Watermarking different areas of digital images with different intensities

• US 9,396,510 B2
• Filed: 09/10/2013
• Issued: 07/19/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 09/01/1999
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Digimarc Corporation
• Original Assignee: Digimarc Corporation
• Inventors: Miller, Marc D., Haaga, Donald, Rodriguez, Tony F.
• Primary Examiner(s): STREGE, JOHN B
• Application Number:
  US14/022,777
• Publication Number:
  US 20140010404A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,043 Days
• Field of Search: 382/100, 713/106
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0028 Adaptive watermarking, e.g. Human Visual System [HVS]-based watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0092 Payload characteristic determination in a watermarking scheme, e.g. number of bits to be embedded
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0061 Embedding of the watermark in each block of the image, e.g. segmented watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32203 Spatial or amplitude domain methods H04N1/32309 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32208 involving changing the magnitude of selected pixels, e.g. overlay of information or super-imposition H04N1/32219, H04N1/32224 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32229 with selective or adaptive application of the additional information, e.g. in selected regions of the image H04N1/32213 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32251 in multilevel data, e.g. greyscale or continuous tone data
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32261 in binary data H04N1/32256 takes precedence

Abstract

The disclosure relates to data hiding and digital watermarking in imagery. One claim recites an apparatus comprising: memory storing an image editing program; an input for receiving imagery, the imagery comprising image features that vary across the imagery; a processor configured for: encoding a pattern of 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a first intensity within a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery; and encoding the pattern of 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a second, different intensity within a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery. Of course, other claims and combinations are provided.

Claims

1. An article of manufacture including a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that, if executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to encode a digital watermark within two-dimensional imagery to convey plural-bit payload data, by performing operations including:

designate a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery and encoding plural-bit payload data in the first multi-dimensional region at a first intensity;

designate a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery, and encoding plural-bit payload data in the second multi-dimensional region at a second intensity;

wherein the second multi-dimensional region has a non-rectangular shape that is different than a shape of the first region.

2. The article of claim 1 in which said instructions, if executed by the computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations including encoding all of said plural-bit payload data in the first multi-dimensional region, and also encoding all of said plural-bit payload data in the second multi-dimensional region.

3. The article of claim 1 wherein the image is a halftone image, and the instructions, if executed by the computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations further including:

converting the half tone image into a line art image;

filtering said line art image to create a series of masks defining areas of said half tone image having tonal density within a specified range, each range of tonal densities having an appropriate watermark intensity; and

encoding the plural-bit payload data in the image, with the intensity of the encoded payload data being set to said appropriate watermark intensity.

4. A system including an input device, an output device, a processor, and the article of manufacture of claim 1 having said instructions stored therein, said instructions configuring the system to perform said operations.

5. An article of manufacture including a non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon for causing a computing device to encode a digital watermark within imagery to convey N-bits of auxiliary data, where N is larger than three, the imagery comprising image features that vary across the imagery, by performing operations including:

establishing a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery by reference to image features within the first multi-dimensional region;

encoding all N-bits of the auxiliary data in the first multi-dimensional region at a first intensity;

establishing a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery by reference to image features within the second multi-dimensional region; and

encoding all N-bits of the auxiliary data in the second multi-dimensional region at a second, different intensity.

6. A system including an input device, an output device, a processor, and the article of manufacture claim 5 having said instructions stored therein, said instructions configuring the system to perform said operations.

33. The article of manufacture of claim 5 in which the image features within the first region comprise a tonal density within a predetermined range.

7. A system comprising:

memory storing an image editing program;

an input for receiving imagery;

means for encoding 2-dimensional payload data at a first intensity in a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery; and

means for encoding the 2-dimensional payload data at a second intensity in a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery,

in which the second multi-dimensional region has a non-rectangular shape that is different than a shape of the first multi-dimensional region.

8. The system of claim 7 in which the imagery comprises a halftone image, wherein said system further comprises:

means for converting the half tone image into a line art image;

means for filtering the line art image to create a series of masks defining areas of the half tone image, each of the areas having a tonal density within a range, each range of tonal densities having an associated watermark intensity; and

means for encoding the 2-dimensional payload data in the areas of the half tone image, with an intensity of encoding per respective area being set according to its associated watermark intensity.

27. The system of claim 7 in which imagery within the first multi-dimensional region comprises a plurality of pixels, with each pixel of the plurality of pixels being changed according to both an associated value of the 2-dimensional payload data and by the first intensity.

28. The system of claim 27 in which the first intensity is determined by an image mask.

29. The system of claim 7 in which the imagery represents gray scale imagery.

9. A system comprising:

memory storing an image editing program;

an input for receiving imagery, the imagery comprising image features that vary across the imagery;

means for encoding 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a first intensity within a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery, in which the first multi-dimensional region comprises a non-rectangular shape; and

means for encoding the 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a second, different intensity within a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery.

10. The system of claim 9 further comprising means for determining the first multi-dimensional region by reference to image features within the first multi-dimensional region.

11. The system of claim 10 further comprising means for determining the second multi-dimensional region within the imagery by reference to image features within the second multi-dimensional region.

12. The system of claim 9 in which the imagery comprises multi-color imagery, and the first multi-dimensional region is carried in a first color channel of the multi-color imagery.

13. The system of claim 9 in which the second multi-dimensional region comprises a non-rectangular shape.

30. The system of claim 9 in which imagery within the first multi-dimensional region comprises a plurality of pixels, with each pixel of the plurality of pixels being changed according to both an associated value of the 2-dimensional auxiliary data and by the first intensity.

31. The system of claim 30 in which the first intensity is determined by an image mask.

32. The system of claim 9 in which the imagery represents gray scale imagery.

34. The system of claim 10 in which the image features within the first multi-dimensional region comprise a tonal density within a predetermined range.

14. An apparatus comprising:

memory storing an image editing program;

an input for receiving imagery;

a processor configured for;

encoding plural-bit payload data at a first intensity in a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery; and

encoding the plural-bit payload data at a second intensity in a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery,

in which the second multi-dimensional region has a non-rectangular shape that is different than a shape of the first multi-dimensional region.

15. The apparatus of claim 14 in which the imagery comprises a halftone image, wherein said processor is configured for:

converting the half tone image into a line art image;

filtering the line art image to create a series of masks defining areas of the half tone image, each of the areas having a tonal density within a range, each range of tonal densities having an associated watermark intensity; and

encoding the plural-bit payload data in the areas of the half tone image, with an intensity of encoding per respective area being set according to its associated watermark intensity.

24. The apparatus of claim 14 in which imagery within the first multi-dimensional region comprises a plurality of pixels, with each pixel of the plurality of pixels being changed according to both an associated value of the auxiliary data and by the first intensity.

25. The apparatus of claim 24 in which the first intensity is determined by an image mask.

26. The apparatus of claim 14 in which the imagery represents gray scale imagery.

16. An apparatus comprising:

memory storing an image editing program;

an input for receiving imagery, the imagery comprising image features that vary across the imagery;

a processor configured for;

encoding a pattern of 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a first intensity within a first multi-dimensional region within the imagery, in which the first multi-dimensional region comprises a non-rectangular shape; and

encoding the pattern of 2-dimensional auxiliary data at a second, different intensity within a second multi-dimensional region within the imagery.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 in which said processor is configured for determining the first multi-dimensional region by reference to image features within the first multi-dimensional region.

18. The apparatus of claim 17 in which said processor is configured for determining the second multi-dimensional region within the imagery by reference to image features within the second multi-dimensional region.

19. The apparatus of claim 16 in which the imagery comprises multi-color imagery, and the first multi-dimensional region is carried in a first color channel of the multi-color imagery.

20. The apparatus of claim 16 in which the second multi-dimensional region comprises a non-rectangular shape.

21. The apparatus of claim 16 in which imagery within the first multi-dimensional region comprises a plurality of pixels, with each pixel of the plurality of pixels being changed according to both an associated value of the plural-bit payload data and by the first intensity.

22. The apparatus of claim 21 in which the first intensity is determined by an image mask.

23. The apparatus of claim 16 in which the imagery represents gray scale imagery.