Electrobiocatalytic reactors having reversible bioelectronic interfaces and methods and devices related thereto
First Claim
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1. A bioelectronic device comprising:
- an electrically conductive electrode having a carbon substrate; and
a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode and configured to regenerate, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material configured to be releasably and electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the surface, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte, wherein the polyelectrolyte is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to a non-thiol ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface.
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Abstract
An inexpensive, easily renewable bioelectronic device useful for bioreactors, biosensors, and biofuel cells includes an electrically conductive carbon electrode and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive carbon electrode, wherein the bioelectronic interface includes catalytically active material that is electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the electrically conductive carbon electrode to facilitate easy removal upon a change in pH, thereby allowing easy regeneration of the bioelectronic interface.
16 Citations
46 Claims
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1. A bioelectronic device comprising:
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an electrically conductive electrode having a carbon substrate; and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode and configured to regenerate, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material configured to be releasably and electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the surface, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte, wherein the polyelectrolyte is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to a non-thiol ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 43)
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35. A bioelectronic device comprising:
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an electrically conductive electrode having a carbon substrate; and a bioelectronic interface configured to regenerate and containing at least one polyelectrolyte layer bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the electrically conductive electrode, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte which is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to a non-thiol ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37)
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38. A method comprising:
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providing an electrically conductive carbon electrode having a carbon substrate; and bonding a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode and configured to regenerate, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material configured to be releasably and electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the surface, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte which is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to non-thiol ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41, 42)
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44. A bioelectronic device comprising:
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an electrically conductive electrode having a carbon substrate; and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode and configured to regenerate, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that is associated with polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) that are bound together by alternating layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes comprising polyethyleneimine (PE1) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) and that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material configured to be releasably and electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the surface, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte which is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to an ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface with a carbon-nitrogen bond.
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45. An electrobiocatalytic reactor comprising:
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a cathode compartment containing a first electrolytic solution and an anode compartment containing a second electrolytic solution, the anode compartment and cathode compartments separated by a proton permeable membrane; a cathode located in the cathode compartment and in contact with the first electrolyte, and an anode located in the anode compartment and in contact with the second electrolyte, wherein at least one of the anode and cathode being an electrically conductive electrode; and a bioelectronic interface bonded to a surface of the electrically conductive electrode, the bioelectronic interface including a catalytically active material that facilitates electron transfer, the catalytically active material configured to be releasably and electrostatically bound directly or indirectly to the surface, wherein said interface also contains one or more organic nanoparticles selected from one or more exfoliated nanographite supports, one or more carbon nanotubes, one or more fullerenes and combinations thereof, wherein said organic nanoparticles are incorporated into a polyelectrolyte which is configured to be removably and electrostatically bound to a non-thiol ionic linker that is covalently bound to a carbon atom at the surface. - View Dependent Claims (46)
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Specification