DNA/nanoparticle complex enhanced radio frequency transponder: structure of mark for detecting hybridization state and authenticating and tracking articles, method of preparing the same, and method of authenticating the same

• US 9,382,579 B2
• Filed: 03/13/2014
• Issued: 07/05/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokomis Inc.
• Original Assignee: Nokomis Inc.
• Inventors: Pathak, Bogdan Amaru, Keller, Walter John III
• Primary Examiner(s): Bhat, Narayan
• Application Number:
  US14/208,728
• Publication Number:
  US 20140271365A1
• Time in Patent Office: 845 Days
• Field of Search: 435/6.1, 435/283.1, 435/287.2, 436/501, 977/773, 340/10.1, 250/9.1, 424/9.1
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/6825 Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 2563/185 Nucleic acid dedicated to use as a hidden marker/bar code, e.g. inclusion of nucleic acids to mark art objects or animals
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 2565/131 Single/double strand conformational analysis, i.e. SSCP/DSCP
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 2565/607 being a sensor, e.g. electrode
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 22/00 Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more G01N3/00 - G01N17/00, G01N24/00 take precedence

Abstract

An apparatus comprises an antenna pattern precursor, wherein the antenna pattern precursor includes a plurality of sensitive regions; and electromagnetically functionalized DNA/nanoparticle complex(es) that individualize the ability to transition between the precursor antenna electrical and resonant frequency characteristics, and activated antenna electrical and resonant frequency characteristics through DNA hybridization of the specific sequences contained in the electromagnetically functionalized DNA/nanoparticle complex(es).

Claims

1. An apparatus configured for a detection of DNA sequence(s), said apparatus comprising;

(a) a radiating antenna unit precursor comprising;

(i) a substrate,

(ii) a plurality of disconnected conductive wire segments attached to and disposed substantially parallel to a surface of said substrate,

(iii) a plurality of interconnects on said surface configured to interconnect at least two of said plurality of disconnected conductive wire segments,

(iv) a plurality of gap regions, each spanning a distance between two conductive wire segments from said plurality of wire segments,

(v) a plurality of different marker electromagnetically functionalized nanoparticle (EMFNP)/DNA sequences disposed within some of said gap regions, each marker EMFNP/DNA sequence comprising marker DNAs coupled to base EMFNPs, and

(vi) said plurality of marker EMFNP/DNA sequences defining a radio frequency (RF) response from said conductive wire elements of said radiating antenna unit, said RF response determined by a geometry of said radiating antenna unit and a presence of different marker EMFNP/DNAC sequences bound to different regions between said conductive wire segments of said radiating antenna unit;

(b) a separate RF analyzer unit disposed at a distance from said radiating antenna unit and configured to determine said RF response of said radiating antenna unit, said RF analyzer unit comprising;

an RF transmitter, an RF receiver, and an RF signal analysis section;

(i) said RF transmitter configured to transmit a plurality of frequencies toward said radiating antenna unit,

(ii) said RF receiver configured to receive said RF response from said radiating antenna unit at said plurality of frequencies transmitted by said RF transmitter section toward said radiating antenna unit,

(iii) said RF receiver configured to receive an RF response above 300 Mhz from said radiating antenna unit,

(iv) said RF transmitter configured to transmit electromagnetic energy radiation towards said radiating antenna unit above 300 Mhz,

(v) said RF transmitter configured to transmit electromagnetic energy radiation within a substantially continuous range of frequencies,

(vi) said RF transmitter and said RF receiver configured to only transmit and receive electromagnetic energy radiation substantially at a same frequency simultaneously, and

(vii) said RF signal analysis section configured to determine if a comparative response at a received frequency has been met;

wherein a key solution containing complementary EMFNP/DNA sequences applied to said radiating antenna unit causes at least one EMFNP/DNA sequence within the key solution to hybridize with marker EMFNP/DNA sequence within said gap regions, and further causes change in electrical properties of said gap regions and a change in an overall RF response from said radiating antenna unit being received at said RF receiver; and

wherein a key solution containing non-complementary EMFNP/DNA complexes applied to said radiating antenna unit will not hybridize with marker EMFNP/DNA sequences within said gap regions and will not change overall RF response from said radiating antenna unit.