Touch pad with force sensors and actuator feedback

• US 9,400,582 B2
• Filed: 02/17/2015
• Issued: 07/26/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Bernstein, Jeffrey Traer, Cieplinski, Avi, Degner, Brett W., Kerr, Duncan, Kessler, Patrick, Puskarich, Paul, Coelho, Marcelo H., Pance, Aleksandar
• Primary Examiner(s): Olson, Jason
• Application Number:
  US14/623,744
• Publication Number:
  US 20150160773A1
• Time in Patent Office: 525 Days
• Field of Search: 345/174
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 2022/0092 for training agility or co-ordination of movements
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1613 for portable computers cooling arrangements therefor G06F1/203; constructional details or arrangements for pocket calculators, electronic agendas or books G06F15/0216; constructional details of portable telephone sets: with several bodies H04M1/0202
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1662 Details related to the integrated keyboard
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/1692 the I/O peripheral being a secondary touch screen used as control interface, e.g. virtual buttons or sliders
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04103 Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04104 Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2203/04105 Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/016 Input arrangements with force or tactile feedback as computer generated output to the user
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0227 Cooperation and interconnection of the input arrangement with other functional units of a computer G06F3/023 - G06F3/037 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/03547 Touch pads, in which fingers can move on a surface
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/041 Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0414 using force sensing means to determine a position
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0416 Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/044 by capacitive means
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0446 using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/006 Details of the interface to the display terminal specific for a display terminal using a CRT G09G1/167; using a flat panel G09G3/2096; circuits for interfacing with colour displays G09G5/04

Abstract

Electronic devices may use touch pads that have touch sensor arrays, force sensors, and actuators for providing tactile feedback. A touch pad may be mounted in a computer housing. The touch pad may have a rectangular planar touch pad member that has a glass layer covered with ink and contains a capacitive touch sensor array. Force sensors may be mounted under each of the four corners of the rectangular planar touch pad member. The force sensors may be used to measure how much force is applied to the surface of the planar touch pad member by a user. Processed force sensor signals may indicate the presence of button activity such as press and release events. In response to detected button activity or other activity in the device, actuator drive signals may be generated for controlling the actuator. The user may supply settings to adjust signal processing and tactile feedback parameters.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising:

a housing having an opening defined therein; and

a track pad disposed within the opening of the housing, the track pad comprising;

a contact surface;

a capacitive touch sensor disposed below the contact surface and configured to detect the location of a touch on the contact surface;

a set of force sensors disposed below the capacitive touch sensor; and

an output device configured to output non-visual feedback in response to a force of the touch that exceeds a threshold force on the contact surface of the track pad;

wherein;

the trackpad is configured to transfer the force to one or more of the set of force sensors; and

the set of force sensors are configured to produce a non-binary output signal that corresponds to the force of the touch on the contact surface.

2. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein:

the output device includes a speaker; and

the output device is configured to produce an audio output in response to a force exerted on the contact surface.

3. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the set of force sensors are configured to produce an analog output signal that is linearly or non-linearly proportional to the force of the touch.

4. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein each force sensor of the set of force sensors includes at least one bendable member that is configured to bend in response to a force applied to the contact surface and produce an output that corresponds to an amount of deflection due to the force.

5. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein:

each force sensor of the set of force sensors includes metalized traces formed on a surface of a substrate disposed below the contact surface; and

the metalized traces form interdigitated fingers that deflect in response to a force on the contact surface.

6. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein:

the set of force sensors include a capacitive sensor having two electrodes; and

the force sensor is configured to measure the force on the contact surface of the track pad based on a change in capacitance between the two electrodes.

7. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein:

the track pad is coupled to a housing wall by a spring member and

the housing wall is coupled to the housing.

8. The electronic device of claim 7, wherein:

the housing wall is formed from a metal plate; and

the spring member is integrally formed with the housing wall.

9. The electronic device of claim 1, further comprising processing circuitry configured to:

determine whether or not a user input includes a gesture;

in accordance with a determination that a user input does not include a gesture, apply a first force threshold associated with a first input command; and

in accordance with a determination that the user input includes a gesture, apply a second force threshold associated with a second input command;

wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to:

in accordance with a determination that the user input includes a gesture, inhibit a response to a user press input.

11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the gesture comprises an object moving across the contact surface.

12. A portable computer comprising:

a housing;

a display disposed with the housing;

a keyboard disposed with the housing; and

a track pad disposed within an opening in the housing and positioned along a side of the keyboard, the track pad comprising;

a contact surface;

a capacitive touch sensor disposed below the contact surface and configured to detect the location of a touch on the contact surface;

a set of force sensors disposed below the contact surface in a layer separate from the capacitive touch sensor, wherein;

each force sensor is positioned proximate to a different corner of the track pad; and

the set of force sensors are configured to produce a non-binary output signal that corresponds to a force on the contact surface.

13. The portable computer of claim 12, wherein each force sensor includes a set of interdigitated fingers that deflect in response to a force on the contact surface.

14. The portable computer of claim 12, further comprising:

a housing wall coupled to the housing and coupled to the track pad by four spring members.

15. The portable computer of claim 14, wherein the housing wall is formed from a metal sheet and the four spring members are integrally formed into the metal sheet of the housing wall.

16. The portable computer of claim 12, wherein the track pad is configured to reject input from a palm when the keyboard is in use.

17. A method of receiving a user input on a surface of a track pad, the method comprising:

producing a location output that corresponds to a location of a touch on a contact surface of the track pad using a capacitive touch sensor disposed below the contact surface;

producing an analog force output in response to the touch on the contact surface of the track pad using a set of force sensors positioned below the capacitive touch sensor and proximate to respective corners of the track pad, the track pad configured to transfer force at the location of the touch to the set of force sensors;

determining an average applied force by averaging the analog force output from the set of force sensors;

triggering a button press event if the average applied force exceeds a threshold; and

outputting a non-visual feedback in response to the button press event.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the threshold is a variable, user-determined threshold.

19. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

recognizing a gesture command if the touch is moving across the contact surface of the track pad; and

in accordance with a determination that the user input includes a gesture command, increasing the threshold.

20. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

recognizing a gesture command if the touch is moving across the contact surface of the track pad; and

in accordance with a determination that the user input includes a gesture command, inhibiting a button press event.