Apparatus and method for rapidly charging batteries
First Claim
1. An apparatus for charging a target battery, the apparatus comprising:
- a. an interface for electrical coupling to the target battery;
b. circuitry for concurrently measuring voltage and current of the target battery;
c. a database for accumulating battery parameter data from a plurality of other batteries; and
d. a processor adapted to recursively update a dynamic representation of the target battery based both on jointly measured voltage and current of the target battery and accumulated battery parameter data received from the database for the plurality of other batteries; and
e. a current supply for supplying current for charging the target battery as governed by the processor based on the recursively updated dynamic representation of the target battery.
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Abstract
An apparatus and methods for ultra-fast charging one or more batteries, including, for example, lithium ion batteries. A charging current is determined by optimization of a model based on functions of a set of internal state variables associated with a battery, and a set of model parameters or nonparametric data characterizing the battery. Instantaneous internal state variables are determined, and an optimized charging current is applied to the battery subject to a set of battery-specific constraints. Internal state variables are updated recursively based on behavior of the battery under charge as well as the behavior, stored in a database, or acquired via a network, of cognate batteries.
39 Citations
37 Claims
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1. An apparatus for charging a target battery, the apparatus comprising:
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a. an interface for electrical coupling to the target battery; b. circuitry for concurrently measuring voltage and current of the target battery; c. a database for accumulating battery parameter data from a plurality of other batteries; and d. a processor adapted to recursively update a dynamic representation of the target battery based both on jointly measured voltage and current of the target battery and accumulated battery parameter data received from the database for the plurality of other batteries; and e. a current supply for supplying current for charging the target battery as governed by the processor based on the recursively updated dynamic representation of the target battery. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for charging a battery, the method comprising:
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a. providing a nonlinear dynamic representation of cell dynamics for the battery; b. employing an optimization routine to determine, by applying the optimization routine to maximize or minimize an objective function derived from the nonlinear dynamic representation subject to a set of constraints, an optimized charging profile for the battery based, at least in part, on the nonlinear dynamic representation and on tracking one or more system variables for the battery; and c. applying a charging current to the battery based, at least in part, on the optimized charging profile. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37)
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27. A network for deriving empirical battery model data, the network comprising:
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a. a plurality of charging systems, each charging system including a processor and a power supply for supplying current to a separate battery of a plurality of batteries; and b. a server adapted to receive from each of the plurality of processors data obtained from each of the plurality of batteries and to return updated data with respect to an empirical dynamic model of cell dynamics for incorporation by each of the plurality of charging systems, wherein the updated data are derived a least in part from a database of accumulated data obtained from each of the plurality of batteries. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29)
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Specification