Wearable medical treatment device with motion/position detection

• US 9,398,859 B2
• Filed: 02/14/2014
• Issued: 07/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Zoll Medical Corporation (Asahi Kasei Corporation)
• Inventors: Volpe, Shane S., Macho, John D., Braden, Wade, Kaib, Thomas E., Linder, Marshal W.
• Primary Examiner(s): VOORHEES, CATHERINE M
• Application Number:
  US14/180,775
• Publication Number:
  US 20140163334A1
• Time in Patent Office: 893 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/045 with a separable interface unit, e.g. for communication
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0006 ECG or EEG signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1116 Determining posture transitions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1117 Fall detection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1123 Discriminating type of movement, e.g. walking or running A61B5/1116, A61B5/112 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/282 Holders for multiple electrodes for introduction into the body A61B5/287
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/316 Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/332 Portable devices specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/339 Displays specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/349 Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4836 Diagnosis combined with treatment in closed-loop systems or methods A61B5/0036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6805 Vests
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/721 using a separate sensor to detect motion or using motion information derived from signals other than the physiological signal to be measured
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7282 Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition A61B5/4094, A61B5/4818, A61B5/349, A61B5/0823 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/046 Specially adapted for shock therapy, e.g. defibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/39 Heart defibrillators
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3904 External heart defibrillators [EHD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3987 characterised by the timing or triggering of the shock

Abstract

A wearable defibrillator consists of a vest (or belt) which is worn by the patient. The device monitors the patient'"'"'s ECG with sensing electrodes and can monitor other patient conditions and in appropriate cases can treat certain conditions. An accelerometer(s) in the wearable defibrillator can allow for the device to determine the position, movements, forces applied to the patient, and/or the device. The device can use a least one patient motion detector generating a signal indicative of patient activity. Analysis of the signal can be indicative of patient activity appropriate for treatment or indication of device condition.

Claims

1. A wearable medical device comprising:

cardiac sensing electrodes configured for external placement proximate to a patient and to sense cardiac information of the patient;

at least one motion detector configured for external placement proximate to the patient to detect motion of the patient and a body position of the patient; and

a monitoring computer coupled to the at least one motion detector and the cardiac sensing electrodes and configured to monitor the motion and the body position of the patient over a period of time, to detect changes in at least one of an amount of the motion and the body position of the patient over the period of time, and to determine whether the changes in the at least one of the amount of the motion and the body position of the patient over the period of time are indicative of congestive heart failure.

2. The wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the at least one motion detector includes at least two three-axis accelerometers, with one of the at least two three-axis accelerometers mounted on a patient vest portion of the wearable medical device, and another of the at least two three-axis accelerometers mounted on a display portion of the wearable medical device.

3. The wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring computer is configured to determine that the changes in the at least one of the amount of the motion and the body position of the patient over the period of time are indicative of congestive heart failure in response to detecting that the amount of the motion of the patient has decreased over the period of time.

4. The wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring computer is further configured to determine that the changes in the at least one of the amount of the motion and the body position of the patient over the period of time are indicative of congestive heart failure in response to detecting that the body position of the patient has become more vertical over the period of time.

5. The wearable medical device of claim 1, wherein the monitoring computer is further configured to determine that the changes in the at least one of the amount of the motion and the body position of the patient over the period of time are indicative of congestive heart failure in response detecting that the amount of the motion of the patient has decreased over the period of time and the body position of the patient has become more vertical over the period of time.

6. The wearable medical device of claim 5, wherein the wearable medical device further includes at least one defibrillation electrode configured for external placement proximate to the patient to provide defibrillation treatment to the patient.

7. A method of diagnosing a patient comprising acts of:

providing an externally wearable medical device including a plurality of cardiac sensing electrodes configured to be disposed adjacent the patient in proximity to the patient'"'"'s skin, at least one motion detector configured to detect motion of the patient, and a monitoring computer coupled to the plurality of cardiac sensing electrodes and the at least one motion detector;

sensing motion of the patient and a body position of the patient with the at least one motion detector over a period of time;

detecting, in the monitoring computer, changes in at least one of the sensed motion and the sensed body position of the patient over the period of time; and

determining, in the monitoring computer, whether the changes in the at least one of the sensed motion and the sensed body position of the patient over the period of time are indicative of congestive heart failure.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the act of sensing includes sensing motion of the patient and a body position of the patient in multiple axes.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the act of detecting includes detecting, in the monitoring computer, that an amount of the sensed motion has decreased over the period of time, and wherein the act of determining includes determining, in the monitoring computer, that the decrease in the amount of sensed motion over the period of time is indicative of congestive heart failure.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the act of detecting includes detecting, in the monitoring computer, that the sensed body position of the patient has become more vertical over the period of time, and wherein the act of determining includes determining, in the monitoring computer, that the change in the sensed body position of the patient is indicative of congestive heart failure.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the act of detecting includes detecting, in the monitoring computer, that an amount of the sensed motion has decreased over the period of time and that the sensed body position of the patient has become more vertical over the period of time, and wherein the act of determining includes determining, in the monitoring computer, that the decrease in the amount of sensed motion and the change in the sensed body position of the patient is indicative of congestive heart failure.