Ion guide with orthogonal sampling

• US 9,412,575 B2
• Filed: 05/15/2015
• Issued: 08/09/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Micromass UK Ltd (Waters Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Micromass UK Ltd (Waters Corporation)
• Inventors: Green, Martin Raymond, Langridge, David J., Wildgoose, Jason Lee
• Primary Examiner(s): BERMAN, JACK I
• Application Number:
  US14/713,442
• Publication Number:
  US 20150249002A1
• Time in Patent Office: 452 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/623 combined with mass spectrometry
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/0031 Step by step routines describing the use of the apparatus H01J49/0081 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/022 Circuit arrangements, e.g. for generating deviation currents or voltages regulating electric or magnetic variables in general, e.g. current, magnetic field G05F; Components associated with high voltage supply high voltage supply per se H02M
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/062 Ion guides linear ion traps performing mass selection H01J49/4225, mass filters H01J49/421
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/063 Multipole ion guides, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/065 having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 49/36 Radio frequency spectrometers, e.g. Bennett-type spectrometers, Redhead-type spectrometers

Abstract

A mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising a RF ion guide wherein in a mode of operation a continuous, quasi-continuous or pulsed beam of ions is orthogonally sampled from the ion guide and wherein the continuous, quasi-continuous or pulsed beam of ions is not axially trapped or otherwise axially confined within the RF ion guide. The ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0.0001-0.001 mbar; (ii) 0.001-0.01 mbar; (iii) 0.01-0.1 mbar; (iv) 0.1-1 mbar; (v) 1-10 mbar; (vi) 10-100 mbar; and (vii) >100 mbar.

Claims

1. A mass spectrometer comprising:

an RF ion guide comprising a plurality of electrodes wherein in a mode of operation ions are orthogonally sampled from said ion guide and wherein said ions are not axially trapped or otherwise axially confined within said RF ion guide;

a device arranged and adapted to apply an AC or RF voltage to said electrodes in order to confine ions within said ion guide;

a device arranged and adapted to apply a DC potential to at least some of said electrodes; and

a control system, wherein said control system is arranged and adapted to switch said ion guide to operate in a mode of operation wherein said DC potential is applied in order to cause ions to be orthogonally sampled from a portion of said ion guide.

2. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ions are non-mass selectively sampled or otherwise ejected from said ion guide.

3. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a device arranged and adapted to apply an RF potential in addition to said DC potential to at least some of said electrodes in order to cause ions to be orthogonally sampled from said ion guide.

4. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a device arranged and adapted to urge ions along at least a portion or substantially all of an axial length of said ion guide.

5. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 4, wherein said device arranged and adapted to urge ions along at least a portion or substantially all of the axial length of said ion guide is arranged and adapted either:

(i) to apply one or more transient DC voltages or potentials to at least some of said electrodes;

or

(ii) to maintain a DC voltage gradient along at least a portion or substantially all of the axial length of said ion guide;

or

(iii) to apply a RF voltage having three or more phases to at least some of said electrodes, wherein different phases of said RF voltage are applied to different electrodes.

6. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein ions are pre-separated according to a physico-chemical property prior to arriving at said ion guide or whilst being transmitted through said ion guide.

7. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said physico-chemical property comprises mass or mass to charge ratio.

8. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 7, wherein orthogonally sampling said ions has the effect of selecting ions having masses or mass to charge ratios within a particular mass or mass to charge ratio range.

9. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 6, wherein said physico-chemical property comprises ion mobility or differential ion mobility.

10. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 9, wherein orthogonally sampling said ions has the effect of selecting ions having ion mobilities or differential ion mobilities within a particular ion mobility or differential ion mobility range.

11. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said RF ion guide comprises at least 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 electrodes, and wherein a RF voltage is applied, in use, to said at least 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 electrodes.

12. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ion guide is maintained, in use, at a pressure such that a mean free path of ions within said ion guide is substantially less than the length of said ion guide.

13. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrodes comprise substantially planar electrodes.

14. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrodes comprise rod or ring electrodes.

15. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ions are orthogonally sampled as an ion beam so that a portion of said ion beam experiences an electric field in a direction which is substantially orthogonal to an initial direction of said ion beam.

16. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein ions are orthogonally sampled with a duty cycle selected from the group consisting of:

(i) <

5%;

(ii) 5-10%;

(iii) 10-15%;

(iv) 15-20%;

(v) 20-25%;

(vi) 25-30%;

(vii) 30-35%;

(viii) 35-40%;

(ix) 40-45%;

(x) 45-50%; and

(xi) 50-55%;

(xii) 55-60%;

(xiii) 60-65%;

(xiv) 65-70%;

(xv) 70-75%;

(xvi) 75-80%;

(xvii) 80-85%;

(xviii) 85-90%;

(xix) 90-95%; and

(xx) >

95%.

17. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a device arranged and adapted to maintain the ion guide at a pressure selected from the group consisting of:

(i) 0.0001-0.001 mbar;

(ii) 0.001-0.01 mbar;

(iii) 0.01-0.1 mbar;

(iv) 0.1-1 mbar;

(v) 1-10 mbar;

(vi) 10-100 mbar; and

(vii) >

100 mbar.

18. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an analytical separation device and wherein in said mode of operation ions are orthogonally sampled from said ion guide and are transmitted to said analytical separation device.

19. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 18, wherein said analytical separation device comprises:

(i) a mass or mass to charge ratio separation device;

(ii) an ion mobility separation device;

or (iii) a differential ion mobility separation device.

20. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a reaction or collision cell and wherein ions are orthogonally sampled from said ion guide and are transmitted to said reaction or collision cell.

21. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein ions within said ion guide are separated with respect to their ion mobility, mass to charge ratio or differential ion mobility.

22. A mass spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said RF ion guide comprises a quadrupole rod set, a hexapole rod set, an octopole rod set or a multipole rod set having ten or more rod electrodes.

23. A method of mass spectrometry conducted with an RF ion guide comprising a plurality of electrodes, said method comprising:

passing ions through said RF ion guide, wherein said ions are not axially trapped or otherwise axially confined within said RF ion guide;

applying an AC or RF voltage to said electrodes in order to confine ions within said RF ion guide; and

orthogonally sampling said ions from a portion of said RF ion guide in a mode of operation by applying a DC potential to at least some of said electrodes.