the counter electrode being exposed within the capillary space. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification